CH1 Casing2

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS
PETROLEUM ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
Chapter 1
Casing
Learning
Objectives
To differentiate casing types
To describe casing properties and various connection used
To solve the casing design
To explain the wellheads and casing hangers
PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION
JANUARY 2015
Contents
1.1 Casing string
1.2 Terminology and casing properties
1.3 Wellheads and casing hangers
1.4 Casing design
JANUARY 2015
Question
1.2
When was the first

well drilled?
- Worldwide
- Malaysia
- PETRONAS
JANUARY 2015
Answer
1.2
Worldwide
First commercial well was drilled in USA in
1859
Drilled by Col Edwin L. Drake
PETRONAS
First well was for Duyong field in
August 1980
Drilled by PETRONAS Carigali Sdn.

Bhd.
JANUARY 2015
Answer
1.2
Malaysia
First well was drilled in Malaysia was in 1910
Drilled by Shell in Miri (Canada Hill) aka Grand Old

Lady
JANUARY 2015
1.1 Casing string
Source: www.steelpipes.org
What is casing?
Large diameter steel pipe lowered into a borehole and cemented in place
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1.1 Casing string
Hydrocarbon
It is possible to drill a
well with a single
casing size?
JANUARY 2015
1.1 Casing string

A typical set of casing
string
These pipes are run to

different depths
One or two of them may be
omitted depending on the
drilling conditions
They also may be run as liners
or in combination of liners
Source: www.nadlcorp.com
JANUARY 2015
1.1 Casing string

Example
Hydropressured
well
Geopressured
well
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1.1 Casing string

Example
Deepwater Horizon
Casing Design (18,360
ft)
Source: www.nola.com
JANUARY 2015
Do you aware of
these
- When we finished
the well, what
physically leave
behind is mainly
Casing and cement
- Casing has to
maintain the
operational
functionality and
Source: frackwire.com
pressure
JANUARYis
2015
containment that
1.1 Casing string

Conductor Casing
The first casing string to be run and consequently has

the largest diameter
Two methods to run the pipe;
In soft area or most offshore environment, the pipe is
generally driven into the ground with a large diesel
hammer (drive pipe). This pipe need the have thicker
coupling (e.g. RL4S)
In hard rock area, a hole need to be drilled first before
the pipe generally set at 150-200ft below the ground
level or seabed. Only use normal coupling (e.g. BTC
or JVLW)
Main function is to seal off unconsolidated formation at
shallow depth
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1.1 Casing string

Conductor Casing
Primary function
To prevent wash out of shallow formations (base of the
rig)
To control some type of lost circulation in shallow
formations
Other functions
To protect subsequent casing strings from corrosion
To support some of the wellhead load
To provide a fluid conduit to raise the circulating high
enough to return to the pit
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1.1 Casing string

Surface Casing
The first casing string to be run after conductor and generally

set at 1000-5000ft below the ground level or seabed
Sizes of the surface casing vary from 7 to 16 in diameter,
with 10 and 13 being the most common sizes
It is usually cemented to the surface
Setting depth is important in an area where abnormally high
pressure are expected
If the casing set too high, formations below the casing may not
have sufficient strength to allow well to shut in
This can result the influx to surface around the outside of the
casing
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1.1 Casing string

Surface Casing
Primary function
Prevent fresh-water sands from being contaminated
with drilling mud, gas, oil or salt water
State and federal regulations for the protection of
underground fresh-water reservoirs are usually quite
specific about the setting depth of surface casing
Other functions
Maintain hole integrity by preventing cave-in and
washout of loose formations
Minimize lost circulation into shallow, permeable zones
Cover weak zones that are incompetent to control kick
imposed pressures
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1.1 Casing string

Intermediate Casing
Main function is to isolate problematic formations between the
surface casing setting depth and the production casing setting
depth that prevent the well from being drilled to the target depth
Possible problems;
Sensitive shale
Lost circulation zone
Abnormal pressure
Squeezing salt
Number of intermediate casing will depend on the number of

such problems encountered
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1.1 Casing string

Production Casing
It is either run through the pay zone or set just above it (open
hole completion).
Main purpose is to isolate the production interval from other
formation (e.g. water bearing sands) and to act as conduit for
production tubing
It should be thoroughly pressure tested before running the
completion since it forms the conduit for fluids to flow.
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1.1 Casing string

