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Idealistic Socialism,
Where governments stands?
Team Members
Jemshiya N.K
Muhammed Labeeb
Prashant
Rakesh K
Swathy Rajan
OVERVIEW
Continued..
CAPITALISM
HISTORY
Merchant Capitalism or Mercantilism
Industrial Capitalism
Industrial Revolution
Social Effects
Food And Nutrition: In Britain and the Netherlands food supply had been increasing and
prices falling before the Industrial Revolution due to better agricultural practices; however,
population was increasing as well, as noted by Thomas Malthus. Prior to the Industrial
Revolution, advances in agriculture or technology soon led to an increase in population,
which again strained food and other resources, limiting increases in per capita income. This
condition is called the Malthusian trap, and it was finally overcome by industrialization.
Housing: Living conditions during the Industrial Revolution varied from the splendor of
the homes of the owners to the squalor of the lives of the workers. Sanitary facilities were
nonexistent. The slum areas had extremely high population densities. It was common for
groups of unrelated mill workers to share rooms in very low quality housing where eight to
ten people may occupy a single room, which often had no furniture, with the occupants
sleeping on a pile of straw or sawdust.
Population Increase: According to Robert Hughes in The Fatal Shore, the population of
England and Wales, which had remained steady at 6 million from 1700 to 1740, rose
dramatically after 1740. The population of England had more than doubled from 8.3
million in 1801 to 16.8 million in 1850 and, by 1901, had nearly doubled again to 30.5
million. As living conditions and health care improved during the 19th century, Britain's
population doubled every 50 years. Europe's population increased from about 100 million
in 1700 to 400 million by 1900.
Continued..
Labor Conditions
Ordinary working people found increased opportunities for
employment in the new mills and factories, but these were often
under strict working conditions with long hours of labor
dominated by a pace set by machines.
Working conditions were miserable.
As late as the year 1900, most industrial workers in the United
States still worked a 10-hour day (12 hours in the steel industry),
yet earned from 20 to 40 percent less than the minimum deemed
necessary for a decent life.
Continued...
CAPITALISM
1. Private Ownership
2. Profit motive
3. Market Economy
CAPITALISM
1. Private
Ownership: Capital
belongs to
individuals who are
FREE to do what
they wish with it.
For this reason,
capitalism is also
called the freeenterprise system
CAPITALISM
2. Profit Motive:
based on the
economic laws of
supply and
demand, when
enough people want
something,
producers make it
because they want a
PROFIT
CAPITALISM
3. Market Economy: a
money value can be placed
on everything in the
marketplace: land, goods,
time, and labor. Buyers
and sellers are free to
exchange
goods
and
services
at
prices
determined
by..SUPPLY
and
DEMAND
Intellectual Father of
Capitalism who said:
Cons
Exploits people who
cannot compete.
Uneven distribution of
wealth.
Creates a money-oriented
society.
Constant economic growth
may deplete the earths
resources.
Effects of Capitalism
Criticisms of Capitalism
Responses to Capitalism
Socialism
Communism
SOCIALISM
Socialism
A socialist society would take the immense wealth of the rich and
use it to meet the basic needs of all society .
Continued..
Theres no blueprint for what a socialist society will look like.
But it seems obvious that:
Such a society would guarantee every person enough to eat
and a sturdy roof over their heads.
The education system would be made free.
Health care would be made free and accessible to all
Public transportation would also be made free.
The means of production--the factories, offices, mines, and
so on--would be owned by all of society .
HISTORY
Principles:
Equality of all
People
Cooperation is
better than
competition
at least in
industry
COMMUNISM:
extreme form of socialism
in which all people own
the means of production
as the state withers
away and produces a
classless society
Cons
No incentive to work
harder
No competition means no
reward to be innovative
New members to the
community (immigrants)
are seen as competition for
limited goods and services
Higher taxes
Republic of Cuba
Criticisms
Problem of bureaucracy, accountability.
High cost
Corruption
More Criticisms
capitalism vs socialism.flv
SOCIALISM AT
PRESENT
37
39
AFRICA
40
41
ASIA
42
UNITED STATES
45
LATIN AMERICA
46
47
CASE STUDIES
51
THE HISTORY
DIFFICULTIES AT THE BEGINNING
In 1610-1611 first
factories and trading
posts estableshed in India
to protect the areas in
Madres and Bombay.
In 1615, Sir Thomas Roe
was instructed by James I
to visit the Mughal
emperor Jahangir to
arrange for a commercial
treaty which would give
the Company exclusive
rights to reside and build
factories in Surat and
other areas
In return, the Company
offered to provide to the
emperor goods and
rarities from the
European market
First trip to China in
1637 by John Wedellen.
-Unsuccesful- The port
was only opened in 1685.
Main imports were: tea,
silk, porcelain.
This allowed any English firm to trade with India, unless specifically
prohibited by act of parliament, thereby annulling the charter that was
in force for almost 100 years
By an act that was passed in 1698, a new "parallel" East India Company
was floated under a state-backed indemnity of 2 million
However, the powerful stockholders of the old company quickly
subscribed a sum of 315,000 in the new concern, and dominated the
new body
The two companies wrestled with each other for some time, both in
England and in India, for a dominant share of the trade
It quickly became evident that, in practice, the original Company faced
scarcely any measurable competition
Both companies finally merged in 1702, by a tripartite indenture
involving them both as well as the state
THE TRANSFORMATION
FROM A TRADING
COMPANY TO A RULING
ENTERPRISE
1757- Control of Bengal - Sir Robert Clive - Battle of Plassey
Slowly, the company got the rights to collect revenues (llami
jvedelmek) and taxes from people in place of the Mughal
ruler.
During the famine of 1769-70, the East India Company did
absolutely nothing to help the people and the state of Bengal
was reduced from a rich state to an impoverished state.
Almost one third of the people died as a result of the famine.
OPIUM WARS
THE END
starting in 1955 as the guiding ideology in politics, economics, national defence, and
foreign policy.
North Korea has long had a socialized, centrally planned, and primarily industrialized
from the state through the Central Bank and is required to meet various operating
expenses with the proceeds from sales of its output.
Up to 50% of the "profit" is taxed, the remaining half being kept by the enterprise for
Continued..
Housing and food rations traditionally have been heavily
However, the party, state, and military elites have had much
better care than the average citizen, and there are great
inequalities among the various social classes.
THANK YOU
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