PC INSTALATION

Vocational Competence
Class X Semester 1
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Demand and
Specification Planning

COMPETENCE MAPING
Dasar Kejuruan

Level I ( Kelas X )

Merakit Personal
Komputer
Melakukan instalasi
sistem operasi dasar
Menerapkan K 3 LH

Kl
ik

Di
sin

Level II ( Kelas XI )

Level III ( Kelas XII )

Menerapkan teknik elektronika

analog dan digital dasar

Melakukan instalasi perangkat

jaringan lokal (Local Area
Network)

Melakukan instalasi perangkat

jaringan berbasis luas (Wide Area
Network)

Menerapkan fungsi
peripheral dan instalasi PC

Mendiagnosis permasalahan
pengoperasian PC yang
tersambung jaringangnosis

Mendiagnosis permasalahan perangkat

yang tersambung jaringan berbasis luas
(Wide Area Network)

i
Mendiagnosis permasalahan
pengoperasian PC dan
periferal

Melakukan perbaikan dan/ atau

setting ulang koneksi jaringan
an

Membuat desain sistem

keamanan jaringan

Melakukan perbaikan dan/

atau setting ulang sistem PC

Melakukan instalasi sistem operasi

jaringan berbasis GUI (Graphical User
Interface) dan Text

Melakukan perbaikan dan/ atau setting

ulang koneksi jaringan berbasis luas
(Wide Area Network)

Melakukan perbaikan periferal

Melakukan perawatan PC

Melakukan instalasi sistem operasi

berbasis graphical user interface (GUI)
dan command line interface (CLI)

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Mengadministrasi server
dalam jaringan

Merancang bangun dan

menganalisa Wide Area
Network
Merancang web data base
untuk content server

Melakukan instalasi software

Lulus

Learning Objectives
Explain peripheral function which
integrated in a PC.
Make a list of PC demand and
specification planning

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INPUT DEVICE

KEY BOARD

Keyboard

Standard of letter, number, and punctuation layout is known as

keyboard QWERTY because the first six letters are QWERTY. Other
keyboard design with quick-typed position letter layout is Dvorak

There is no computer keyboard standard. There are three PC

keyboards, e.g: original PC keyboard with 84 buttons, AT keyboard
with 84 buttons, and enhanced keyboard with 101 buttons.

There are several types of keyboard for Apple Macintosh. All are
known as ADB (Apple Desktop Bus/ADB). Two types of Macintosh
keyboard are known as Standard Keyboard and extended keyboard
plus 15 additional buttons of specific function.

Mouse
Found by Douglas Engelbart of Standford Research
Center in 1963 and published by XEROX in 70s.
Three types of mouse:
Mechanic: use metal or rubber ball under the case to roll
mouse. Mechanical censor detects direction of ball
movement and move cursor to same direction.
Optical: use laser to detect mouse movement. Mouse is
moved on a specific grid base as the optical reference. It
does not use mechanical movement component. This is
faster and more accurate compared to mechanical and
optomechanical mouse but it is more expensive.

Mouse
Optomechanic:
Similar with mechanic mouse but it uses
optical censor to detect ball movement.

Scanner
A device which able to read text or illustration printed on
paper and transfer them into digital information so that
computer can read it. It digitalizes image it is divided
into small boxes and each box represent null or one
depend on its content (for color and gray scales it is
performed by representing up to 24 bit). The result is
matrix bit called bitmap, can be saved in file, displayed
on screen or manipulated by program.

Scanner
Optical Scanner does not distinguish between
text and illustration, both of them are assumed
as image and represented by bitmap. Therefore,
text can not be directly edited but it should be
read by optical character recognition (OCR)
which translate the text into ASCII character.
Most of the recent scanners are equipped with
OCR.

