Present

Group 5
Presentation for Music Appreciations

Rock dRoll
an

Music
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Appreciation

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Introduction of Rock and

Roll
History of Music Rock and
Roll
About The Music Rock
and
Roll
The Repertoire
of Rock
and Roll Music
Analyzing The Repertoire
of Rock and Roll Music
Contribution of Rock and
Roll to The World
Community

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Presented
by:
Amirul
Otai
Izzat
Nora

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Introduction of Rock and

Roll

What is rock and roll? In the late fifties, the answer might have been:
the news music that teenagers are listening to. The roster of rock and
roll musicians would have included Frankie Avalon and Paul Anka, Pat
Boone and Chuck Berry, Eddie Cochran and the Coasters, Bo Didley,
Bobby Darin and Fats Domino, and, above all, Elvis. However, this list
encompasses a broad range of musical styles- despite the fact that all
of the artists were popularly labeled as rock and roll. We need to
make a finer distinction.
The Music of Chuck Berry, Elvis Presley, Little
Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis, the Everly Brothers, and
Buddy Holly is the heart and soul rock and roll.
The music represents only a small fraction of the
new music of the late fifties, but it is a core. From
their music came the attitudes and musical
qualities that would shape rock.

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Introduction
ofrock
Rock
Using their music as a point of reference,
we can see that
andand
roll
had a lifespan of about fourteen years. ItRoll
began in 1951, when Alan
Freed started calling the rhythm and blues he was playing on
Clevelands WJW rock and roll; it ended in 1964, irreversibly
transformed into the new musical language called rock. It history has
three chapters:

1951- early 1956. the idea of rock and roll began filtering through
American society, but the musical style had not coalesced.
1956-1959: the three golden years when the style came together:
from Little Richards Tutti Frutti in early 1956 to Buddy Hollys plane
crash on February 3, 1959- the day the music died, in singer/
songwriter Don McLeans memorable words.
1959-1964: The Beatles, the Beach Boy, et al. complete rock and
rollsIdris
assimilation into the mainstream and transformation into rock.
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When did rock and roll begin? There

answer depends a great deal on the
context in which the question is
asked.
The terms came into popular music
via blues lyrics. In these songs,
rockin and rollin were euphemisms
for sexual intercourse. One of the first
race record hits was Trixie Smiths
My Man Rocks Me [With One Steady
Roll]. The lyrics to Wynonie Harriss
1948 hit Good Rockin Tonight make
the sexual reference as explicit as it
could be and still get in the stores
and on the jukeboxes in the late
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forties.
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The Beginnings of Rock

and Roll

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ALAN FREED
It was disc jockey Alan Freed who
attached rock and roll to a musical
style. Freed was an early an
influential advocate of rhythm and
blues. Unlike the disc jockeys of the
era, he refused to play white cover
versions of rhythm and blues hits, a
practice which gained him respect
among black musicians but made him
enemies in the business. While
broadcasting over WJW in Cleverland
in 1951, he began using the terms as
a euphemism of a different kind:
rock and roll became a code word
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among
whites
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The Beginnings of Rock

and Roll

ROCK AROUND THE CLOCK AND

SH-BOOM
Rock Around The Clock and ShBoom show the two main of early
rock and roll songs. The Crew Cutss
Sh-Boom the two was a cover,
Rock Around The Clock, was a new
song written in the styles of an R&B.
This song wasthe work of the white
songwriters Jimmy DeKnight and Max
Freedman, who had previously scored
with Jimmy Prestons 1949 R&B hit
Rock the Joint.

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The Birth of Rock and Roll

Five solo acts and one duo brought rock and roll into existence
and defined both its essence and its range:
Chuck Berry put together its key musical element: he gave rock
and roll its style.
Elvis Presley personified rock and roll: he gave the music its
most memorable voice, its most indelible image, and its strongest
commercial presence.
Little Richard brought in the beat and performed with an
outrageousness that inspired generations of rockers.
The Everly Brothers refined that harmony and brought country
story-telling to rock and roll.

