THE

Circulatory
System

Function

All parts help to move

nutrients, waste, and oxygen
around the body.

The Circulatory System is made up of:

Heart: major organ in the

circulatory system
Made up of three muscle
layers

p. 73

Muscle Layers
Myocardium second layer
muscle that makes up the thickness
of the heart

Endocardium thin later inside

Myocardium

Epicardium thin cover over the

Myocardium

Circulatory System
Other parts of the circulatory system
are the arteries, capillaries, veins, and
blood. They all move nutrients,
metabolic waste, and oxygen.
Another important role the circulatory
system plays is protection against
Microbes and injury

The Circulatory System is made up of:

Veins: carry deoxygenated blood from

body to heart

Arteries: carry oxygen

rich blood to body cellsaway

Arterioles: small arteries that

connect to capillaries
Venules: small veins that
capillaries empty into

Capillaries: minute blood

vessels in body tissues that
connect venules and arterioles,
allowing for exchange of
materials through

 Lymph vessels/glands:
removes excess fluid from
tissue, filter it, and provide
disease fighting lymphocytes
and antibodies

Types of Circulation
Pulmonary
Systemic
*Makes it a double circulation
system, which is also called a
closed system

Parts of the Circulatory System

Left atrium:Receives blood from
the pulmonary veins
Left ventricle:pumps blood to the
aorta
Right atrium: Receives blood
from both vena cava
Right ventricle: Pumps blood into
the Pulmonary artery

When the
ventricles
relax -this is
called diastole
When the heart beats, the
ventricles contract -this is
called systole

 Aorta:The major (LARGEST)

artery leaving the heart with
oxygenated blood that becomes the

abdominal and the thoracic

aortas to deliver this blood to
arteries all through the body
Coronary Arteries(L/R): Branch off
the aorta to supply blood to the heart
muscle itself

Coronary Veins(L/R): Return

deoxygenated blood to heart

Brachiocephalic trunk(Artery):
Branches off the aorta, it branches
into the Carotid Arteries which
supply the head and neck region with
oxygenated blood, then the Jugular
Veins bring the deoxygenated blood
back

Branch off the (abdominal)

aorta
Internal and External Iliac
Arteries: to supply the pelvic and
hip region with oxygenated blood,
then branch into Femoral Arteries
Renal Arteries: Supply oxygenated
blood to kidneys, also supplies blood
for filtration

Superior Vena Cava:

Brings blood from head,
neck, and forelimb to heart

Inferior Vena Cava:

Brings blood from lower
regions of body to heart

Pulmonary Artery:
Receives deoxygenated blood
from right ventricle and
carries it to the lungs

Pulmonary vein: Brings

oxygenated blood from
the lungs to left atrium

 Hepatic Portal Vein: Carries

deoxygenated blood from the
gastric vein from the stomach, the
splenic vein from the spleen,
pancreatic veins from the pancreas,
and the mesenteric vein from the
intestines, to the liver to be purified
(and to store the nutrients), then
carries the blood back to the heart
through the inferior(caudal) vena
cava

Cardiac (Striated Involuntary)

Muscle

Bovine Heart

Transverse
Section
of
Bovine Heart

a. Bicuspid(Mitral) Valve

b. Tricuspid Valve

Aortic Semilunar
Valve (Left Ventricle)

Superior Vena
Cava
Right Pulmonary
Artery

Inferior Vena
Cava

Aortic Arch

ACTIVITY: Listen to the LubDub

When you go for a checkup, your
doctor uses a STETHOSCOPE to listen
carefully to your heart. A healthy heart
makes a lub-dub sound with each beat.
This sound comes from the valves
opening and shutting on the blood
inside the heart.

The first sound (lub) happens when the

blood hits the mitral and tricuspid
valves between the atria and ventricles.
The next sound (dub) happens when the
blood hits the aortic and pulmonic
valves that close up after the blood has
been squeezed out of the heart and as
the heart relaxes to fill with blood for
the next beat.

Select a partner, obtain a

stethoscope and practice
listening for the lub dub
noises.

p. 113

ACTIVITY 2 Heart
dissection in small
groups

EXCRETORY SYSTEM

Kidneys and bladder part of

the Excretory System that
rids the body of waste.
In addition, the kidneys
maintain chemical
composition, volume of
blood, and tissue fluid.
p. 73

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

The stomach and intestines largely

comprise this system. They break
down food into smaller pieces to
be used by the body. Nutrients are
gleaned (extracted) from the food
particles.

Respiratory System
4. Lungs are a major part that
is the place where oxygen is
taken in by the nose and
passed on to the lungs and
then goes into the blood.

Fish have gills

Amphibians
Amphibians can breathe through
their lungs & moist skin by a
process known as OSMOSIS
They take in oxygen, water, salt and other
minerals necessary to sustain life through
the process of osmosis.
Osmosis is the process by which water diffuses
through a cell membrane.

Nervous System
Brain, spinal cord, and nerves make
up the Nervous system. The
coordinator of all body activities,
regulates other systems, and controls
memory and learning

p. 73

Skeletal System
Bone, cartilage and joints make up
the skeletal system, which provides
protection for all the vital organs.

Reproductive System
Ovaries & testes make up this
system. They function to produce
new individuals of the same
species.
Ovaries >>>eggs-female
Testes>>>>sperm-male

MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Muscles make up this

system. They give the body
its movement, posture,
support, and produces heat.

Muscular System

Voluntary Muscles
Involuntary Muscles (animal
cant control Ex=heart)