Scanner
Scanners can be distinguished by:
scanning technology: Most of scanners use matrix of charge-coupled
device (CCD) which developed by using a line of light receptor that able
to detect light clearance intensity and its frequency. The better quality of
CCD matrix the better quality the scanner will be. In industrial
environment there is a drum scanner applying photomultiplier tube
(PMT) technology, but this technology is more expensive that CCD
matrix.
resolution: Bitmap is denser, higher resolution. Scanner typically has 72
to 600 dpi of resolution.

Bit depth Number of bit used to represent each pixel.

The deeper it is the more color or gray scale it has.
Example: color scanner 24 bit can represent 2 up to 24
square of color (16,7 million). Note: That much of color
range is useless since the CCD matrice actually detect
limited color.
Size and shape: Some handy scanners is called halfpage scanner since it only can scan 2 to 5 inch per time.
This kind of scanner is suitable for scanning small image
or photo but it is not appropriate to scan full page of text
or graphic.

Bar Code Reader

Barcode reader is one of computer peripheral used to
read barcode on a surface. Similar with flatbed scanner,
barcode reader consist of light source, lens and photo
conductor translating optical impulse into electrical impulse.
Recently, almost barcode readers produced are equipped
with decoder circuit to analyze barcode image produced by
photo conductor and send barcode content to scanner
output port. Nevertheless, it is different with flatbed
scanner, optical component of barcode scanner is not
dynamic as one dimension barcode and it can scan
simultaneously.

TouchScreen
Types of display screen which have panel
covering transparent screen and sensitively
touched. Beside using pointing device such as
mouse or light pen, finger can also point
directly to object on screen. Although the
touch screens gives the best way of
communication with computer, it has
disappropriateness on the application because
fingers is relatively big. It is impossible to point
directly to small objects on the screen. Beside
it gradually generates exhausted arm.

Bar Code Reader

There are several types of barcode scanners, e.g:

based on light source

LED scanner
Known as CCD scanner Though CCD is actually photo conductor.
laser scanner
More expensive than LED scanner but it can scan barcode from 25 cm.
Based on case:
handheld scanner
Use a handle and trigger button to get light source.
pen scanner or wand scanner
Pen scanner which scratch across the barcode
stationary scanner
Scanner attached on wall or table and barcode is passed in front of or under it. It is most
found in supermarket or stores.
Most of barcode reader use PS/2 as an output connection. Wire is connected to keyboard
port with specific combination. Barcode character is received by computer through
keyboard. Most of reader use connection through port RS-232 but nowadays USB is
getting familiar.

Track Pen/Stylus
Stylus (plural: styli) is a writing tool. It usually refer to modern
pen. Some of it are slim as a pencil so it is easier in use.
Etimology
Stylus is adapted from latin stilus Etruscan means stulos
(fence)
Function
Styli is used to carve metal or clay with ink. In Old Rome, styli
is used to make a carve on candle plate. "Stylus" is also a term
used in recording industry for phonograpf or gramophone
needle to play or record a song from analog plate or master
record.
Recently, "stylus" is frequently used as input method in PDA. It
is used without ink to write on touch screen.

OCR & OMR

Optical Mark Recognition is a computer method to read
data from a form. It is generally differed from OCR, it does
not need recognizing machine. One of application on OMR
is pencil 2B used to blacken the test form when students do
an examination. Another example is MICR recognizing
number scanned through a barcode.
Recent improvement of OMR is the ability to read various
barcode called matrix code. Example: UPS, a package
expedition, print 2Dimension barcode called bulleye in every
package. Image bulleye contains data error detection which
allow acurate reading though the pattern of printing is
damage.
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Most of the application of OMR recently work

mechanically using differential image such as
barcode. Several application involve users in
filling special form. This form is optimized to
be scanned by computer during the printing
with accurate design in order to minimize error
as low as possible. Therefore, this technology
is cheaper, minimal error, and the most
popular to count vote.

Depan

Digital Camera
Camera functioning to save digital image which
can be downloaded into computer system. One
of digital photo format is Photo CD format which
developed by Kodak. Most of digital camera use
CCD to capture image while the newest ones
generally use chip CMOS.