Buddy Holly was the bridge between rock and roll and rock; he
gave Idris
rock its basic instrumentation, new forms abd harmonies,
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and its main way of creating the future out of the past.
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Instruments of Rock and

Roll: Guitar

ELECTRIC GUITAR
The development that brought the guitar such
prominence was its , amplification and subsequent
technological advances. However, not all rock and
rock n roll artists used the electric guitar. Early
singers like Elvis, accompanied themselves on
acoustic guitar, and Bill Haleys group used an
acoustic guitars with a small microphone inside it.
This is know as a semi-acoustic guitar as it can be
played acoustically or through an amplifier, albeit
originally a primitive set-up that only provide
volume, not the special effects available today. The
semi-acoustic guitar was more popular with country
The
guitar
with athan
specially
made
pickup (a
and first
western
singers
rock n
roll singers.
small microphone device built onto the body of the
instrument under the string) appeared in 1935,
though other experimental models had been around
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in the twenties and had been used by guitarists in
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jazz groups trying to break away from the rhythm
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Instruments of Rock and

Roll: Guitar

PLAYING TECHNIQUES
Bends
Bending is done by playing a note and pushing the
string upwards and downward across the neck of
the guitar. The result is a dramatic wavering in
pitch.
Gauge
To help create different types of sound, guitarists
use different gauges of string. Gauge is the relative
thickness and weight of a string. It ranges from thin
Hammer
ons
and wirelike
to thick, wound strings
This device is when a player plays a note and
quickly, without striking the string again, puts down
the next finger on the fret for the next note. The
result is a heavily accented note followed by a
softer slurred note (this is an important device in
many licks.
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Palming
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The right hand is used to lightly damp the strings
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Instruments of Rock and

Roll: Guitar

PLAYING TECHNIQUES
Power chords
These are re-fingerings of chords to include open
string-the result is a heavier sound with longer
reverberation.

Pull offs
This is the opposite of a hammer on in that the
fingers of the left hand move the other way,
downwards instead of up the fingerboard or neck of
Slides
the instrument.
Slides are when the player plays a note and slides
the same finger of the left hand up the string. Some
country singers and rock guitarist achieve this
effect by putting their finger inside the neck of a
broken bottle; this is know as a bottle neck slides.
Trill
Rapid alternation between adjacent notes.

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Although this is the name we all use for

this instrument it is really an electric
bass, and not a guitar at all. An
electrified development of the double
bass, at first it was shunned by musicians
who preferred the old fashioned acoustic
instrument. It was developed in the late
1940s and was first used by jazz bass
players. Rock n roll groups stayed with
the double bass, but by the 1960s, it
hade become the usual bass line
instrument of rock music probably
because it matched the growing
popularity of the electric guitar and
complemented it on stage. It is possible
to buySultan
a more
jazzy, soul type sound
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and allows
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more freedom in pitch and the
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use of tuning devices.

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Group 5

Instruments of Rock and

Roll:
Bass Guitar

Above all else the role of the

bass is a rhythmic one.
Although it plays tuned parts,
its rhythms, felt more often
than heard, are what is
important. This is one reason
why the bass so often plays
ostinatos of a highly rhythmic
character. The types of rock
and roll in which to hear
important bass playing are
those that rely heavily on
strong rhythms. For examples,
reggae, where the bass always
has a heavily accented
ostinato and works very
closely with the drum parts:
funk, which has given rise to
the term funky bass to

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Group 5

Instruments of Rock and

Roll:
Bass Guitar

PLAYING TECHNIQUES
Slides
By sliding the left hand up the neck of
the guitar the player can alter the pitch
of a note. Slides are particularly
effective when played on the fretless
bass. An example of sliding is the early
Police recording, Walking on the
Moon.
Right hand playing techniques
Because of the thickness of the bass
guitar strings, playing the bass guitar
can require a lot of stamina and
strength (especially in the playing
hand).
Plucking
Players can pluck the strings with their
thumb or a pick, which gives a
standard plucked sound.

