Lesson 1:

Understanding Database
Day 1

Types of Information managed by different organizations

Directions: Fill in the missing letters to identify the type of
information managed by the following organizations. :

__
N ___
C I __
A __
L
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I ___
N A __

__
O __
A __
A __
I __
N
C T __
T R __
N S __

Types of Information managed by different organizations

S __
T UD
T
__
__ E
__ N __

C O
R
D
__ E __
__ R __

Types of Information managed by different organizations

P __
A T __
I __
E N __
T
__
C O
R
D
__ E __
__ R __

Types of Information managed by different organizations

M __
E __
R C __
H A __
N __
D I S__ E
__
E N T__ O
Y
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I NV

Types of Information managed by different organizations

C __
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S T __
O M __
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D
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C O

Lesson 1:
Understanding Database

Every day, the huge amount of

information that has to be managed
by almost every organizations grows
very fast.
For example, banks have to keep
track of so many financial
transactions; schools have to keep
track of thousands of student
records; and different scientific
organizations have to keep track of
very large information.

Lesson 1:
Understanding Database

What is a database?
A database is a collection of information that is related to a
particular subject or purpose.

Examples of simple database:

When you let your classmates sign in your slumbook, your

slumbook becomes a database.
When you create a telephone directory for your friends, your
telephone directory becomes a database.
When you make a list of items, their categories and prices to
buy in a bookstore, the list becomes a database.
The teachers class record and student profile written on
index card are also examples of a database.

Lesson 1:
Understanding Database

a notebook or index cards are not database.

The way information is organized on makes
them a database

Not all collection of information is a database

We cannot consider a single list of birthdates
and favorite colors as a database.
Why not? Because a database is organized and is
related to a particular subject or purpose.

Lesson 1:
Understanding Database

The kind of database we have just discussed is called

traditional or manual database.
A computerized database, which we will learn is called
DBMS.

What is DBMS?

A DBMS or Database Management System is a collection

of computer programs that enables users to create and
manage databases. It manages all requests for database
action from the users, such as updates and queries.

Lesson 1:
Understanding Database

How do we encounter DBMS in our every day life?

When the librarian using computer accesses information
about you every time you borrow or return books.
When a bank teller tells you that the bank does not allow
you to apply for a loan, because based on the records, you
still have an outstanding balance from your previous loan.
Whenever you pay your items in the grocery or
department stores checkout counter.
Databases come in many
forms and examples are
too many to mention

Lesson 1:
Understanding Database

Kinds of databases

A Flat-file database is a list

of information that is not
necessarily related to any
other lists or tables.

A relational database is a
the type that stores
information and conducts
searches by using data in
related tables.

Example:
A single list of students names,
their levels, and sections in an
excel worksheet

If a relationship is created
between two or more tables,
it becomes a relations
database.

Lesson 1:
Understanding Database

Tables, fields, and records

Fields

Records

Table

Information in a database
is usually organized and
stored in a table.
Each table contains
information about a
specific topic.

Rows in a table are called records.

Columns are called fields.
A field is a category of information.
A record is the set of fields for a specific item.

Lesson 1:
Understanding Database

Advantages of DBMS
Compared to a manual database, a computerized database is more
flexible, compact, and faster.
It reduces the probability of inconsistent data.
When a database is teamed with computer, many of the problems
with a manual database are eliminated.

faster

It can find a specific record or information from among

thousands or even million entries within seconds.

compact

Since database records stored in filing cabinets can be stored in

a single memory storage device.

flexible

It has the ability to examine information from a number of ways,

so you could search for people living in the same city, or with
persons with the same last names.

Lesson 1:
Understanding Database

The Big Project

Now that you have the basic concepts of databases and their practical
applications, we can now start planning and developing the end of the
quarter project,
A database for students
Create a computerized library
A database for books
system that will facilitate
A
database
for
tracking of borrowed and
transactions
returned
books.
The
A main menu that will
computerized system should
allow the library to update the
present choices for the
records of books and of the
users
borrowers. The system should
Screens or forms that will
contain
the
following
let adding, editing, and
databases:

deleting of records.

Examples of Database Management

System

Library System
School Admission System
Warehouse Inventory
Patients Record
_____________________
_____________________
_____________________

Quiz 1:
Directions: Answer the following briefly:
1. Write down at least two examples of a manual
database.
2. What motivates the study of DBMS?
3. What are the advantages of a computerized
database over a manual database?
4. Give some instances when we encounter DBMS.
5. Classify the kinds of databases and differentiate
each.

Assignment 1:
Create a manual database in your notebook that
will contain 20 records. The database will be
named My Friends Directory. The fields to be
used are First Name, Last Name, Mobile
Number, Address, Year level, and section.