Monitor/Display
It is also named display screen.
There are many ways to classify monitors. Basic color is
the one to classify monitor into 3 different classes:
Monochrome: Monitor which only have two output color,
background and foreground. The colors could be black
and white, green and black, or amber and black.
Gray-scale: Is a monochrome monitor which is able to
display different color in gray scale.
Colour: Is the monitor which is able to display 16 to
million different color. It is usually called RGB monitor
since it can receive different signal of red, green, and
blue.

Printer
Printer is a printing tool for text and illustrations. As the technology used,
printer is classified into:
daisy-wheel: the printer has metal or plastic wheel which contain letters.
It can not print graphic.
dot-matrix: make a character by pressing pin onto printing ribbon. Every
pin forms dot and its combination to form character and illustration.
ink-jet: spraying ink onto printing paper. The result is highly qualified.

Printer
laser: using same technology as the copy
machine. The quality of text and graphic printing
is excellent.
LCD & LED: similar with laser printer but it uses
crystal liquid or light-emitting diode to produce
image on drum.
line printer: consist of character chain or pin
which can print a line at once. It works fast but
low in quality.
thermal printer: working with hot pin technology
pressed onto paper sensitive to heat. This is
usually used in calculator or faximile.

Printer
Printers are also classified by the following
characteristics:
quality of type: The output produced by printers is
said to be either letter quality (as good as a typewriter),
near letter quality, or draft quality.
speed: Measured in characters per second (cps) or
pages per minute (ppm), the speed of printers varies
widely.

Printer
impact or non-impact: Impact printers include all
printers that work by striking an ink ribbon.
graphics: Some printers (daisy-wheel and line
printers) can print only text. Other printers can print
both text and graphics.
fonts : Some printers, notably dot-matrix printers,
are limited to one or a few fonts. In contrast, laser
and ink-jet printers are capable of printing an almost
unlimited variety of fonts.

Plotter
A hardware to create image on paper based on
computer instruction. Plotter is different with
printer when drawing line using a pen. The result,
line becomes unified. As printer makes line consist
of dot combination. Multicolor plotters use pens
different in color to produce various color.
In general, plotter is more expensive than printer.
Beside, plotter is used on technique application
which needs high accuracy.

Harddisk
Harddisk is a device made of oxidant metal, an
axis, read and write head, electrical motor, and
IC in one package.

Hard vs. floppy

Harddisk uses metal plat covered oxide with
more integrated unit than floppy. Therefore
harddisk has ability to record more data and
faster in transfering data.

Disk
Floppy disk is data storage device consist of thin film,
flexible magnetic media covered with hard square plastic.
It is written and read using floppy disk drive or FDD

Tape and Cartridge

Magnetic tape is one of data storage media
made of plastic tape with oxide layer. Almost
all of recording type device uses such tape,
such as video cassette recorder, audio storage
(reel-to-reel tape, compact audio cassette,
digital audio tape/DAT and other format
including cartridge 8-track) or other digital data
storage using computer.
Magneto-optical and optical tape storage
are produced using similar concept with
magnetic storage, but it is not commercially
successful.

CD ROM
CD-ROM stands for "Compact Disc Read-Only
Memory" (ROM) ) is a data storage media which is
non-volatile using physical format such as audio
compact discs, it can be read by CD-ROM motor. The
surface of CD-ROM is flat, made of plastic disk with
digital data recording from inside circle to outer.

Manufacture
CD can be burned if data is small or
pressed if data is huge.

CD ROM
microscopic

Information

Information

Saving capacity: 650MB

Read

CD

Loudspeaker
Loudspeaker is a device conversing electrical signal
into sound.

PC ASSEMBLAY
PC ASSEMBLAY
( VIDEO )

Computer Work Safety

Vocational Competence
Class X Semester 1
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Learning Objectives
Students are able to install PC component
well and safely.
Students are able to acknowledge
dangerous action in installing PC
component

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Preparation and Work Safety

during PC Assembly

1.
2.
3.

