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Hydrogen Damage
Refers to mechanical damage of metal
Caused by the presence/Interaction with
Hydrogen
Can be classified in to following types
1) Hydrogen Blistering
2) Hydrogen Embrittlement
3) Hydrogen Attack
4) Decarburization
Hydrogen Blistering
Occurs due to penetration of H2 in to metal
Results in to local deformation and in extreme
cases, complete destruction of the vessel wall
Acid Electrolyte
H+
H
e
H
H+
H2
H
H
H2
H
H
H2
Air
Void
Hydrogen Embrittlement
Caused by the penetration of H2 in to a metal
loss of ductility - Embrittlement
Tendency increases with Hydrogen Concentration
Catastrophic failure occurs if hydrogen
concentration > 6 ppm
Steels with >= 75 ksi are prone to Hydrogen
Embrittlement
Steels with >=110 ksi are very much susceptible to
Hydrogen Embrittlement
Hydrogen Embrittlement
Absorption of hydrogen due to presence of H 2 gas
Hydrogen Stress Cracking
Absorption of hydrogen due to corrosion reaction
Stress Corrosion Cracking
Corrosion due to the presence of H2S -Sulfide Stress Corrosion Cracking
HIC TESTING
Trap
Trap
H2S Cylinder
Test Specimens
Solution
10 % NaOH
Solution