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What is Bioenergetics?
The study of
energy in living
systems
(environments)
and the
organisms
(plants and
animals) that
utilize them
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Energy
Required by
all organisms
May be
Kinetic or
Potential
energy
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Kinetic Energy
Energy of
Motion
Heat and
light energy
are
examples
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Potential Energy
Energy of
position
Includes
energy
stored in
chemical
bonds
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Two Types of
Energy Reactions
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Endergonic Reactions
SUN
Light
Energy
6CO2 + 6H2Ophotons
C6H12O6 + 6O2
(glucose)
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Exergonic Reactions
Energy
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Metabolic Reactions
of Cells
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What is Metabolism?
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10
Anabolic
Pathways
Catabolic
Pathways
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11
Anabolic Pathway
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12
Catabolic Pathway
ATP
(glucose)
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13
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14
ATP
Components:
1. adenine: nitrogenous base
2. ribose: five carbon sugar
3.phosphate group: chain of 3
adenine
phosphate group
P
ribose
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15
Adenosine Triphosphate
Three
phosphate
groups-(two
with high
energy bonds
Last phosphate
group (PO4)
contains the
MOST energy
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16
Process is called
phosphorylation
Occurs continually
in cells
Enzyme ATP-ase
can weaken & break
last PO4 bond
releasing energy &
free PO4
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It is estimated
that each cell
will generate
and consume
approximately
10,000,000
molecules of
ATP per second
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19
The exergonic
hydrolysis of ATP
is coupled with the
endergonic
dehydration
H2O
process by
transferring a
phosphate group to
another molecule.
H2O
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20
Hydrolysis of ATP
ATP + H2O
ADP + P
(exergonic)
P
Hydrolysis
(add water)
Hyrolysis is Exergonic
Energy
Used
by
Cells
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22
Dehydration of ATP
ADP +
Dehydration
(Remove H2O
P
P
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Dehydration is Endergonic
Energy
is
restored
in
Chemical
Bonds
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24
Review
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25
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or
Catabolic
Exergonic
Or
Endergonic
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or
Hydrolysis
H2O added
or
H2O removed
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or
BOTH
Dehydration
or
Catabolism
or
Exergonic
BOTH
BOTH
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