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Screw driver, pliers, AVO meter (if any), soldering tool, tin, tape,
wire binder, and notebook. Both soldering tool and AVO meter are
rarely used when component used is still good condition.
Curent measurement and voltage of electricity is only conducted
when the component used is a used component which no view
good or not.
AVO meter should not be used when motherboard is still in good
condition because the point of measurement has not been known.
Recklesness can cause fatal damage.

Preparation and Work Safety

during PC Assembly

4.

5.

When you use new component, you do not need to perform curent
and voltage measurement by AVO meter. AVOmeter may be
needed to recognize electricity voltage in home electricity network.
When you recognize, look at the power supply of computer (in the
case) whether it is already set to voltage scale appropriate to
surrounding voltage or not. If the power suply is automatic, you will
not need to be worried. If it is semi automatic, you probably need
to set the scale position of 24 voltage to voltage position
appropriate to surrounding.

Steps of PC Installation

Motherboard preparation
Prosessor installation
Heatsink installation
Modul Memori installation
Installing Motherboard on Casing
Installing Power Supply
Installing Motherboard wire and Casing
Installing Drive
Installing adapter card
Finishing

Safety
Safety action is needed to avoid problem such as
component damage by static electricity capacity,
dropped, heat or liquid dropped. Prevention of
damage with static electricity cause can be:
Use anti-static bracelet or touch metal on the case
before holding component to throw static capacity.
Do not touch electronic, connector komponent or
sircuit path but hold metal or platic contained in
component.

BIOS Setting

Vocational Competence
Class X Semester 1
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Basic Competence
Arranging PC components using software
through BIOS setup and components
activation by software

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Learning Objectives
Student are able to acknowledge BIOS in all
kinds of PC
Students are able to operate BIOS in order to
activate and inactivate PC.

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Definition
Basic Input Output System is a firmware.
BIOS is used to manage PC component by using
software or frequently known as jumper less.
Not all of PC component can be managed by BIOS,
only the main and integrated component with
mainboard

Main Screen
The right side is an example of the
main screen of the Phoenix - Award
CMOS setup. This section of the CMOS
setup enables the user to access each
of the other sections of the BIOS.
Because of the amount of available
illustrations for each of the difference
screens, we have created a menu to
the right of this illustration that will
allow you to easily skip to other
sections of the setup.

STANDARD CMOS FEATURES

The Standard CMOS
features is the most
commonly used area of this
BIOS and enables a user to
set the time, date, disk drive
settings, and other
commonly set values.

ADVANCED BIOS
FEATURES
Another commonly
accessed area of
the BIOS, the
Advanced BIOS
Features section
enables a user to
change numerous
settings in their
computers BIOS.

INTEGRATED PERIPHERALS

Component Activation through

Operation System

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Right-click on my computer --> properties

The uninstalled component will be seen on
warning box
Right click on such component icon then click
update driver.
Choose advanced to define manually the
driver position from component.
If the driver is properly installed, the
installation process will completed, then it can
be operated.

Connecting Peripheral
Using Software

Vocational Competence
Class X Semester 1
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Learning Objectives
Students are able to explain peripheral needed to
connect peripheral.
Students are able to explain connection procedures in
appropriate.
Students are able to explain peripheral setting using
software.

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Definition
Computer peripheral is an additional equipment
needed for other demands of computer, such as
networking, printing, capturing, etc. It comprises
printer, scanner, modem, network card, etc.

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Installation
Peripheral installation comprises physical and software
installation.
Physical installation includes appropriate peripheral installation.
Software installation includes peripheral adaptation to operating
system e.g. installing demanded driver.

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Reference:

Video : Cisco Academi

Contain : Modul TKJ spectrum 2009 ( Dikmenjur )
Modul TKJ Kur 2004 ( Dikmenjur )
Cisco Academi

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