BIO

MEDICAL
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
Dr. M. Balasubramanian
Asst. Prof. of STD, Stanley Medical College
IMA Former State Secretary

PHYSICIAN
ADD YEARS TO LIFE &
ADD LIFE TO YEARS
OF THE PATIENTS

DOCTORS -- SAVIOURS OF MANKIND

HOSPITALS TEMPLES OF HEALING
MEDICAL PROFESSION -- NOBLE

DOCTORS ARE GUIDED BY ETHICS

BUT GOVERNED BY LAW

ACCOUNTABLE TO THE PATIENT

ANSWERABLE TO THE COMMUNITY

NOSO COMIAL INFECTIONS

HOSPITAL ACQUIRED INFECTIONS

PROPER DISPOSAL
OF HOSPITAL WASTE
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY

POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD

TIIC
LOAN

HOSPITAL as INDUSTRY

HOSPITALS
CLASSIFIED UNDER
OBNOXIOUS & HAZARDOUS INDUSTRY

CATEGORY
HOSPITALS, Mines, Cements, Fertilizers &
Chemicals, Distilleries, Tanneries

Hotels, Cinema Theatre, Lime Kilns,

Stone Crushing unit

NIL No toxic substance, No effluent, No

fugitive emissions, No use of fuel

HONBLE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA

Writ Petition No 888 of 1996

Public Interest Litigation
Mrs. Almitra H. Patel vs. Union of India
Pathetic Situation of Solid Waste Management Practices
Obligatory function of Urban Local Bodies
Resulting in problems of Health & Sanitation
No solution in sight.
Honble Supreme Court after several hearings, constituted a

INTERIM REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE

Domestic / Trade Waste
Construction Waste
Industrial Waste
Infectious & Hospital Waste.
Adverse impact on Human Health.
Grossly neglected.
Do not discharge their duties for safe disposale.
Infectious waste & sharps get mixed up with Domestic Waste.
Incinerators in certain Hospitals only Often single chamber
not affectively functioning.
Ministry of Environment, Govt. of India to issue mandatory
instructions to rectify with a time frame.

Tamilnadu Pollution Control Board

O/o District Environment Engineer,
TN Pollution Control Board
Proc. No. DEE/TNPC Bd/TLR/BMW/INV/2001

Dated

Sub : TNPC Board Hazardous Substance Management

Failure to install Bio Medical Waste Treatment and disposal
facility within the stipulated time schedule Show Cause
Notice issued.

Ref : The Bio Medical Waste (M & H) Rules 1998 as

amended in 2000 notified under the Environment
(Protection) Act 1986.

Hence you are directed to show cause within fifteen

days from the date of receipt of this notice so as to why
penal for an offence punishable under Section 15 of
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 should not be
initiated against you for not having complied with and
contravening the said provisions of the Bio Medical
Waste (Management & Handing) Rules 1998 as
amended in 2000 and also to issue direction for
closure of the unit and stoppage of power supply
etc.,

under

Section

(5)

of

the

Environment

(Protection) Act, 1986.

DISTRICT ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEER
Tamilnadu Pollution Control Board.

SCHEDULE VI (see rule 5)

SCHEDULE FOR WASTE TREATMENT FACILITIES
LIKE INCINERATOR / AUTOCLAVE / MICROWAVE SYSTEM
A.Hospitals and Nursing Homes in towns with population of 30
lakhs and above
30th June 2000 or earlier
B. Hospitals and Nursing Homes in towns in towns with
population of below 30 lakhs
(a) with 500 beds and above

by 30th June, 2000 or earlier

(b) with 200 beds and above but less than 500 beds
by 31st December, 2000 or earlier
(c) with 50 beds and above but less than 200 beds
by 31st December, 2001 or earlier
(d) with less than 50 beds

by 31st December, 2002 or earlier

C. All other institutions generating bio-medical waste not

included in A and B above
by 31st December, 2002 or earlier

BIO MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

PROGRAMME PLANNING
1. Willingness
2. Self Motivation
3. Investments Person, Place, Financial
4. Identifying Nodal Person ICC BMWM Committee.
5. Waste Survey
6. Evaluation of Existing Practice
7. Training
8. Implementing Segregation
9. Reporting and Feed Back
10. Review after one year.

HOSPITAL WASTES
Non Infectious

Biodegradable

Infectious

Non Biodegradable Non Sharps

Solids

Incinerable

Sharps

Liquids

Non Incinerable
(Autoclave, Microwave)

SCHEDULE 1 (See Rule 5)

CATEGORIES OF BIO MEDICAL WASTE
OPTION

WASTE CATEGORY

TREATMENT & DISPOSAL

Category No. 1

Human Anatomical Waste

Incineration / deep burial

Category No. 2

Animal Waste

Incineration / deep burial

Category No. 3

Microbiology & Biotechnology

Waste

Local autoclaving / microwaving /

incineration

Category No. 4

Waste Sharps

Disinfection by chemical treatmet /

atoclaving / microwaving and
mutilation / shredding

Category No. 5

Discarded Medicines and

Cytoxic drugs

Incineration / destruction and

drugs disposal in secured landfills

Category No. 6

Solid Waste

Incineration / autoclaving /
microwaving

Category No. 7

Solid Waste

Disinfection by chemical treatment

/ autoclaving / microwaving and
mutilation / shredding

Category No. 8

Liquid Waste

Disinfection by chemical treatment

and discharge into drains.