Liner
A liner is an abbreviated string of casing used to case open

hole below existing casing
It is a short casing string (less than 5000ft) which is

suspended from the inside of the previous casing string by a
device known as liner hanger
The liner hanger is attached to the top joint of the liner in the
string
It consists of a collar which has hydraulically or mechanically
set slips (teeth) which, after activated, grip the inside of the
previous casing
The slips support the weight of the liner and therefore the liner
does not have to extend back up to the wellhead
Liner may be used as intermediate or production string
Liners are often cemented in place, but production liners are
PCB3043
WELL DESIGN
& COMPLETION
JANUARY 2015
sometimes
suspended
in the well without cementing
1.1 Casing string

Types of Liner
Casing Liner
Casing liner is a section of
casing that is suspended
from the existing casing
(surface or intermediate
casing)
In most cases, it extends
downward from into the
open hole and overlaps the
existing pressure,
casing by lost
200 to
It is used to isolate abnormal formation
circulation zones, heaving shale400
andftsalt sections, and to
permit drilling below these zones without having well
problems
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1.1 Casing string

Types of Liner
Production Liner
Production liner is run instead of full casing
to provide isolation across the production
or injection zones
In this case, intermediate casing or drilling
liner becomes part of the completion string
Tie back Liner
The drilling liner is often used as part of the
production casing rather running an
additional full string of pipe from the
surface to the producing zone
The liner is tied-back or connected to the
surface by running the additional pipe
required to connect to the liner top
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1.1 Casing string

Types of Liner
Scab Liner
Scab liner is a section of casing used to
repair existing damaged casing.
It may be cemented or sealed with packers
at the top and bottom
Scab Tie-back Liner
This is a section of casing extending
upwards from the existing liner, but
which does not reach the surface and
normally cemented in place.
Scab tie-back liners are commonly used
with cemented heavy-wall casing to
isolate salt sections in deeper portions of
PCB3043
the WELL
well.DESIGN & COMPLETION
JANUARY 2015
1.1 Casing string

Liner
Pro/Cons
Shorter length of casing string (cost reduction)
Liner run on drill pipe (less rig time to run the string)
Liner can be rotated during cementing (improve mud
displacement and cement job)
Sometimes troublesome due to leakage
Disengagement from the run-in string may be difficult or
impossible
Poor primary cement job due to smaller clearance
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1.1 Casing string

Casing String Size
JANUARY 2015
1.2 Casing properties

What is your level?
API
OCTG
ISO
SMLS
ERW
OD
ID
WT
Csg
Tbg
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What is your level?
API- American Petroleum Institute
OCTG- Oil Country Tubular Goods
ISO- International Standardization
Organization
SMLS- Seamless
ERW- Electric Resistance Welding
OD- Outer Diameter
ID- Inner Diameter
WT- Wall thickness
Csg- Casing
Tbg- Tubing
JANUARY 2015

Standards
API 5CT:2011 / ISO 11960:2011 (Casing tubing)

API Bulletin 5C2 / TR 5C3 / ISO TR 10400:2007
(Formula)
API 5-CRA:2010 / ISO 13680:2010 (Chrome)
API RP 5C5:2003 / ISO 13679:2002 (Premium
connection testing)
JANUARY 2015

Standard- API 5CT
History
1st
Edition
197x
2nd
Edition
1981
(5A, 5AC,
5AX,
5AQ)
3rd Ed
1988
4th Ed
1992
5th Ed
1995
6th Ed
1999
7th Ed
9th
Edition
2011
(latest)
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API 5CT / ISO 11960
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API 5CRA / ISO 13860
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OCTG Tubular
1. Manufacturing
Type
Classification
Determines its manufacturing method
2. Size
. Indicates its nominal OD
. Imperial unit- inch
. SI unit- mm is uncommon except in certain places like
China or Japan
3. Weight
. Imperial unit- pound per foot or lbs/ft or #
. SI unit-kg/m is rare but exists in certain places
4. Grade
. Strength & type of material (carbon steel, low alloy steel,
stainless steel)
. Two main grades- API or Proprietary grades
5. Connection
. Type of connection to be threaded on the pipe ends
. DESIGN
Two main
grades- API and Proprietary premium JANUARY 2015
PCB3043 WELL
& COMPLETION

