DATA COLLECTION

OF HOSPITAL
IPS ACADEMY
YCMOU

HOSPITAL & PLANNING

Ahospitalis ahealth careinstitution

providingpatienttreatment by
specialized staff and equipment.
During planning similar characterstics
are grouped together , basically 2
main groups are divided :

Inpatient
Outpatient

TYPES OF HOSPITAL :
General
The best-known type of hospital is the general hospital, which is
set up to deal with many kinds of disease and injury, and normally
has an emergency department to deal with immediate and urgent
threats to health. A general hospital typically is the major health
care facility in its region, with large numbers of beds for intensive
care and long-term care; and specialized facilities for surgery,
plastic surgery, childbirth, bioassay laboratories, and so forth.

Specialized
Types of specialized hospitals include trauma centers,
rehabilitation hospitals, children's hospitals, seniors' (geriatric)
hospitals, and hospitals for dealing with specific medical needs
such as psychiatric problems (see psychiatric hospital), certain
disease categories, and so forth.

Teaching
A teaching hospital combines assistance to patients with
teaching to medical students and nurses and often is linked to a
medical school, nursing school or university.

Clinics
A medical facility smaller than a hospital is generally called a
clinic, and often is run by a private partnership of physicians (in

SPECIALISED
CARDIAC
TRAUMA
MATERNITY
ORTHOPEDIC
DENTAL
NEUROLOGY
NEUPHROLOGY
EYE SPECIALIST
CANCER
FERTILITY
PLASTIC SURGICAL
ENT
DIAGNOSTIC CENTRE

DIFFERENCES:
HOSPITAL
A hospital is what is

often referred to a
tertiary medical
facility. People
admitted to hospital
require acute medical
services. They have
greater levels of
trained staff (MD, RN,
EEN, Physio, OT,
Pharm).

NURSING HOME
Nursing homes are

specific to long term or

end of life care. They are
designed to momic the
home environment and
are usually specifically
for the aged in society.
They use fewer trained
staff (RN, EEN) and lots
of manually trained staff
(AIN or Cert 4).

STAFF MEMBERS:
Director
Senior Doctors
Specialists
Visiting Doctors
Junior Doctors
Interns
Nurses
Ward boys
Receptionists
Cleaning Staff
Security Staff
Chemist
Ambulance Driver
Lift man
Accountant
Insurance Agents

F
L
O
W
C
H
A
R
T

OUT-PATIENT
DEPARTMENT
Information Desk
Back office
Cash counter
Waiting
OPD CHAMBERS :
--GYENIC
--PEDRIATIC
--ORTHOPEDIC
Diagnostic Centre
Medical Store

DIAGNOSTIC
CENTRE

M.R.I.

X-RAY

SONOGRAPH
Y

RADIOLOGY

M.R.I. REQUIRES A BASIC SPACE OF

X-RAY REQUIRES A BASIC SPACE OF
CONSOLE ROOM

20*20
12*15
6*8

FLOWCHART
OUTPATIENT

FOR

Information
desk

Gyenic

Diagnostic
centre

Waiting

Orthopaedic

Physiothera
py

Cardiac

ECG/TMT/
CATH LAB

OPD

FLOWCHART FOR
CARDIAC PATIENT
ICCU
INPATIENT
DIALYSIS

CARDIAC
OPD

ECG/TMT

CARDIAC HOSPITAL
Cardiac Surgery
Cardiology
Robotic Surgery
CHEST PAIN CLINIC
ECG
Treadmill test
Laboratory medicine
Preventive Cardiology

and Medicine
Physiotherapy
console
Sterilization
Cath Lab

MATERNITY

Ante Room
Labour Room
Delivery Room
O.T
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Feeding Room

DENTAL DEPARTMENT
PERIO-DONTICS CLINIC
COMMUNITY & PREVENTIVE DENTISTRY
ORTHODONTICS CLINIC
PROSTHETIC CROWN CLINIC
ORAL DIAGNOSIS

PERIO
DONTICS
CLINIC

OPERATION INFRASTRUCTURE
Doctors room
Nurses Room
Lockers / Changing Room
Preparation Room
Store
Clean Utility
Sterilization Room
Dirty utility
Procedure Room
Suction Machine / Refuge
Shoot

OPERATION THEATRE:
TYPES

MAJOR
THERE ARE VARIOUS ASPECTS TO BE
NOTIFIED DURING INTERIOR OF AN
OPERATION THEATRE :
FLOORING
WALL PANELS
LUMINOUS INTENSITY
AIR HANDLING UNIT
CEILING PANELS
INFRASTRUCTURE
ELECTRICAL & PLUMBING LAYOUTS
PAINT

MINOR

Organization of surgical department

Every surgical department requires following
room :
Operation theatre 40-48 m sq.
Entry room 18-20 sq. m
Exit room 15-20 sq. m
Washroom 12-15 sq. m
Equipment room 10-12 sq. m

LATEST TREND IN OT:

STAINLESS STEEL IS USED AS
CEILING & PANELING
MATERIAL IN LATEST TRENDS
SINCE BEING BACTERIAL FREE
& EFFECTIVE IN
MAINTENANCE.

