Chapter 7 Electricity

Electrostatics

Learning Outcomes:

describe what electrostatics is,

state the types of static electrical charges,
state the properties of static electrical charges,
describe how static electrical charges can be
produced in some materials,
describe ways to detect static electrical charges,
explain everyday phenomena caused by static
electrical charges,
state the safety measures to be taken when
dealing with static electricity.

Electrostatics
Electrical charge that is caused by friction
Static electricity
Electricity that does not move but stays
still on object
Produced in materials through friction

Types of static
electrical
charges

Positive charge (+)

Negative charge (-)

Characteristics of static electric

charges
Like charges repel
Repulsive force & attractive force called
electrostatic force

+++

+++

++

++

Characteristics of static electric

charges
Like charges repel
Repulsive force & attractive force called
electrostatic force

---

---

--

--

Characteristics of static electric

charges
Unlike charges attract
Repulsive force & attractive force called
electrostatic force

+++

---

+
++

--

Type of charge produced

+

Glass

Silk cloth

Cellulose acetate

Silk cloth, woollen cloth

Silk cloth

Hard rubber

Rubber (balloon)

Nylon

Woollen cloth

Rubber (balloon),
polythene

Fur

Balloon, ebonite,
polythene

Observation

Material

Observation

Bits of paper

____________ the plastic ruler

Water stream

____________ the plastic ruler

Electroscope

The gold leaf _________

Electroscope

Observation

Material

Observation

Bits of paper

Attracted towards the plastic ruler

Water stream

Attracted towards the plastic ruler

Electroscope

The gold leaf diverged

Analysis
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

stationary/do not move

Transfer of electrons
Electrostatic charges
Charged, not charged
Positive, negative
electrical charges

Conclusion
1. Electrostatic charges
2. electroscope

Static electrical charges

Observation
Polythene-polythene
Strips _____
repel each other
_________
Repulsive force

Polythene-cellulose acetate
attract each other
Strips ______
_________
Attractive force

Analysis
1. a) They repel
b) They attract
2. Electrostatic force
3.

Conclusion
Similar charges ______,
repel different
charges ______.
attract

Electrostatic Phenomena

Occurrence of lightning
Spark plug
Nylon clothes
Combing hair
Electronic lighter

+ +
+
+
+
+

Electrostatic Phenomena
High building lightning conductor
Oil tanker metal chain
Aeroplane special tyres

++
+
+
+
+
+
+

+
--- --+ +
+
+
+

+ +

+ +

Electrostatic phenomena

moves
rubs
prevent
Earth
metal
touches
sparks
fire