OCTG Tubular
1. ManufacturingClassification
Type
Seamless or Electric Resistance Welding (ERW)
2. Size
. 1.050 to 20
. 1.050 to 1.900 (macaroni tubing)
. 2 3/8 to 4 (tubing)
. 5 to 16 (casing)
. 18 5/8 to 36 (conductor)
3. Weight
. Light to heavy wall thickness (indicates weight)
. Example: 7 23# to 42.7#
4. Grade
. Strength, in terms of KSI (e.g. K55, L80, P110, SM13CRS-110,
SM2731)
. Corrosion (e.g. carbon steel, 13%Chrome, Duplex, Nickel
based alloy)
5. Connection
. DESIGN
API connectionBTC, EUE, 8rd, LTC, STC
PCB3043 WELL
& COMPLETION
JANUARY 2015

1. OCTGTwo basic processes
Seamless pipe Manufacturing Type
Seamless pipe is a wrought steel
pipe manufactured by a seamless
process.
A billet is pierced by a mandrel and
the pierced tube is subsequently
rolled and re-rolled until the desired
diameters are obtained
Welded pipe - Electric Resistance
Welding (ERW) and UO
In the electric welding processes,
flat sheet stock is cut and formed,
and the two edges are welded
together by electric flash or electric
resistance
welding
without adding
PCB3043
WELL DESIGN
& COMPLETION
JANUARY 2015

1. OCTGManufacturing Type
Large OD pipe cannot be made by seamless process

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1. OCTGSeamless
Pipe
WeldedType
Pipe (ERW & UO)
Manufacturing
Pros
Good quality (less

defects)
Wide variety of
material grade
Relatively cheaper
Excellent dimensional
accuracy (good for
expandable tubular)
Better availability
Cons
Relatively expensive
Limited availability
Lack dimensional
accuracy
Quality concern on weld-seam

(risk of leak & burst, not
suitable for sour service)
Inhomogenous mechanical
property
Limitation of YS (80-110)
Carbon steel only (CRA
cannot be welded)
Production casing
tubing
Conductor, surface and

intermediate casing
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Expandable tubular
Summ
ary

4. OCTG-Grade
Strength-API 5CT
API specifications simplify the selection and purchase of
steel tubular for most applications
API grades designation consist of a letter and a number
P-110
Arbitrarily selected, but at one
time used to uniquely defined a
specific grade-still used to
distinguish between grades
Specifies the Minimum

Yield Strength (MYS) of
tubular materials in KSI
or 000 psi
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4. OCTG-Grade
Strength-Proprietary
Manufacturers (steel mills) also provide proprietary grades
which are not governed by API specifications but of better
performances
It may have improved properties
High toughness at higher yield strength
Toughness at ultra low temperature (artic grade)
SSC resistance
Higher collapse resistance (High collapse grade)
Anti-corrosion performance against CO2/H2S/Cl- (CRA
grade)
Achieved by more stringent controls on certain
manufacturing processes (typically higher cost)
Manufacturers claim should be supported by extensive
PCB3043 WELL
DESIGN
& COMPLETION
testing
or have
been accepted by industry standardsJANUARY 2015

4. OCTG-Grade
Material
Basic Steel - (covered in 5CT)
Carbon steel (CS)
- all API grades
Low Alloy Steel (LAS) - <5% alloying
- API and Proprietary grades
Corrosion-Resistance Alloys (CRA) (covered in API 5CT
and API 5CRA)
Martensitic Stainless steel (MSS)
Duplex Stainless steel (DSS)
Nickel-based alloy (NI-based)
- mostly proprietary grade
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5. OCTG-Connection
Connection is to couple two ends of the pipes. It needs
to sustain high tensile load, to provide pressure
containment.
Two ends: Pin and Box
Box
Pin
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5. OCTG-Connection
Connection is to couple two ends of the pipes. It needs
to sustain high tensile load, to provide pressure
containment.
Two
groups:
connection and Premium
Integral joint (IJ)
Threaded
andAPI
Coupled
Connection
(T&C) with coupling
without
Semi flushcoupling Full

flush
-
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5. OCTG-Connection
Connection Design
Thread Form (shape of the
thread)
Taper
change in diameter of a
thread
Height
Distance between the crest
and the root of a thread
measured normal to the axis
PCB3043 WELL
DESIGN
& COMPLETION
of the
thread
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5. OCTG-Connection
Connection Design
Thread Form (shape of the
thread)
Lead
distance from one point on
the thread to the
corresponding point on the
adjacent thread and is
measured parallel to the
thread axis
Pitch Diameter
diameter of an imaginary
cone that bisects each thread
midway between its crest and
JANUARY 2015

