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GREYWATER SYSTEMS

N MEHLIKA KAYAALP
PRINCIPAL ADVISER WASTEWATER

Department of Human Services

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

DEFINITIONS
Wastewater

domestic wastewater =sewage =all wastewater


industrial wastewater = process wastewater

Greywater

domestic wastewater except toilet wastewater, or


domestic wastewater except toilet & kitchen
wastewater

Reclaimed Water

derived from sewage


treated to a standard satisfactory for intended reuse

Biosolids

sludge
not solid waste
M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER CHARECTERISTICS
Greywater characteristics

(Collated from WA Greywater Code + literature)

E Coli: < 30 (some laundry rinse) to 108 / 100mL= all ww


BOD5 : medium to high (90 - 290 mg/L)
SS: low to high (45 to 330 mg/L)
P : low to high (< 1 to 27 mg/L)
TKN : low to medium ( 2 - 30 mg/L)
Na: low to high (25 - 230 mg/L)
conductivity : low to high: (300 - 1100 S/cm)

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER REUSE SYSTEMS


Reuse is supported and encouraged
conserves resources
lessens environmental pollution - if done properly

Reduction in waste/ wastewater production


must also be aimed for

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER REUSE SYSTEMS -2


System DESIGN and OPERATION must
consider
public health risks (prevent / minimise)
water & nutrient balance and chemicals
prevention of pollution of soil, groundwater,
surface water , marine environment
reuse purpose - to be suitable to the degree of
treatment and method employed for reuse

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

DHS WASTEWATER WEBPAGE


Information on

greywater systems
other alternative onsite systems
standard onsite systems
town or communal wastewater systems
reclaimed water
can be found on:

www.dhs.sa.gov.au/pehs
M Kayaalp - Onsite S

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

Wastewater management
Wastewater Management in SA
Standard onsite wastewater systems
~ Maintaining aerobic systems
~ Maintaining septic tank systems
Alternative onsite systems
Towns & other large developments
Product approval
Reclaimed water (treated effluent) reuse

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

Composting toilets or other blackwater (toilet


wastewater) systems
Greywater systems (laundry, bath, shower,
kitchen etc)
Reedbed systems
Nutrient removal systems
Other wastewater systems using any
technology

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

If you plan to install an alternative onsite wastewater


system in:
a SA Water sewerage area OR
an area serviced by a council scheme where the
alternative wastewater system will not be connected to
the scheme OR
a private scheme
the proposal should be discussed with the service
supplier, as a full or partial exemption from any
requirement for connection before the application for
installation is submitted
M Kayaalp - Onsite S

Guides and Standards


The following guides are provided to assist in the
preparation of an application for an alternative onsite
system:
Composting toilets or other blackwater (toilet
wastewater) systems
Greywater /sullage systems
Reed bed systems
Application Form
Application form for the installation of
alternative onsite wastewater systems
M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER REUSE SYSTEMS - 1


separate greywater and blackwater
- blackwater to :
sewer, STED, composting toilet, ST.

greywater to :
diversion device or treatment system

provide appropriate treatment


reuse (mainly by irrigation)
subsurface - if not treated and/or not disinfected
above surface - if treated and disinfected
M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER REUSE SYSTEMS - 2


Currently, mostly at onsite systems areas
50 REEDBED installations
50 COMPOSTING TOILET installations

With current water restrictions inquiries


increased multi fold
More inquiries in sewered areas
A circular sent to councils
21 councils indicated concurrence so far incl.
Adelaide metropolitan & other sewered areas
M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER - INTERSTATE
Interstate approach is similar to ours
WA
Code of Practice for the Reuse of Greywater, 2003

Victoria
Reuse Options for Household Wastewater, 2001

NSW
Domestic Greywater Systems Accreditation Guidelines,
2000
Greywater Reuse in Sewered Single Domestic Premises,
2000

Queensland
Onsite Sewerage Code, 2002

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER DIVERSION DEVICE


A new greywater system is coming to SA
It diverts only bath and laundry water
Incorporates trench irrigation system

Approved- an interim approval-24 months


After 24 months to be re-evaluated
May be installed in :
sewered / reticulated wastewater areas, and
onsite systems areas
M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER DIVERSION DEVICE - 2


has a filter, and
an overflow feature to direct wastewater (in
case of blockages and/or irrigation area failure)
to the main wastewater system for the
dwelling, ie to:

sewer, or
STEDS drain, or
other communal system, or
onsite wcs

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER DIVERSION DEVICE - 3


Approval is issued with a warning to be on
the packaging: Notice to SA users
Notice to SA users - warning states that
if the building is within a reticulated
wastewater system area first check with SA
Water or council or the owner / operator of the
reticulated wastewater scheme - whichever is
appropriate

M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER DIVERSION DEVICE - 4


Notice to SA users (continued -2)
approval by local council or DHS
installation by a licensed plumber
it is only for laundry and/or bath water,
NOT for kitchen wastewater
Gravity connection to the device and its above
ground installation is required
with soils < 10 L/m2d permeability, reuse of
greywater for irrigation is not permitted
M Kayaalp - Onsite S

GREYWATER DIVERSION DEVICE -5


Notice to SA users (continued -3)
Irrigation area must comply with all set backs stated
in SA Septic Tank Codes and its supplements A & B
2.5 meters from any building or boundary ,etc
50 meters away from any bore, dam or watercourse;
above the 1956 River Murray flood level, and greater
than 100 meters from its pool level;
at least 500 mm from the bottom of the irrigation
trench to the groundwater or bedrock; and
in coastal areas, check with local council regarding the
minimum set back from the coast
M Kayaalp - Onsite S

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