Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Statically Indeterminate
Structures
Introduction
Using approximate methods to analyse statically
indeterminate trusses and frames
The methods are based on the way the structure
deforms under the load
Trusses
Portal frames with trusses
Vertical loads on building frames
Lateral loads on building frames
Portal method
Cantilever method
Approximate Analysis
Statically determinate structure the force
equilibrium equation is sufficient to find the support
reactions
Approximate analysis to develop a simple model of
the structure which is statically determinate to solve a
statically indeterminate problem
The method is based on the way the structure
deforms under loads
Their accuracy in most cases compares favourably
with more exact methods of analysis (the statically
indeterminate analysis)
Determinacy - truss
br 2j
Statically determinate
br 2j
Statically indeterminate
Trusses
real structure
approximation
Method 1: Design long, slender
diagonals - compressive diagonals are
assumed to be a zero force member and
all panel shear is resisted by tensile
diagonal only
Example 1 - trusses
Determine (approximately) the forces in the
members. The diagonals are to be designed to
support both tensile and compressive forces.
FFB = FAE = F
FDB = FEC = F
approximation
Pin-supported
One assumption
must be made
assumed
hinge
fixed -supported
Three assumption
must be made
assumed
hinge
Partial fixity
assumed
hinge
A point of inflection
is located
approximately at
the girders
midpoint
Points of inflection
are located
approximately at
the midpoints of all
three members
The horizontal
reactions (shear) at
the base of each
column are equal
The horizontal
reactions (shear) at
the base of each
column are equal
approximation
Example 2 (contd)
Average point
between the two
extremes =
(0.21L+0)/2 0.1L
approximation
approximation
approximation
x ( xi A) / A