Neo classicism

Neoclassical architecture, an architectural style of the 18th

and 19th Centuries
Neoclassical, or "new" classical, architecture describes
buildings that are inspired by the Classical architecture of
ancient Greece and Rome.
Characterized by order, symmetry, and simplicity of
style.
In form, Neoclassical architecture emphasizes the wall
rather than chiaroscuro and
maintains separate identities to each of its parts.
The Cathedral of Vilnius

Neoclassical features:

Symmetrical shape
Tall columns that rise the full height of the building
Triangular pediment

ow Neoclassical Architecture Began

In 1563, Renaissance architect Giacomo da Vignola outlined the
principles of Classical architecture in a thesis titled The Five Orders of
Architecture
A few years later, another Renaissance architect, Andrea Palladio,
described his own approach to Classical architecture in The Four
Books of Architecture
By the 1700s, European architects were turning away from elaborate
Baroque and Rococo styles in favor of restrained Neoclassical
approaches

Origins

eo-Classical architecture can be seen in the work of the renaissance architect

ndre Palladio

he Neo-classical style is rooted in Roman and Greek architecture

oman triumphal arch was one of the main sources of Neo-classical expression

haracteristics

mphasize its planar qualities, rather than sculptural volumes.

rojections and recessions and their effects of light and shade are more flat.

culptural bas-reliefs are flatter and tend to be enframed in friezes, tablets or pan

omplete in themselves.

ometimes considered anti-modern or even reactionary.

Herculaneum in 1738

Pompeii in 1748.

Neoclassicism emerged after the discoveries of ancient Roman

cities like Herculaneum and Pompeii

The Neoclassical period emerged as a response to the birth of a new nation

The order, simplicity, clarity and reason of a free nation were beautifully
reflected in society because the monuments expressed

Pantheon, Paris
1758 1790
Architects
Jacques-Germain Soufflot
Jean-Baptiste Rondelet

Inside panoramic view of the Panthon.

Romanticism, 1800s-1810
Characteristics:
shows the height of action
emotional extremes
celebrated nature as out of control
dramatic compositions
heightened sensation (life and death moments)

Sir Edwin Lutyan a monumental city plan for New Delhi during the British Raj

Rashtrapati Bhavan
[Presidents House]

India Gate Monument

pact of industrial revolution on architecture

ted in England at about 1760, made radical changes in every level of civilization
ver the world.

heavy industry growth brought a flood of new building materials,

h as cast iron, steel, and glass, with which architects and engineers devised
ctures of unimaginable size, form, and function.

rovements to the iron making process encouraged the building of bridges

other structures. Large indoor open spaces were now made possible
h the use of strong iron framed construction; this was ideal for factories,
seums and train stations.