BUSINESS

ETHICS
 Presented By
Anam Khan
Saira Ali
Naila Maqbool

Presented To
Mam Fouzia
 Business Ethics
Business Ethics
Is a form of applied ethics that
examines ethical principles and
moral or ethical problems that arise
in a business environment.
Four Concept of Ethics
Relativism
Egoism
Utilitarianism
Deonotologism
 Relativism

Relativism is the idea that

some elements or aspects of
experience or culture are relative to,
i.e., dependent on, other elements or
aspects.
 Aspect of Relativism
Common statements that might be
considered relativistic include:
"That's true for you but not for me."
"Beauty is in the eye of the
beholder."
"You can't judge other cultures by
the standards of your own."
 Relativism Problems

Fraud

Slavery

Torture
 Ethical Egoism

Ethical Egoism is the normative

ethical position that moral agents
ought to do what is in their own self-
interest.
 Egoism Problems

Externalities associated with private

actions to dump toxic wastes as long
as don’t get caught
 Utilitarianism

Utilitarianism is the idea that the

moral worth of an action is
determined solely by its contribution
to overall utility

Utilitarianism is often described

by the phrase "the greatest good for
the greatest number of people",
Utilitarianisms Problems

Morality can not be judge

Any action that may be right for one

is not for other
 Deonotologism

Derived from the Greek word “Duty”

Actions are not justified by their

consequences.
Whistle-blowing
What is Whistle-blowing?
It is when person takes a concern
(such as suspected abuse or fraud)
outside of the organization in which it is
occurring
The person with the concern must be
affiliated with the organization
Generally…..
The misconduct is
a violation of law,
rule, regulation
and/or a direct
threat to public
interest
 Type of Whistle-blower

Internal Whistle-blower

External Whistle-blower
 There are two types of
Whistle blowers:
Internal External
Whistle – whistle-
blowers: blowers: report
report misconduct to misconduct to
another employee or outside persons or
a superior within entities
their organization
Reasons why someone
would blow the whistle are:

A violation of a law, rule or

regulation
Gross mismanagement
A gross waste of funds
An abuse of authority
A substantial and specific danger to
public health or safety
 Reactions to whistle-
blowers:
They are ostracized by their co-
workers
Discriminated against by future
potential employers
Fired from their organizations
Examples of retaliation
on whistle- blowers:

In the school district of Albany, a

computer network specialist found
pornography on the school
superintendent’s computer. As a
result, he expects to be out a job
 In closing……
 A whistle-blowing is exposure of fraud or abuse by someone with in
the organization

 There are 2 classifications

Internal
Internal
 External

 Whistle-blowers are often ostracized, discriminated against or fired.

 Laws have been enacted to protected those who blow the whistle.
Bribery
 Case Study

Case Study in U.K

Bluffing and
Deception