WHY STAINLE
SS STEEL?

Anesthetics Room
Approx size 3.8 x 3.8 m
Should have electric sliding doors connecting to

operation theatre with minimum width 1.4 m

The room should be equipped with :
1. Refrigerator
2. Draining sink (sluice)
3. Rinsing line
4. Cupboards for canulas
5. Connections for anesthesia equipments and
emergency powers.

POST SURGICAL
Physiotherapy
Audio Visuals
Traction Room

MUSCLE STIMULATOR

TYPES OF ROOMS:
Ante Room
Preparation Room
Procedure Room
Police Cabin
First Aid Room
Clean Utility
Dirty Utility
Intensive Care Unit
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Psychiatric Intensive Care Unit
Recovery Room
Isolation Room
Dark Room
Labour Room
Feeding Room
Nurses Room
General Ward

GENERAL
CATEGORIZED

TYPE OF NURSING
UNIT :
GENERAL NURSING UNIT
PEDIATRIC NURSING UNIT
OBSTETRICAL NURSING UNIT
PSYCHIATRIC INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
ISOLATION NURSING UNIT
INTENSIVE CARE UNIT
NEONATAL INTENSIVE CARE UNIT

Types Of SerVices
Plumbing lines
Electrical Lines
Fire Lines
Air Handling Unit Plant
Building Management System
Oxygen Lines
Refuge Shoot
Waste Management system
Pest management
Centralized medical gas system

AIR HANDLING UNIT

Generally, hospitals tend to
have a large number of
relatively small air-handling
units, each serving a
specific function within the
building. The special
technical demands include
hygiene, reliability, safety
and energy-related issues.

Four main factors affect the local concentration

around a person in a room:
Firstly, the concentration of particles would tend
to increase with rate of production of particles in
the room;
Secondly, the proportion of supply and exhaust air
quantity in relation to the size of the room;
Thirdly, the level of filtration of the supplied air
will affect the ability of the ventilation system to
dilute the room air particle concentration; and
Fourthly, air turbulence and air movement in the
room can transport particles so the method of air
distribution will affect local concentrations.
The last three of these are attributes of the ventilation

BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

CCTV CAMERA
ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM
PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
SMOKE DETECTORS
EPABX
SPRINKLERS
A/B/C FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
SERVER ROOM
PEST MANAGEMENT :: (anti-termite

treatment)
Solar system

CENTRALIZED MEDICAL GAS

SYSTEM:
Gases administered to patient are called

medical gases.
The centralized medical gas system provides
an efficient economic & dependable medical
life support system i.e. oxygen & nitrous oxide
, vaccum & compressed air to operating &
special procedure room,ICU, isolation rooms &
patient floors.
It is a system of piping that extends to the
point in hospital where medical gases are
required and used.

OPD

OT
Doctor
EMERGENCY

INPATIENT
WARDS

INPATIENT WARD

NURSE
STATION

WITH
DOCTOR

OT
INPATIENT WARDS

ICU

WITHOUT
DOCTOR

EXAMINATION
ROOM
NURSES STATION

NURSE
EXAMINATION
ROOM

Executive
unit

Conference
& Board
Meeting

Public
Relations
Unit

Administrativ
e Residents

Professional
Services Unit

Nursing
Service
Administrati
on Unit

Volunteer
Services

ADMINISTRATIVE CORRIDOR
Human Resource
Management Unit

Materials
Management Unit

Waiting Area
(Job Applicants & vendors)

Financial
Management Unit

DEPLOYMEN
T
FLOWCHART
EXAMPLE

LIGHTING & RELATED ASPECTS

Cost, budget
User satisfaction (expressed by reduction of complaints)
Impact of lighting quality on productivity through reduction
of failures, higher
satisfaction and less fatigue
Reduction of maintenance through improved quality of
equipment
Impact of lighting on security issues
Impact of lighting on feeling of safety
ENVIRONMENTAL NEEDS

Reduction of power consumption for lighting

through efficient light sources

and luminaries
Ability of lighting system to minimize peak load
demand (use of daylight,
adjusted power consumption)
Lighting controls (use of daylight, use of occupancy
sensors)
Reduction of harmonics and power losses in
electricity distribution networks
Reduction of resources for making lamps
(increased life of sources)

RAMP SLOPE:
RAMP SLOPE ACCORDING TO U.S.A &

U.K. NORMS HAS TO BE -- 1:12 FOR

HOSPITAL PURPOSE OF CARRYING
PATIENTS THROUGH WHEEL CHAIRS OR
OTHER FURNITURES.