5. OCTG-Connection
Connection Design
Thread Seal a joint must prevent
the leakage of the fluid/gas
Thread dope seal
gaps between the roots and
crests and between the flanks of
the mating surfaces are plugged
by a thread compound
(containing powered metals, also
provide lubrication)
Metal to metal seal
applying a makeup torque
sufficient to wedge the pin and
box together and cause
interference between the thread
elements
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5. OCTG-Connection
Connection Design
Tubular connection
Threaded connection
Welded connection
Descripti Thread form on pipe ends External connector

on
welded on the pipe body
Summar
y
Thread damage during

alignment of joints
Thread damage due to
excessive torque
Relatively slow make up
times of large diameter
pipe
Strength related to
casing/pipe grade
Limited tensile &
pressure capacity
Allowed for increased

stabbing/alignment
characteristic
Connector material was
independent prom pipe
grade
Increased internal
pressure and bending
load capacity
Less prone to thread
damage from excessive
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torque

5. OCTG-Connection
Connection Design
Joint efficiency (tensile strength of the joint divided by the
tensile strength of the pipe)
Jump out: separation of pin and box without damage to
the thread element
Fracture: threaded section separates from the pipe body
Thread shearing: stripping off of thread from the pin/box
JANUARY 2015

5. OCTG-Connection
API Connections
Pipe
Tubi
ng
Casi
ng
Connection
Non-Upset Threaded &
Coupled (NUE)
Upset
Not required
External-Upset Threaded
and Coupled (EUE)
Required
Integral Joint (IJ)
Required
Short Round Thread (STC)
Not required
Long Round Thread (LTC)
Not required
Buttress Thread (BTC)
Not required
Extreme-Line Thread
Required
Thread Form
Round Tubing
Round Casing
Buttress
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5. OCTG-Connection
API Connection (Tubing) NUE & EUE
NUE
EUE
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5. OCTG-Connection
API Connection (Tubing) IJ
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5. OCTG-Connection
API Connection (Casing) STC & LTC
JANUARY 2015

5. OCTG-Connection
API Connection (Casing) BTC & X-Line
BTC
X-Line
JANUARY 2015
Question
C
A
B
- Drilling Rig
- Production
Which
unit
one?
- Platform
JANUARY 2015
Answer
Drilling Rig
C
Production unit
A
B
Platform
JANUARY 2015

4. OCTG-Connection
Premium Connection
Features
Metal to metal seal
Torque shoulder
ID flush profile
Improved thread design
JANUARY 2015

4. OCTG-Connection
Premium Connection
Metal to metal
seal
Torque shoulder
ID flush profile
Improved thread
design
JANUARY 2015

4. OCTG-Connection
Premium Connection
Metal to metal seal
Torque shoulder
ID flush profile
Improved thread
design
JANUARY 2015

4. OCTG-Connection
Premium Connection
Metal to metal seal
Torque shoulder
ID flush profile
Improved thread
design
JANUARY 2015

4. OCTG-Connection
Premium Connection
Metal to metal seal
Torque shoulder
ID flush profile
Improved thread
design
JANUARY 2015

Casing Classification
No
Criteria
Example
Outside diameter
Material Grade
L-80
Nominal weight
47lb/ft
Wall thickness
Type to threads and couplings
API LCSG
Length of each joint (RANGE)
RANGE 3
13 3/8
0.5
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Casing Loads
There are different types of loads exerted on casing
during landing, cementing, drilling and production
operations
The most important loads on casing as specified by
API
1. Tensile
2. Burst
3. Collapse
The most important loads on casing as specified by
API
. The other loads are compression, wear, corrosion,
vibration and pounding by drillpipe, effects of gun
perforating and erosion.
JANUARY 2015

1. Casing LoadsTensile
Yield strength
tensile stress
required to
produce a total
elongation of
determined
percentage of the
gauge length (e.g.
0.5%)
Joint
strength
minimum
tensile force
required to
cause joint to
failure
Tensile load < min (Joint strength, casing

body yield strength)
JANUARY 2015
Sources of tension loads
1.
2.
3.
4.
Suspended weight of casing string

