Cutting Fluids

PREPARED BY : YAGNESH SURESHBHAI MEHTA

ENROLLMENT NO : 130010119055
BRANCH : MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
INSTRUCTED BY : AYNESH JOSHI
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HISTORY
Essential in metal-cutting operations to reduce heat
and friction
Centuries ago, water used on grindstones
100 years ago, tallow used (did not cool)
Early 20th century saw soap added to water
Soluble oils came in 1936
Chemical cutting fluids introduced in 1944

FUNCTION OF CUTING
FLUID
Cooling
Cutting fluids assist taking away heat and can dissipate
at least 50% of heat created during machining.
Decrease the temperature at the chip-tool interface by
50 degrees F, and it will increase tool life by up to 5
times.
Lubrication
cutting fluids also aid the cutting process by lubricating
the interface between the tool's cutting edge and the
chip. By preventing friction at this interface, some of the
heat generation is prevented.
Other functions
Prolong cutting-tool life
Provide rust control
Resist rancidity

Heat Generated During Machining

Heat finds its way into one of three places
Workpiece, tool and chips
Act as disposable
heat sink

Too much, cutting edge

will break down rapidly,
reducing tool life

Too much, work

will expand
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Economic Advantages
to Using Cutting Fluids
Reduction of tool costs

Reduce tool wear, tools last longer

Increased speed of production

Reduce heat and friction so higher cutting

speeds

Reduction of labor costs

Tools last longer and require less regrinding,

less downtime, reducing cost per part

Reduction of power costs

Friction reduced so less power required by

machining
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Characteristics of a
Good Cutting Fluid
1.
2.
3.
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8.
9.

Good cooling capacity

Good lubricating qualities
Resistance to rancidity
Relatively low viscosity
Stability (long life)
Rust resistance
Nontoxic
Transparent
Nonflammable
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Types of Cutting
Fluids

Liquids
Water is a good conductor of heat but has
drawbacks as a cutting fluid. It boils easily,
promotes rusting of machine parts, and does
not lubricate well
Dielectric fluid is used as a cutting fluid in
Electrical discharge machines (EDMs)
Kerosene and rubbing alcohol often give good
results when working on aluminium .

Thin-wall milling of aluminum using a

water-based cutting fluid on the milling
cutter.

Pastes or gels
Cutting fluid may also take the form of a
paste or gel when used for some
applications, in particular hand operations
such as drilling and tapping . In sawing metal
with a handsaw , it is common to periodically
run a stick of paste against the blade.

How to Clean Laptop Fan and

Apply Thermal Paste on CPU

CO2 Coolant
The ChilAire system is one of the
pioneers in the application of CO2 as a
coolant. Existing CNC machines can be
retrofitted with this safe and
environmentally friendly coolant
approach.

Air or other gases (e.g.,

nitrogen)
Ambient air, of course, was the original
machining coolant. Compressed air, supplied
through pipes and hoses from an air
compressor and discharged from a nozzle
aimed at the tool, is sometimes a useful
coolant.
Liquid nitrogen as a coolant in :
for CCD cameras in astronomy

for computers and extreme overclocking

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References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cutting_fluid
http://www.coolclean.com/cooling.php
http://www.instructables.com/id/How-toClean-Laptop-Fan-and-Apply-ThermalPaste-on /

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