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Group 5

Instruments of Rock and

Roll:
Bass Guitar

PLAYING TECHNIQUES
Walking
Walking on the strings, using alternate first
and second fingers is much the same
technique as jazz musicians use on the
acoustic bass. It gives of softer, more subtle
sound and also allows the bass player to play a
more melodic role.
Slapping
Slapping the strings with the thumb produce a
drier, shorter sound. It can also involve hitting
the string against the fingerboard to give a
percussive effect. Slapping was introduced as
technique by funk players in the 1970s.
Pulling and popping
Another funk technique for playing the bass
guitar is pulling or popping. To do this, the
strings are pulled upwards with the index and
middle fingers, producing a percussive effect.

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Instruments of Rock and

Roll:
Drum

DRUMS AND PERCUSSION

The drummer is a very important member of a
group, providing much of the rhythmic impulse in
the music as well as two other very important roles
within the music. The drummer is vital in the
structure, or form, of a song, playing signals that
mark out the sections of a piece of music.

RHYTHMS
The drummer also provides musical clues to the
styles of music being played, as different types of
rock and roll music have their own distinctive drum
rhythms. Although these rhythms are not
exclusively used by any style, in most cases there is
agreement as to which rhythm suits each type of
music.
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Instruments of Rock and

Roll:
Drum

PERCUSSION
Sometimes the distinctiveness of the percussion sound is
achieved not through rhythms but through the use of extra
percussion instruments. For examples, the use of tambourine
in Motown music (being clear, bright and rather dry in sound,
the tambourine didnt interfere with the vocal line and the all
important lyrics, and also it sounded good over the cheap
transistors popular In the 1960s) and in 1960s rock music in
general.

DRUMKIT
Early rock n roll drummers would have been surprised if they had know what
array of drums and percussion instruments would surround a drummer today.
Their equipment was the same as that of the drummers in the swing dance
bands of the 1930s and 40s. In the early 1950s a drumkit consisted of a bass
drum worked by a food pedal (invented about 1900), a snare drum, floor tom
tom, maybe one small tom tom on the bass drum, a hi-hat (called choke
cymbal
at first)
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the bass
drum.
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Instruments of Rock and

Roll:
Drum

USING THE DRUMKIT

Drummers always modify their drums, in some of the following
ways.
Remove the front skin of the bass drum and fill the drum with
pillows, to give a duller sound.
Remove the bottom skins of some drums, for examples, floor tom, to
give a shorter and duller sound.
Drill holes in cymbal and put loose rivets sin them to make extra
rattling noises (some cymbals now commercially prepared this way)
Break pieces out of cymbals to cut down the length of
reverberation.
Attach special drum clamps to the snare floor tom to make shorter,
dryer sounds; sometimes they use masking tape on the skins
instead.
If the bass drum pedal has two springs on its mechanism, they
remove one to make it looser and easier to play in rapid passages.
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There are also many different types of drumsticks, all able to create
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different sounds and effects. Visit a drum shop and look at all types .
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If you are using the drums try using different sticks for effects and

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Instruments of Rock and

Roll:
Drum

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Instruments of Rock and

Roll:
Other Instruments

THE ACOUSTIC GUITAR

This guitar is used in soft rock, folk rock and country music where it
sometimes has double strings and is called a twelve strings guitar. Twelve
strings guitars often use metal strings rather than nylon, resulting in more
jangly metallic sound.
SAXOPHONE
The saxophone in rock and roll music continues its role as an important
member of music groups since the 1920s. however the saxophone was not
always as popular as we would expect. After its invention in about 1850 by
Belgian instrument manufacturer Adolphe sax, the saxophone became a
standard part of military band and towards the end of the 19th century
enjoyed popularity for a time as an orchestral instrument. In the early years
of the 20th century it was at first rejected by jazz musicians who found did
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Idristraditional jazz ensembles.
not blend
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Instruments of Rock and