Bending force
Shock load
Pressure testing
JANUARY 2015
Suspended weight effective weight of the pipe
is reduced after immersed in drilling fluid due to
buoyancy
effect
JANUARY 2015
1. Casing LoadsSuspended weight

Tensile
Example
Calculate the suspended weight of 7000ft, L-80/47lb/ft
casing string in 12.5ppg mud
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1. Casing LoadsBending force casingTensile

is subjected to bending forces
when run in a deviated well. The lower surface of the pipe

stretches and is in tension. The upper surface shortens and
is in compression
Example
7 L-80/47lb/ft casing in a borehole of 3o/100ft dogleg

severity
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1. Casing LoadsShock load while running

the casing, it is subjected to
Tensile
acceleration loading by setting of the slips and
application of hoisting
brakes
(3.04ft/s)
JANUARY 2015

Shock load
Example
Consider sections of L-80, 47lb/ft casing being run into the borehole at
an average rate of 9s per 40ft. Calculate the shock load if the casing is
moving at its peak velocity when the slips are set
The is based on 3.04ft/s (13s per 40ft). Thus,
The peak running speed is twice the average, so the shock load is
JANUARY 2015

Pressure testing often carried out prior to drilling the
float collar and float shoe for the purpose of leakage

check. During pressure testing, extra tensional load is
exerted on each section.
Example
Calculate tension load due to pressure testing on a 7 L-80/38lb/ft
casing. (ID = 5.92in, burst resistance = 8,460psi)
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Safety
factor for tension should be
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2. Casing Loads-Burst
Sources of tension loads
1. Column of drilling fluid acting on the inside wall
of the pipe
2.
Kick imposed burst pressure if a kick occurs

during drilling operations
. Based on API, the burst pressure
resistance;
API allows 12.5% manufacturers

tolerance in the nominal wall thickness
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2. Casing Loads-Burst
Example
Calculate the burst rating of 9 5/8 N-80/47lb/ft casing
given that the wall thickness is 0.472
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3. Casing LoadsSources of tension loads

Collapse
1.
Hydrostatic head of the fluid column (mud &

cement slurry) outside the casing
2. Deformation of rocks (shale & salts)
. Strength of casing under external pressure depends
on
. Length
. Diameter
. Wall thickness
. Physical properties of the casing material (yield
point, elastic limit, youngs modulus, poissons
ratio ect)
. Axial loading
JANUARY 2015
Yield strength collapse

Plastic collapse
Transition collapse
Elastic collapse
Wall thickness
(do/t)
Casing strength
3. Casing LoadsCasing failure models

under collapse pressure
Collapse
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1.3 Wellhead &

Hangers
Wellhead
& Casing
hanger
All casing are suspended from a wellhead by using casing

hanger. For onshore and offshore platform, the wellhead is just
below the rig floor
For drilling offshore on a floating vessel, wellhead is installed at
the seabed
Main functions: to suspend the weight of the casing string,
to seal off the annulus between successive casing string,
as interface between the casing and BOP stack.
Two types of wellhead;
Spool
- require different set of spool for different casing sizes
- many seals (increase chances of pressure leak)
- BOP must be removed to install next casing spool
Compact
spool& COMPLETION
PCB3043
WELL DESIGN
JANUARY 2015
1.3 Wellhead &

Hangers
Wellhead
& Casing
hanger
Two types of wellhead;

Spool
- require different set of spool for different casing sizes
- many seals (increase chances of pressure leak)
- BOP must be removed to install next casing spool
Compact spool
- enable several casing strings to be suspended from a single
spool
Two types of casing hanger;
Mandrel
Slip type
JANUARY 2015
References
Fundamentals of casing design
By Hussain Rabia
Drilling Engineering
By Jamal J. Azar, G. Robello Samuel
Drilling Technology in Nontechnical Language
By Steve Devereux
Casing Design - Theory and Practice
By S.S. Rahman & G.V. Chilingarian
Casing and Cementing, 3rd Ed.
Casing and Liners for Drilling and Completion
By Ted G. Byrom
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design

Casing program
design
involve
The selection
of
Casing setting depth

Casing sizes
Grades of steel
Controlling factors
Geological conditions
Hole problems
Number and sizes of production tubing
Stock availability
Downhole production equipments
Company policy etc.
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design

