KRISHNA ENGINEERING

COLLEGE
MAJOR PROJECT NAME

PROJECT GUIDE :
Mrs. RENU DUBEY

SUBMITTED BY :
VIKAS YADAV(1116131179)
SIDDHARTHA SHARMA(1116131188)
Md. ZEESHAN SIDDIQUI(11161311097)

APERTURE COUPLED DESIGN

Proposed for microstrip slot antennas to improve their radiation performance.

Increases the bandwidth of the antenna.

Couples the patch antenna with micro strip line through
an aperture.
The coupling between two or more micro strip antenna elements can be taken
into account easily using full-wave analyses.

MICROSTRIP SLOT ANTENNA

Microstrip antenna received considerable attention starting in 1970s.
Low profile antenna.
Simple and inexpensive to manufacture.
Versatile in terms of resonant frequency ,polarization ,pattern and impedance.
Similar to planar and non-planar surfaces.
Major operational disadvantages of micro strip antennas are their low efficiency,
Low power ,high quality factor.
However, there are methods by which efficiency and bandwidth can increase upto
90 % and 35% respectively.

STRUCTURE OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA

In its most basic form , a microstrip antenna consists of a radiating patch on one.
Side of a dielectric substrate which has a ground plane on the other side.

It consists of a very thin metallic strip above a ground plane.

Thin substrates with higher dielectric constants are desirable for microwave circuitry.
Since, microstrip antennas are often integrated with other
microwave circuitry.
Radiating patch may be square,rectangular,dipole,
circular,triangular,elliptical or any other configuration.
Square, rectangular, dipole(strip) and circular are the
most common because of ease of analysis.
Microstrip dipoles are attractive because they inherently
posses a large bandwidth and occupy less space.

PLATFORM USED
ZEALAND IE3D tool is used for designing of microstrip slot antenna.
It depends mainly on the geometry of the structure and the required accuracy
of the solution.
ZEALAND IE3D is based on MoM solution of integral equation.
It has an excellent accuracy for frequency domain analysis.
If the structure is simple like rectangular or circular, IE3D would be the best.
The speed of IE3D engine is improved without multi CPU support.

COMPARING THE DIFFERENT FEED TECHNIQUES

CHARACTERISTICS

Micro strip
line Feed

Coaxial Feed

Aperture
coupled feed

Proximity
coupled feed

SPURIOUS
FEED
RADIATION

MORE

MORE

LESS

MINIMUM

RELIABILITY

BETTER

POOR DUE
TO
SOLDERING

GOOD

GOOD

EASE OF
FABRICATION

EASY

SOLDERING
AND
DRILLING
REQUIRED

ALIGNMENT
REQUIRED

ALIGNMENT
REQUIRED

IMPEDANCE
MATCHING

EASY

EASY

EASY

EASY

BANDWIDTH

2.5%

2.5%

2.5%

13%

ADVANTAGES
Low fabrication cost.
High Performance.
Light weight and low volume.
Capable of dual and triple frequency operations.
Supports both, linear as well as circular polarization.
Mechanically robust when mounted on rigid surfaces.

DISADVANTAGES
Low efficiency.

Lower gain.
Spurious feed radiation.
Low power handling capacity.
Excitation of surface waves.
Inheretenly low impedance bandwidth.

APPLICATIONS
Extensively used in military.

Government security systems.

Direct broadcast television.

Wireless LANs.
GPS system.

Mobile satellite communication.

Missiles and telemetry.

REFERENCES
C. A. Balanis , Antenna Theory Analysis and Design , 3rd ed. New York: Wiley,
1997.
X . H. Yang and L. Shafai, Characteristics of micro strip antennas with various
radiation patches and coupling apertures, IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagation,
vol. 43,no. 1, pp. 72-78, Jan. 1995.
IEEE Transaction on antennas and propagation ,vol. 53, no. 9, Sept, 2005.
L. Sullivan and D. H. Schauber, Analysis of an aperture coupled antenna,
IEEE Trans. Antennas propagation, vol. AP-34, NO. 8,PP. 977-984, Aug,1986.
Y. Yashimura, A micro strip slot antenna IEEE Trans. Antennas propagation,
vol. AP-29,pp.224, Jan 1981.