Roll:
Other Instruments

KEYBOARDS
In early rock and roll the piano was used by some
performers which was probably a carry over from its
popularity among rhythm and blues artist like Fats
Domino. Other early rock and roll pianist were Jerry
Lee Lewis, Little Richard, Larry Williams and Huey
Smith.
The piano has four main uses in rock music. First,
there are groups which incorporate it into their
overall sound: examples are Supertramp, Roxy
Music, and Emerson. Lake and Palmer. Second, the
piano in conjunction with other acoustic instrument
s. The pianos third use by famous solo artists like
Stevie Wonder, Elton John, Phil Collins, Joe Jackson
and Billy Preston. And fourth, as a feature of rock
songs where it would be least expected, such as the
pianos in We Are the Champions by Queen.

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The Man of Rock and Roll

ELVIS PRESLEY: THE KING OF ROCK AND ROLL

Elvis Presley, the king of the rock and roll, sang very
little rock and roll. One can listen in vain to his Sun
recordings and most of his early hits on RCA for a
bone-fine rock and roll sound. Only a few, such as
Hound Dog and Jailhouse Rock, have anything
approaching a rock rhythm.

How can we justify dethroning him? In the history of

rock, his royal status is seemingly indisputable,
although Ray Charles challenged it early on.
Nevertheless, the musical evidence is
incontestable. By our limited definition, theres very
little rock and roll in Elviss rock and roll.
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The Man of Rock and Roll

Perhaps theres something wrong with our

definition, if it doesnt have room for Elvis.
However, its purpose was to identify those
elements of rock and roll that:
1. Distinguished it from other music of the time,
and
2. Led most directly to sixties-seventies rock.
These element are seldom present in Elviss music. Its quite clear in
retrospect that if Elvis had been the dominant musical influence on sixties
music-if there had been no Chuck Berry, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis, or
Buddy Holly-the sound of the sixties would have far different. There would
have been no rock as we know it: no Stones, no Hendrix, no Beatles.
Nevertheless, Elvis unquestionably deserve his throne, because he made
three unparalleled contributions to rock and roll. Elvis gave rock and roll a
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presence,,
an image, and a voice.
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The Man of Rock and Roll

For many people growing up in the 1950s, Elvis was rock and roll. The two
were all but synonymous. Some kids knew about Chuck Berry, Fats
Domino, and Little Richard. Fewer had heard of Ray Charles or the Platters
or any of the one-hit wonder doo-wop groups. But everyone knew about
Elvis-kids, their parents, and just about anyone else who wasnt off in the
woods somewhere.
Elvis Presley is the most important rock artist to
emerge during the musics early during the musics
early development between 1954 and 1956. His
extraordinary popularity surpassed that of any
artist who appeared in those year, and it remained
as a standard for almost a decade. For the music
industry, Presley was king for almost ten years.
He was the first rock artist to establish a continuing
and independent motion picture career, the first to
have a whole series of million-selling single
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records-before 1960 he had eighteen- and the first
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to dominate consistently the tastes of the foreign
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record market, especially in England, where
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The Man of Rock and Roll

Elvis also brought into rock and roll a new attitude: a democratic
eclecticism. As weve noted, he listened to everyone. And, unlike his pop
predecessors, he didnt seem to pass judgment. If we judge by his
recordings, he doesnt value Patti Page more than Arthur Crudup, or Bill
Monroe more than Billy Eckstine. This attitude is in stark contrast to the
previous generation of pop performers, who generally regarded minority
styles withhe
disdain.
Moreover,
reflects this eclecticism in his singing. What the Beatles or
Paul Simon would later do externally-by varying the accompaniment-Elvis
did internally-with his voice. Elvis was the first to express this democratic
attitude in his music, and no one did it more naturally or organically.

