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R Nagaraj,
Indira Gandhi Institute of
Development Research,
and
Princeton University
Email: nagaraj@igidr.ac.in
Labour market size
• Consists of 430 million workers in 2004-05, growing 2%
annually, with a stable worker-population ratio (40%).
• Low level of open unemployment (3.1%) – high level of
disguised unemployment, mostly in rural areas and in
agriculture.
• Low level of women’s participation in workforce.
• Child labour’s share in workforce declining, but in
absolute numbers still quite large.
2 .2
2 2 2
1 .2 1 .3 1 .3
1 .1 1
140
120
100
80
Index
60
40
20
0
86
88
92
94
74
76
78
80
82
84
90
96
98
00
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
19
20
Y ear ending
0.6
0.4
Ratio
0.2
0
80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96
F is c al y ear ending
Unit labour c os t
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1982-83
1984-85
1990-91
1994-95
1996-97
1986-87
1988-89
1992-93
Strikes Lockout
120
100
80
Index
60
40
20
0
81
85
87
89
91
93
95
97
99
83
01
20
Year ending
Wage-rental ratio