Polysomnography

The gold standard sleep study

What is polysomnography (PSG)?

PSG is a sleep study based off of physiological

parameters

Can be used to measure sleep and diagnose

certain sleeping disorders
Different types can be done at home or in a sleep
lab
Usually at least three nights in sleep lab as first
one night or two are not used so the patient can
adjust
There are two sets of rules developed for
interpreting the results

In 1968 Rechtschaffen and Kales set

the standard
The American Association of Sleep
Medicine revised them in 2007

What does a PSG measure?

A full PSG measures 9 different signals

EEG (electroencephalogram) Brain activity

EOG (electrooculogram) Eye movements
SpO2 Oxygen Saturation, basically the amount of
oxygen you have
Respiratory effort
Respiratory airflows
Position
Snoring
ECG (electrocardiogram)- Heart beat
EMG (electromyogram) body
movements ( leg and chin specifically)

What it can look like to get a

PSG.

Do we need all those wires?

The absolute minimum of electrodes for a full

PSG set up is about 12.

Three EEG
Two EOG
Two EMG
One airflow
One for ECG
One for Oxygen saturation
Two respiratory effort belts

Why do we want to know this?

We can get several things from this data:

Sleep onset latency how long it takes to fall

asleep
Sleep stages how long was spent in each stage
of sleep
Breathing irregularities if you have sleep apnea.
We can compare the data from the PSG to the
data
gathered from the bed sensor suit

We can test and optimize the bed sensor suit based on

what we are seeing from the PSG.

From this we can

How can we get this data?

Here are our options:

We should get this:

Cadwell Easy II

Cheap
Reliable
Popular

References

Berry, Richard et al. (2012).A The AASM Manual for the scoring of Sleep and Associated Events:
Rules Terminology and Technical Specifications, Version 2.0. Darien, IL: American Academy of Sleep
Medicine

Rechtschaffen, A. & Kales, A. (Eds.) (1968).A manual of standardized terminology, techniques, and
scoring system for sleep stages of human subjects. Washington D.C.: Public Health Service, U.S.
Government Printing Service

D. Moser, P. Anderer, G. Gruber, S. Parapatics, E. Loretz, M. Boeck, G. Kloesch, E. Heller, A. Schmidt,

H. Danker-Hopfe, B. Saletu, J. Zeitlhofer and G. Dorffner, "Sleep Classification According to AASM and
Rechtschaffen & Kales: Effects on Sleep Scoring Parameters," Sleep, vol. 32, 2009.

J. R. Shambroom, S. E. Fabregas and J. Johnstone, "Validation of an automated wireless system to

monitor sleep in healthy adults," 2011.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polysomnography

S. Miano, M. C. Paolino, R. Castaldo and M. P. Villa, "Visual scoring of sleep: A comparison between
the Rechtschaffen and Kales criteria and the American Academy of Sleep Medicine criteria in a
pediatric population with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome," 2009.

Hensley MJ, Hillman DR, McEvoy RD, Neill AM, Solin P, Teichtahl H, Thompson BR, Tolhurst S, Thornton
AT and Worsnop CJ, "GUIDELINES FOR SLEEP STUDIES IN ADULTS," 2005.

G. M. Aasvang, B. verland, R. Ursin and T. Moum, "A field study of effects of road traffic and railway
noise on polysomnographic sleep parameters," pp. 3716, 2011.

J. Allan Hobson, "A manual of standardized terminology, techniques and scoring system for sleep
stages of human subjects," Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol., vol. 26, pp. 644-644, 1969.