GP315

PLANT UTILITY

Quiz (minimum 4)

30%

Theory Test (minimum 2)

40%

End-of-Chapter (minimum 3)

30%

WATER TREATMENT
SYSTEM

AZMIR IQBAL BIN IBRAHIM

All natural waters contain suspended or

dissolved inorganic or organic chemicals
to some degree. Whether they are
present in high enough concentration to
be considered as impurities depends on
the water use.

OBJECTIVE
Remove all the impurities in water to ensure the water
is suitable for the intended use.
The impurities can be classified as;

ALUM AND LIME

PROCCESS AND
STORAGE

INTAKE

MIXING POINT

AERATION

CHLORINE
STORAGE

CONSUMER

WATER TANK

SEDIMENTATION
TANK

FILTER

CHLORINE
MIXING POINT

INTAKE
Intake of water from major source to water
treatment plant
2 types of intake;
Surface Intake
Submerged Intake

MIXING POINT
Alum (aluminium sulfat) and Lime (CaO) added
to the raw water.
Then the water will be transferred to aeration
tank.

AERATION TANK
The process of bringing water and air into
close contact to remove or modify
constituents in the water.
Function to remove the air and gases from the
water.
Example; CO2, and hydrogen suphide
Adding oxygen into the water
Remove unwanted odour from water.

SEDIMENTATION TANK
Sedimentation processes are used to clarify turbid
and/or colored waters, and are used in conjunction
with chemical precipitation to remove dissolved
impurities such as iron, manganese,calcium, and
magnesium compounds, as well as silica and
fluorides.
The formation of floc occurred here
The flocs will settle down at the bottom of the
tank.

 Scrapers will push the flocs to the hopper at the

bottom of the tank.
Eventually only clean water will remains in the
tank.

FLOCCULATION
The water treatment process following
coagulation, which uses gentle stirring to bring
suspended particles together so they will form
larger, more settleable particles called floc.
floc
Floc which is big and heavy will evetually settle down in
settling tank.

FILTRATION
Filters are used in water treatment to
remove relatively low concentrations of
suspended matter when a high clarity is
needed.
They are constructed in a variety of
materials (concrete, steel, fiberglass, etc.),
are either open-gravity or enclosed
pressure type, and for downflow or upflow
filtering.

 The filter media is typically silica sand, or a

combination of sand and anthracite.
The media is selected and sized for the particular
application and performance desired.

Filter House - where final clarification takes place

Water in
Filter

Rapid Sand
Filters

CHLORINE MIXING POINT

Adding chlorine to the water.
Chlorine will remove all the dangerous
bacteria in the water
The water is now potable

Treated Water Pump

Lower Reservoir

Elevated Reservoir

Thank You..