Category No. 9

Incineration Ash

Disposal in municipal landfill

Category No. 10

Chemical Waste

Chemical treatment and discharge

into drains for liquids and secured
land for solids

SCHEDULE II (See Rule 6)

COLOUR CODING AND TYPE OF CONTAINER
FOR DISPOSAL OF BIOMEDICAL WASTES
COLOUR
CODING

TYPE OF
CONTAINER

WASTE
CATEGORY

TREATMENT OPTIONS
as per Schedule I

Yellow

Plastic Bag

Cat.. 1, 2, 3
and 6

Incineration / deep
burial

Red

Disinfected
container /
Plastic Bag

Cat. 3, 6, and 7

Autoclaving /
Microwaving / Chemical
Treatment

Blue / White
Translucent

Plastic Bag /
puncture proof
container

Cat. 4, Cat. 7

Autoclaving /
Microwaving / Chemical
treatment and
destruction shredding

Black

Plastic Bag

Cat. 5, 9 and
10 (Solid)

Disposal in secured
landfill

SEGREGATION OF WASTE
RED BAG OR CONTANIER

No
Sharps
PLASTIC WASTE
IV Sets
Tubings
Blood & Urine bags
Syringes

In this
bag

SEGREGATION OF WASTE
YELLOW
BAG OR CONTAINER

No

INFECTIOUS WASTE
Soiled bandages
Dressings
Cotton Swabs
Sanitary Pads

Plastics
In this
bag

SEGREGATION OF WASTE

Needles and Ampoules

to be put
in the separate
puncture proof bin provided

SEGREGATION OF WASTE

DOCTORS
Do not dispose dressings in patients bin / Ask for
disposal bags.
Ensure all the plastics and gloves are cut and put
into bleach solution.
Ensure all used injections are cut using needle
cutters.
Ensure compliance of this scheme during ward
visits

NURSES
Put cut gloves and plastic in bleach solution.
Put all other infectious waste, such as pathological
waste, bandages, dressings, cotton etc in yellow bin.
Always cut needles with the needle cutter and
disinfect with bleach solution.
All sharps to be put in needle cutter container.
Help patients understand the scheme.

LAB TECHNICIANS
Use gloves during all tests.
Reusable items to be soaked in bleach and heated at
high a temperature.
Media plates to be put in separate bleach solution.
Cut gloves, syringes to be put in red coloured bin with
bleach.
Needles to be cut with needle cutter and disinfected with
bleach.
Sharps to be put in needle cutter container.

WARDS BOYS / AYYAS

Cut all tubes.

Cut all gloves.
Check if waste in bleach in only plastic or
glass. If not, report to the supervisor.
Help patients understand the scheme

DOS
Segregate waste as per category
Put waste in correct bin wiz. Plastic/rubber waste in Red,
Anatomical soiled waste in Yellow, Non-infectious general waste
in Black and Sharps in Blue Puncture Proof Container. Ensure
colour bags of the same colour as bins.
Ensure that the plastic bag has bio-hazard symbol and label.
Remove plastic bags when full, tie the bags properly. Ensure
bag is properly tied / sealed to avoid spilling.
Remove bags by Wheel Barrows only to the waste storage site.
Cut the needle (disposable) before throwing it.
Wear protective gear while handling waste.
Always snipe the IV bottle, cut the IV sets, and fingers of gloves
before throwing it in the bin or sending it back to the store.
Always keep your record book on waste activity up to date.

DONTS
Put the waste indiscriminately.
Put wrong bags in bin. (Adhere to colour code.)
Fill the bags till neck. (Waste would otherwise spill
over.)
Handle waste without protective clothing.
Drag the bags after removal. (Bags can burst and the
site could be repulsive.)
Never recap the needle. (Never re-use needle without
disinfection)
Mix non infectious waste with infectious waste.

DONT MIX INFECTIOUS WASTES WITH MUNICIPAL WASTE

SEGREGATE AS PER COLOUR CODING

AT THE POINT OF GENERATION ITSELF

REALISE THE SIGNIFICANE OF RED & YELLOW

NEVER PUT YELLOW BAG IN RED BIN

AND RED BAG IN YELLOW BIN

OUT HOUSE MANAGEMENT

Role of Common Facilitator
To collect Bio Medical Waste from Individual Hospital every
day.
To transport in closed container Van safely to the Treatment
plant.
To erect common offsite BMWM Treatment facility in
accordance with the standard prescribe BMWM Rules and
approval from Tamilnadu Pollution Control Board.
To dispose various categories of Bio Medical Waste by
approved techniques.
To train the individual hospitals staffs regarding BMWM

MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING
BETWEEN IMA & G.J. MULTI CLAVE INDIA (P) Ltd
Tariff agreed Rs. 3 per bed per day on the basis of declared
bed strength of Health Care Establishment.
Comparison of Tariff -- Per bed and Per kg of Waste
(Average Bio Medical Waste Per Bed Per Day - 400 gms)
For a Hospital of 30 Beds with average occupancy of 20 Beds
Bio Medical Waste Generated 20 x 400 gms = 8Kg
Amount to be given 8 x Rs. 9 = Rs. 72/-.
Amount to be given per bed 30 x Rs. 3 = Rs. 90/(Bio Medical Waste from OP, Casualty & OT included)

Let us prove that we are

ECO FRIENDLY
To make others shed their hostility and
become
MEDICO FRIENDLY