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The British Invasion Band

of Rock and Roll

THE BEATLES AND THE BRITISH INVASION.

At the beginning of the 1960s, rock-and-roll music
was in sorry shape.The founding fathers of rock had
been silented: elvis was drafted into the army in
1958, and that same year Little Richard found
religion, renounced his rock-and-roll lifestyle, and
quit the intertainment business to preach the
gospel.

Chuck Berry was imprisoned for transporting an

underage girl across state lines (Berry claimed he
was set up by police).After jerry Lee Lewis married
his fourteen-year-old second cousin, he found it
extremely difficult to find work as many Americans
were repulsed by what they considered an
incestuous union.
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The British Invasion Band

of Rock and Roll

By 1960 rock and roll in its early, unpolished form had faded away. The
new stars were clean-cut white teenage crooners such as Pat Boone,
Facian, Frankie Avalon, and Paul Anka.in fact, rock had been so sanitezed
by these innocuous teen idols that in 1962 Bing Crosby, one of the most
popular singer from the World War II era claimed, Rock n Roll seems to
have run its course...[and will be replaced by] slow, pretty ballads.

What Crosby had no way of knowing was that while he was making his
weighty pronouncement, a group of talented young men from Liverpool,
England, was about to take the world by storm, enshrine rock music to a
permanent place in history, and change the way people looked, talked, and
even thought.
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The British Invasion Band

of Rock and Roll

The band was the Beatles, and its members John

Lennon(guitarist ), Paul McCartney (bassist), George
Harrison (Lead guitar player) and Ringo Starr
(drummer), were learning their craft playing the
songs of Little Richard, Chuck Berry, the Everly
Brother, Gene Vincent, Buddy Holly, and other
founding father of rock. But instead of copying the
music directly, the beatles put their own spin on the
music, throwing in occasional jazz chords and
singing with an almost angelic three-part harmony
that had previously been lacking in the
performance of most rock song.
In additional to playing rock standards, Lennon and McCartney began
writing their own music, which was unlike anything anyone had ever
heard.
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The British Invasion Band

of Rock and Roll

The Beatles seemed like an overnight sensation

when they became huge stars in the United Stated
in 1964, Lennon, McCartney, and Harrison had
actually been playing together for more than five
years.
Accompanied by an ever-changing succession of drummers, Lennon,
McCartney, and Harrison played in a group at first called the Quarry Men,
then the Silver Beatles, and finally the Beatles. (In choosing that name for his
band, Lennon was attempting to emulate the insect-based name of one of
his favourite bands, Buddy Holly and the Crickets.)
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The British Invasion Band

of Rock and Roll

Over the next several years, the Beatles attracted

an ever-growing crowd of fourteen-year-old girls,
office workers, and secretaries in short skirts and
beehive hairdos who packed into the during their
lunch breaks.

By the autumn of 1962 Love Me Do was selling

briskly in Liverpool, and those sales lifted the
Beatles first single into the British list of top-twenty
hits. Martin suggested the Beatles follow their hit
with a tune written by a professional songwriter.

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The British Invasion Band

of Rock and Roll

Classic rock-and-roll tunes, such as I Saw Her

Standing There. demonstrated the groups
penchant for soaring three-part harmony, and Do
You Want to Know a Secret showed that the group
could put forth songs that even parents would love
When the band fourth single, She Loves You, was released in August 1963,
the yeah, yeah, yeah chorus had millions of young people singing along
with the Fab Four, and the Beatles look was all the rage. By this time,
nearly every schoolboy in Britain was cutting his hair in the moptop fashion
of John, Paul, George, and Ringo. Stores that sold pointy ankle-high boots,
could not keep them in stock.
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Trivia video

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Group 5

The Repertoire of Rock and

Roll:
Blue Suede Shoes by Elvis
Presley
Here is an examples of the
repertoire of rock and roll
named as Blue Suede Shoes.
This song is always associated
with Elvis Presley who singing
this song, although it was
written by Carl Perkins, who
was also a well known singer in
the early rock n roll style.
Now, lets we watch this video
together before we analyze this
amazing repertoire of rock and
roll.

