COMPUTER PROJECT

ON
DISASTER
MANAGEMENT

A disaster is a serious disruption of the functioning of a

community or a society involving widespread human, material,
economic or environmental losses and impacts, which exceeds the
ability of the affected community or society to cope using its own
resources.
A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the
functioning of a community or society and causes human, material,
and economic or environmental losses that exceed the communitys
or societys ability to cope using its own resources. Though often
caused by nature, disasters can have human origins

The causes of natural disasters

are many.
Human activities play a role in
the frequency and severity of
disasters.
A natural disaster is a
disruption in the balance of the
environment.
The human factor raises the
cost, in both property damage
and loss of life. Understanding
the causes of natural disaster
can provide clues to their
prevention.

Lightning is a sudden electrostatic discharge during an

electric storm between electrically charged regions of a
cloud, between that cloud and another cloud or between a
cloud and the ground. The charged regions within the
atmosphere temporarily equalize themselves through a
lightning flash, commonly referred to as a strike if it hits an
object on the ground. Although lightning is always
accompanied by the sound of thunder , distant lightning may
be seen but may be too far away for the thunder to be
heard.

An earthquake is a shaking of the ground caused by

the sudden breaking and movement of large sections
(tectonic plates) of the earth's rocky outermost
crust. The edges of the tectonic plates are marked
by faults (or fractures). Most earthquakes occur
along the fault lines when the plates slide past each
other or collide against each other.

Flooding occurs most commonly from heavy

rainfall when natural watercourses do not have
the capacity to convey excess water. However,
floods are not always caused by heavy rainfall.
They can result from other phenomena,
particularly in coastal areas where inundation can
be caused by a storm surge associated with a
tropical cyclone, a tsunami or a high tide
coinciding with higher than normal river levels.
Dam failure, triggered for example by an
earthquake, will result in flooding of the
downstream area, even in dry weather
conditions.

A tsunami is a wave train, or series of waves, generated in

a body of water by an impulsive disturbance that
vertically displaces the water column. Earthquakes,
landslides, volcanic eruptions, explosions, and even the
impact of cosmic bodies, such as meteorites, can generate
tsunamis. Tsunamis can savagely attack coastlines, causing
devastating property damage and loss of life.

Disaster management is a process or strategy that is

implemented before, during or after any type of catastrophic
event takes place. This process can be initiated whenever
anything threatens to disrupt normal operations or puts people's
lives at risk. Governments at all levels as well as many
businesses create their own disaster plans that make it possible
to overcome various catastrophes and return to functioning
normally as quickly as possible.

There is no such thing as a 'natural' disaster, only natural

hazards.
Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) aims to reduce the damage
caused by natural hazards like earthquakes, floods, droughts
and cyclones, through an ethic of prevention.
Disasters often follow natural hazards. A disaster's severity
depends on how much impact a hazard has on society and the
environment. The scale of the impact in turn depends on the
choices we make for our lives and for our environment. These
choices relate to how we grow our food, where and how we
build our homes, what kind of government we have, how our
financial system works and even what we teach in schools.
Each decision and action makes us more vulnerable to
disasters - or more resilient to them.

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