Criteria
Maximum load criteria
Casing string is designed to withstand the worst

load conditions associated with drilling &
production operations
Most economic criteria
Combination string with multiple sections of

different steel grades, wall thickness and coupling
types
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design

Casing Setting
Depth
Conductor casing
No formula available since too many variables and complexity
Shallow well with hard surface soil (50-100ft) while soft formation
(200-250ft)
In absence of soil data, just do what everyone else does (similar
depth or deeper)
If critical well, get the soil data
Surface casing
Consider some factors (choose the deepest depth)
Pore pressure
Fracture pressure
Depth of freshwater zone
Legal regulations
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1.4 Casing Design

Casing Setting
Depth
Intermediate casing
Consider critical issues

Mud density
Overpressure
Presence of unstable and corrosive zones
Production casing
Type of completion
Fluid types
Producing zone depth
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design

Well
depth
(ft)
Pore
pressure
EMW
(ppg)
Fracture
pressure
EMW (ppg)
8.95
10.8
1000
8.95
11.2
2000
8.95
11.65
3000
8.95
12.7
4000
8.95
13.2
5000
8.95
13.35
6000
8.95
13.6
7000
8.95
14.2
8000
10.0
15.0
9000
11.45
15.55
10000
12.35
15.85
11000
13.30
16.15
12000
14.0
16.45
13000
14.45
16.75
13500 WELL DESIGN

14.7
16.9
PCB3043
& COMPLETION
Casing Setting
Depth
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design
At 10000ft
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1.4 Casing Design

1.
Casing Setting
Depth
Apply trip margin to pore
pressure and kick margin to
fracture gradient
2. Determine primary setting depth for each casing string

based on pore pressure and fracture gradient
3. Check for the likelihood of pipe-sticking due to
differential pressures for each casing string, adjust
casing setting depth if necessary
4. Check for kick imposed pressure at surface casing
shoe, adjust surface casing setting depth if necessary
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design

1.
Apply trip margin to pore pressure and kick margin to fracture gradient
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design

2.
Determine primary setting depth for each casing string based on pore
pressure and fracture gradient
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design

3.
Check for the likelihood of pipe-sticking due to differential pressures for

each casing string, adjust casing setting depth if necessary
Differential pressure for intermediate casing

Normal pressure zone, 8.95 ppg ends at 7000 ft. The intermediate
casing setting depth is 9500 ft, 12.4 ppg
ok
Differential pressure for production casing
ok
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design

4.
Check for kick imposed pressure at surface casing shoe, adjust surface
casing setting depth if necessary
At
Kick imposed pressure<fracture gradient !
Depth
(ft)
Kick imposed
pressure
gradient (psi/ft)
Fracture
pressure
gradient
(psi/ft)
3500
0.689
0.673
4000
0.681
PCB30435000
WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION
0.668
0.686
0.689
Surface casing
at 5000ft
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1.4 Casing Design

Final setting depth
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1.4 Casing Design
JANUARY 2015
1.4 Casing Design

Casing & Hole Size
Production Tubing string

Production rate and frictional pressure loss
Nodal analysis
No of casing string
Drilling conditions
Bit size/drift diameter
Borehole and hole cleaning
Cementing requirement
. annular clearance on 0.375 is sufficient (0.75 is preferable)
for cement to hydrate and strength development
JANUARY 2015

CH1 Casing2

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CH1 Casing2

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UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI PETRONAS

PETROLEUM ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

When was the first

Drilled by Col Edwin L. Drake

Drilled by PETRONAS Carigali Sdn.

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

Drilled by Shell in Miri (Canada Hill) aka Grand Old

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

1.1 Casing string

These pipes are run to

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

The first casing string to be run and consequently has

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

The first casing string to be run after conductor and generally

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

1.1 Casing string

Number of intermediate casing will depend on the number of

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

A liner is an abbreviated string of casing used to case open

It is a short casing string (less than 5000ft) which is

1.1 Casing string

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

1.1 Casing string

1.1 Casing string

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.1 Casing string

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.2 Casing properties

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.2 Casing properties

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.2 Casing properties

API 5CT:2011 / ISO 11960:2011 (Casing tubing)

1.2 Casing properties

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.2 Casing properties

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.2 Casing properties

PCB3043 WELL DESIGN & COMPLETION

1.2 Casing properties

1.2 Casing properties

1.2 Casing properties

1.2 Casing properties

Large OD pipe cannot be made by seamless process