Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
Tahun : 2007
Versi : Revisi
Pertemuan 06
Sebaran Penarikan Contoh
1
Learning Outcomes
2
Outline Materi
3
Sampling and Sampling
Distributions
• Simple Random Sampling
• Point Estimation
• Introduction to Sampling Distributions
• Sampling Distribution of x n = 100
• Sampling Distribution of p
• Properties of Point Estimators
• Other Sampling Methods n = 30
4
Statistical Inference
• The purpose of statistical inference is to obtain
information about a population from information
contained in a sample.
• A population is the set of all the elements of interest.
• A sample is a subset of the population.
• The sample results provide only estimates of the
values of the population characteristics.
• A parameter is a numerical characteristic of a
population.
• With proper sampling methods, the sample results
will provide “good” estimates of the population
characteristics.
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Simple Random Sampling
• Finite Population
– Replacing each sampled element before selecting
subsequent elements is called sampling with
replacement.
– A simple random sample from a finite population of
size N is a sample selected such that each
possible sample of size n has the same probability
of being selected.
– Sampling without replacement is the procedure
used most often.
– In large sampling projects, computer-generated
random numbers are often used to automate the
sample selection process.
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Simple Random Sampling
• Infinite Population
– A simple random sample from an infinite
population is a sample selected such that the
following conditions are satisfied.
• Each element selected comes from the same
population.
• Each element is selected independently.
– The population is usually considered infinite if it
involves an ongoing process that makes listing or
counting every element impossible.
– The random number selection procedure cannot
be used for infinite populations.
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Point Estimation
8
x
Sampling Distribution of
9
Sampling Distribution of
x
• The sampling distribution of x is the
probability distribution of all possible
values of the sample
mean .x
• Expected Value of x
E( x ) = µ
where:
µ = the population mean
10
Sampling Distribution of
12
Sampling Distribution of
• Expected Value of p
where:
p = the population proportion
13
Sampling Distribution of
p
• Standard Deviation of p
p (1 − p ) N − n p (1 − p )
σ σp p= σp =
n N −1 n
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• Selamat Belajar Semoga Sukses.
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