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ISSUE 1.0
Course Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to IMT-2000
Chapter 2 CDMA Fundamental
Chapter 3 Performance Enhancement Methods
Chapter 4 WCDMA FDD Mode
Confidential
2nd Generation
1990s (digital)
GSM
AMPS
TACS
Analog to Digital
NMT
CDMA
IS95
TDMA
IS-136
OTHERS
PDC
3G provides:
Complete integrated service
solutions
High bandwidth
Unified air interface
Best spectral efficiency and
a step towards PCS
Confidential
3rd Generation
current (digital)
UMTS
WCDMA
Voice to Broadband
CDMA
2000
TDSCDMA
1992:
1999.3:
1999.11:
completed
2000:
completed
Family
Standardization
Confidential
Target of IMT-2000
Global
seamless coverage
High
High
Easy
Providing
multimedia service
Confidential
Standards for 3G
CDMA2000
3GPP2
FDD mode
WCDMA
3GPP
FDD/TDD mode
Confidential
TD-SCDMA
3G system
CWTS
TDD mode
U.S.
Korea
Standard Radio
Transmission
Organization(RSO)
Technology(RTT)
TIA(TR 45.5)
cdma2000
T1
W-CDMA
TTA
TTA1(~cdma2000)
TTA2(~W-CDMA)
Japan
ARIB
W-CDMA
Europe
ETSI(SMG 2)
W-CDMA
China
CWTS
TD-SCDMA
Confidential
1900
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2010 MHz
ITU
IMT 2000
IMT 2000
MSS
2170 MHz
IMT A2000
1910
1885
1890
1895
EF
1865
1870
C PHS
D B
FDD
WLL
1918
1895
1885
1865
Japan
USA
CDMA
1980
FDD TDD
WLL WLL
1960
CDMA
1965
1970
1975
GSM
1800
2025MHz
cellular(2)
1945
cellular(2)
MSS
1850
Confidential
1900
1950
EF
IMT A2000
MSS
2000
MSS
2165 MHz
1990 MHz
PCS
A
MSS
1980 MHz
1920
cellular(1)
UMTS
MSS
1880 MHz
1945
1805 MHz
China
UMTS
1930
Europe
2170 MHz
2110 MHz
2025 MHz
1885 MHz
MSS
Broadcast auxiliary
2050
2100
Reserve
215
0
MSS
220
0
225
0
ITU Identifications
850
1700
1750
1800 1850
1900
IMT 2000
1950
2000
2050
2100
2150
2200
2250
2500
2550
Cellular
GSM
GSM 1800
GSM
PDC
Confidential
MSS
IMT 2000
MSS
UMTS
MSS
UMTS
MSS
UMTS
IMT 2000
MSS
IMT 2000
MSS
IMT 2000
IMT 2000
MSS
IMT2000
IMT 2000
MSS
IMT 2000
IMT 2000
PCS
A D B EF C
UPCS
Cellular
IMT 2000
IMT 2000
PHS
Americas***
1000
DECT
Japan,
Korea (w/o PHS)
950
Europe
China**
900
MSS
A D B EF C
Reserve
MSS
IMT 2000
conversational
streaming
interactive
background
Time delay
Confidential
Course Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to IMT-2000
Chapter 2 CDMA Fundamental
Chapter 3 Performance Enhancement Methods
Chapter 4 WCDMA FDD Mode
Confidential
2.1
2.2
Access
Technology
and
Duplex Technology
2.3
Confidential
Multi-path Environment
Transmitted
signal
Received
signal
Time
Confidential
Fading
Transmitted
Received
0
-5
-10
dB
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
Confidential
Signal
Signal
Fading
Received Power(dBm)
Fast fading
-20
Slow fading
-40
-60
10
Confidential
20
30
Distance(m)
P(f)
Fading
Narrowband
System
Transmit Signal
Received Signal
P(f)
P(f)
Fadin
g
Broadband
System
Transmit Signal
Confidential
Received Signal
Electromagnetic
transmission
reflection,scattering,
diffraction
Confidential
Static Channel
Indoor Channel
Moving Channel
Birth-death Channel
Confidential
2.1
2.2
Access
Technology
and
Duplex Technology
2.3
Confidential
access technology
Duplex
technology
Confidential
cy
en
u
eq
Fr
TDMA
Power
Tim
e
FDMA
Power
Us
e
U
Us ser r
Us e r
Us e r
er
Us
er
Tim
Confidential
eq
Fr
y
nc
e
u
e
qu
e
r
F
y
nc
High
soft
Spectral Efficiency
capacity
Quality
Coverage
Interference
Self-interference
system
Confidential
Source
coding
Channel
coding
Spreading
Modulation
Radio channel
Source
decoding
Confidential