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Group 5

The Repertoire of Rock and

Roll:
Here are the score of the Blue
Blue Suede Shoes by Elvis
Suede Shoes:
Presley

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Musi
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Education
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Trivia video

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Group 5

The Repertoire of Rock and

Roll:
I Want To Hold Your Hand
by The Beatles
Here is an examples of the
repertoire of rock and roll
named I Want To Hold Your
Hand.
This song is have been written
by John Lennon and Paul
McCartney. This song was one
hundred percent arranged of its
words and music by John
Lennon and Paul McCartney
which is influenced by rock and
roll styles but have been
improvised by the British
Invasion or known as Beatles
sound.

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Group 5

The Repertoire of Rock and

Roll:
Here are the score of the I Want
I Want To Hold Your Hand
to Hold Your Hand:
by The Beatles

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Education
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Musi
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Group 5

Blue Suede Shoes

As the word blue in the title indicates, it is a 12-bar

blues. Notice that the chromatic notes in the
melody turns the triads of the accompaniment into
seventh chords, for example bar 4

=
F7
For a performance use a guitar, double
bass, piano
and drums. Use this rhythm:

hi-hat
snare
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bass
drum

4
4
4
4
4
4

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Blue Suede Shoes

In this song, the tempo use is a bright tempo which

is its tempo is not going to be too fast and not slow.
We can see that, the chorus of the song is located
at the beginner of the song. Its meant that the song
Blue Suede Shoes has the chorus at the beginner
of the song and the chorus is repeated for twice
which is one of them in the middle and the another
one is at the end of the song.

Actually the melody phrases blue suede shoes of

this song also located in the chorus. This melody
phrases is written as a twice in the chorus.
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Musi
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Blue Suede Shoes

Usage meter in song Blue Suede Shoes is duple

meter. Which can be calculated in term 1-2,1-2.
Moreover, in the song is also no use of harmony
that have more than one sound at a pitch the same
time. therefore, as a result, there is no harmony
sound results in this song.
Texture used is referred to as polyphony or
counterpointpuntal music.

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Melody in the song is mixed melody which consists

of two which are disjunct melody and the melody
conjunct melody. Usage notes extras such as trills
and slides also used to make this song more
appealing as called Ornaments.

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Group 5

Contribution of Rock and

Roll

In three short years, rock and roll came together as a distinct style.
Elvis was its front man : on record, in person, on television, and the
movies, he was its most recognizable voice and most powerful image.
Little Richard gave the music its beat, its volume, its assertiveness, and
its most outrageous persona; Jerry Lee Lewis followed right behind.
Chuck Berry trabsferred the beat to the electric guitar, rocks most
outspoken instrumental voice, and created rock and rolls most
emulated sound. The Everly Brother opened up a gentler side, while
Buddy Holly opened the door to the electric sound world of sixties rock.

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In words and music, rock
and roll became the
voice of a new
generation. Especially in
the lyrics of Berry and
Holly, it spoke simply
but subtly of teenence,
was the teenagers
sound badge. The songs
coming out of
transistors and car
radios were as much a
Sultan
oert
of Idris
their identity as
Education
their
hair styles, clother,
University
and
cars.
Copyrighted
AmirulDanishMukminin09

Group 5

Contribution of Rock and

Roll

In 1959, with its first great

musicians and the industry itself
mired in scandal, rock and roll
seemed destined to fade away.
However, the music had come
too far too fast for that to
happen. In fact, the opposite
took place. Rock and rolls
posture, its rhythms and
textures, its singing and sound
world would begin to infiltrate
almost every other popular style:
rhythm and blues, country and
folk, pop, jazz. It reached beyond
Americas borders, as England
and then the rest of the world
discovered this new music.

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TH That all from us, Thank you
very much.

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Group 5

Thanks