Presented by: FMDVelasco

inability to function effectively

and adapt to the demands of

society.
Example: cannot take a bath, cannot
cook, cannot wash the dishes and
cannot commute on their own.

 People

whose
behavior
conforms with that of the majority
are considered normal, those
who differs greatly are abnormal.

Limitation: Not all rare are abnormal.

Example: A genius or people with
superior intelligence.

 Abnormal behavior as a deviation

from the norm or what most people

do.
Problem: Categorization people

change over time and people do not

always agree on what is the standard
behavior or ideal behavior

 People judge their own normality

and only those who are distressed

by their own thoughts and behavior
are considered normal.
Example:
Psychologists
identify
homosexuality as a psychological disorder
and is described to be seriously unhappy
with their sexual preference.

 Following the rules of the society

right and wrong.

Members may be labelled as
violator means that he/she is
abnormal.
Example:

Filipino does not stop

during flag ceremony; Taking selfie
picture at Taj Mahal for Indians

 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

for Mental Disorders Fifth Edition

A system of classification which is
highly accepted as a standard that
is provided by the American
Psychiatric Association
describes around or more than
300 specific mental disorders

 Intense feelings of apprehension

and anxiety that impede daily

functioning
Causes: Genetic factors, chemical

deficiencies in the brain, learned

response to stress, inappropriate and
inaccurate cognitions about ones
world.

 Types:
1. Generalized Anxiety Disorders
- Characterized to be nervous and

irritable.
a.

b.

Panic disorder. People generalized

by anxiety with panic attacks.
Phobic disorder. Phobia which is
irrational centered on some specific
object or situation

c. Obsessive compulsive disorder

Obsession involuntary (you cannot
irrational thought (not thinking clearly,
poor judgment) occurs repeatedly.
Compulsion an action that a
person uncontrollably performs again
and again, although an individual has
no conscious desire to do so.
control),

Types of Compulsion
1. Checking rituals such as
looking under bed
2. Contamination compulsions
hand washing

 Patterns

of
behaviors
characterized by complaints of
physical symptoms in the absence
of any real physical illness.

Causes: Physical condition allows the

person to escape or reduce the

source of stress

 Types:

1. Hypochondriasis preoccupation
with bodily symptoms as possible
signs of serious illness.
Example:
Lump in the neck May bukol ako
baka cancer na to

 Types:

2. Conversion Disorder person

develops some physical dysfunction
such
as
paralysis,
blindness,
deafness or loss of sensation in some
part of the body.
Example: Hindi na ako makagalaw,
ang sakit ng ulo ko

 involve moods or emotions that

are extreme and unwarranted

which intrudes on everyday living.
Causes: Both psychological and
biological
theories.
Chemical
imbalance malfunctioning of
norepinephrine and serotonin

 Types:

1. Major depression frequent

episodes of intense hopelessness,
lowered self-esteem, problems
concentrating
and
making
decisions, changes in eating and
sleeping
patterns,
fatigue,
reduced sex drive and thoughts of
death

 Types:

2. Bipolar disorders
a. Bipolar I two emotional
extremes depression and mania
(elated, very active emotional state)

b. Bipolar II extreme mood

swings

 Types:

2. Bipolar disorders
b. Bipolar II includes depression
and atleast one episode of
hypomania (mania that is not severe
enough to interfere with everyday life)

Cyclothymia disorder slightly

more common pattern of less
extreme mood swings than bipolar
disorder.
2. Dysthymic
disorder more
common and less severe than
major depression but less intense
and last for atleast 2 years.
1.

3. Seasonal Affective Disorder

depressive symptoms occur
during winter moths when the
periods of daylight is shorter.
(crave extra sleep and eat more
carbohydrates)

Designate the dissociation or

splitting off, certain kinds of
behavior that are normally
integrated.
Loss of contact with proportions
of consciousness or memory,
resulting in disruptions in ones
sense of self.

Cause: Allow people to escape

from
anxiety
producing
situation.

Types:
1. Psychogenic amnesia partial or
total memory loss that can last from a
few hours to many years.
2. Psychogenic fugue suddenly
leave their present life and establish
new and different existence
3. Multiple Personality Disorder
develops
2
or
more
distinct
personality

Patterns of traits that are long

standing, maladaptive and inflexible
that
keeps
a
person
from
functioning in the society.
Causes:
Problems
in
family
relationships to biological inability to
experience emotions.

Types:
1. Anti-social displays no
regard for moral or ethical rules
and continuously violates the
rights of others, manipulative,
impulsive, lacks feelings for
others and lack of conscience
and guilt.

Types:
2 Narcissistic exaggerated
sense of self and selfimportance; preoccupied with
fantasies and success, lacks
empathy, often expects special
treatment.

Types:
3.
Paranoid
continual
unjustified
suspicion
and
mistrust
of
people,
often
appears cold, unemotional and
easily offended.

Types:
4. Histrionic overreacts and
overdramatic in response to
minor situations, often seen as
vain, shallow, dependent or
manipulative.

Types:
5. Avoidant tends to be a loner or
social snob, oversensitive to
rejection or possible humiliation.
6. Schizotypal not disturbed
enough to be diagnosed as
schizophrenic,
strangeness
in
thinking, speech and behavior.

Schizophrenia serious psychotic

disorder (out of touch with reality)

Loose association
Word Salad (jumble of words that are
spoken)
Delusions (false beliefs that maintained
even though they are clearly out of
touch of reality)
Hallucinations (experience of perceiving
things that do not actually exist)

Types:

Disorganized (speech incoherent,

strange
facial
grimaces,
inappropriate silliness, bubbling)
Catatonic(disordered movement)
Paranoid
Undifferentiated
Residual