USE OF COLOURS
Color therapy, also known as chromo

therapy, is used by alternative health

practitioners who use color to balance
energy wherever our bodies are lacking,
be it physical, emotional, spiritual, or
mental.

WHY IS GREEN COLOUR

PREFERRED IN HOSPITALS?
Initially, all scrubs and drapes were

white. People quickly became aware that

blood was more impressive on white
clothes, and that the light was reflected
in excess by white during the operating
procedure. White was therefore
abandoned, and blue or green became
the colours of choice.

FLOORING CONCEPT
THE BASIC MATERIAL USED IN

TODAYS FLOORING ARE VETRIFIED

TILES , STONE OR FLOOR LAMINATES
LIKE CUSTOM PVC VINYL . THE
BASIC LOGICAL REASON IS
MAINTAINENCE , BEING AN PUBLIC
EXPOSED BUILDING CLEANLINESS IS
AN ESSENTIAL ASPECT AS WELL AS
HOSPITALS CARRY VARIOUS OTHER
MATERIALS WHICH MAY BE
REACTIVE TO MARBLES OR ZEOLITES
, THERFORE THE PREFRENCE IS
GIVEN TO THE LISTED ABOVE.
THE SKIRTING LEVEL IS UNDEFINED

AND TILES ARE MOSTLY CLADDED

UPTO 5 OF HEIGHT FOR
MAINTAINENCE MEASURE.

INCUBATOR IN MATERNITY
Any incubator is a special

ENVIRONMENTAL CHAMBER designed for

the specific purpose of allowing variable
control, primarily of temperature, but
some can and are being modified to vary
ambient pressure and humidity also.
The human infant incubator, with for
example, optional attachments such as
an Oxygen delivery system, intravneous
fluid infusion system, etc., is designed
to provide provide a "womb-like"
environment for prematurely born
infants.

AUTOCLAVE
An autoclave is a device used to

sterilize equipment and supplies

by subjecting them to high
pressure saturated steam at
121C for around 1520 minutes
depending on the size of the load
and the contents.
A medical autoclave is a device
that uses steam to sterilize
equipment and other objects. This
means that all bacteria,viruses
and spores are inactivated.

SOLAR WATER HEATING

It is a natural process in which Solar energy is
absorbed by
the black coating on the outside of the inner tube
& the
same is transferred to the water inside the tube.
Water on
the upper side of the vacuum tube becomes hot &
lighter in
weight & it starts rising up into the tank. At the
same time,
heavier cold water from the tank comes
downward from
lower side of the tube. This cycle repeats till all
the water is
heated so long as solar radiation is available.

SOLAR
CELLS:
Solar Photovoltaic

Modules : A solar
photovoltaic
module is the basic
element of each
photovoltaic system.
It consists of number
of solar cells arranged
and connected in a
definite pattern. It
converts solar energy
into electrical energy
when sunlight falls on
its surface.

PEST MANAGEMENT :
Hospitals, for good reason, have a great interest in maintaining a

clean environment, free of infectious agents and pests. At the

same time, hospitals have an ethical duty to do no harm that must
extend to the impacts of the pesticides and cleaning agents they
use on their patients, staff and the environment. This is especially
the case in hospitals because some of their patients may be
particularly vulnerable (by virtue of medical condition or age) to
the effects of what are, after all, products specifically designed to
harm or kill living organisms. Thus, hospitals need to use the least
environmentally and occupationally harmful products that will do
the job.
Anti termite treatment is being used at foundation level to prevent

termites & various other pest to penetrate inside the structure as

well as the built form .

PARKING STANDARDS
The following are standard space requirements of
some typical vehicles. These may be used as basic
minimum reference values but different layouts such
as parallel, herringbone and in-line, have slightly
different overall space requirements and detailed
layout of parking spaces will be site specific.
Car ::
2.4 metres x 4.8 metres
Light Vans::
2.4 metres x 5.5 metres
Rigid Vehicles:: 3.5 metres x 14.0 metres
Articulated Vehicles:: 3.5 metres x 18.5 metres
Coaches (60 seats)::
3.5 metres x 14.0

metres

 Hospital --- 2.2 spaces for each bed proposed to be

constructed.
Psychiatric Hospital--1.0 space for each four (4)
beds proposed to be constructed and 1.0 space for every
four employees.
Clinic (Medical Complex)--- 2.7 spaces for every one
thousand square feet of GFA.
Clinic (Medical or Dental--3.5 spaces for every one
thousand square feet of GFA.
Nursing Home--1.0 space for every three beds
proposed to be constructed and 1.0 space for every four
employees.
Funeral Home or Mortuary--- 0.5 spaces for every
chapel.
Veterinary Clinic--- 5.0 spaces for every one thousand
square feet of UFA

LAUNDARY

MORTUARY:

A morgue or mortuary is used for the storage of

human corpses awaiting identification, or removal for
autopsy or disposal by burial, cremation or otherwise.
In modern times they have customarily been