Channel
decoding
Despreading
Demodulation
2.1
2.2
Access
Technology
and
Duplex Technology
2.3
Confidential
correlation
EXAMPLE:
+1
0
-1
+1
0
-1
+1
0
-1
+1
0
-1
Confidential
-1 1 -1 1
-1 1 -1 -1
1 1 1 1
1 correlation
Identical signals
-1 1 -1 1
11 11
-1 1 -1 1
Zero correlation
Orthogonal signals
OVSF&Walsh
Cch,1,0 = (1)
Cch,4,2 = (1,-1,1,-1)
Cch,2,1 = (1,-1)
Cch,4,3 = (1,-1,-1,1)
SF = 1
Confidential
SF = 2
SF = 4
Autocorrelation
Example:
-1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1
Correlation
Delay time
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Delay time (chip)
sequence
-1 -1 -1 1 1 -1 1
-1 -1 1 1 -1 1 -1
-1 1 1 -1 1 -1 -1
1 1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1
1 -1 1 -1 -1 -1 1
-1 1 -1 -1 -1 1 1
1 -1 -1 -1 1 1 -1
correlation
1
-1/7
-1/7
-1/7
-1/7
-1/7
-1/7
Confidential
clong,1,n
MSB
LSB
clong,2,n
Confidential
Data
-1
Chip
Spreading
1
Spreading code
-1
1
Spreading signal
=Datacode
-1
Despreading
Spreading code
Data
=Spreadingcode
Confidential
1
-1
1
-1
-1
1
Spreading code
-1
1
-1
8
-8
1
-1
8
Confidential
-8
P(f)
P(f)
Narrowband signal
P(f)
Broadband signal
f
Noise
Recovered signal
Signal
Combination
P(f)
f
Confidential
Noise+Broadband signal
Spreading code
P(f)
f
Correlator 1
Correlator 2
Combiner
Receive set
The combined
signal
Correlator 3
Calculate the
time delay and
signal strength
Searcher correlator
s(t)
s(t)
Confidential
I
Correlator
Code
generators
Phase
Rotator
Delay
Equalizer
Channel
estimator
Path 1
Path 2
Path 3
Matched
Filter
Confidential
Combiner
Advantages of CDMA
RAKE
receiver is adopted
frequency
Higher
diversity
Great
High
spectral efficiency
Supporting
Confidential
Course Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to IMT-2000
Chapter 2 CDMA Fundamental
Chapter 3 Performance Enhancement Methods
Chapter 4 WCDMA FDD Mode
Confidential
Reduce
Improve
Increase
Macroscopic
diversity
Microscopic
Confidential
diversity
Microscopic Diversity
Time
diversity
Frequency
diversity
Space
diversity
Receive diversity
Transmit diversity
Polarization
diversity
Vertical polarization
Horizontal polarization
Confidential
Equal-Gain
Combiner
Selection
Combiner
Combiner
Confidential
Confidential
b0 b1 b2 b3
Antenna 1
b0 b1 b2 b3
-b2 b3 b0 -b1 Antenna
Channel bits
STTD encoded channel bits
for antenna 1 and antenna 2.
Confidential
Slot #0
Antenna 1
Slot #1
acp
acs
acp
i,0
Antenna 2
acs
acp
acs
Confidential
Slot #2
i,1
i,2
Slot #14
acp
acs
i,14
w1
Spread/scramble
DPCCH
Ant1
CPICH1
Tx
DPCH
Ant2
DPDCH
Tx
w2
CPICH2
Rx
w1
w2
Weight Generation
Confidential
Rx
BER
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
5
10
S NR dB)
Confidential
15
Smart Antenna
Reduce
interference
Increase
interference
Wanted signal
Confidential
Smart Antenna
Omni antenna
Confidential
Directional antenna
Smart antenna
Course Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction to IMT-2000
Chapter 2 CDMA Fundamental
Chapter 3 Performance Enhancement Methods
Chapter 4 WCDMA FDD Mode
Confidential
bandwidth: 5MHz
rate: 3.84Mcps
Frame
Voice
length: 10ms
Uplink
Coherence
Fast
Handover:
soft/hard handover
Support
synchronous
operation
Confidential
and
asynchronous
NodeB
Compatible
Comparatively
Support
Support
Support
Confidential
4.75Kbps ~ 12.2Kbps
Adopt
system capacity
Provide
Fast
power control
Confidential
Support
packet switch
Adopt
Provide
QoS
Common
Packet
Channel(CPCH)
and
Downlink
Share
Provide
Confidential
Confidential