Periodic Table

Periodic Table

We need to be able
to arrange these
somehow to
make it easier to
locate the
information.

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Elements were arranged by

similar properties into rows
Elements were arranged by
increasing atomic weight
into columns

Periodic Table

Mendeleev encountered some problems

while arranging the elements.

Periodic Table
Te

and I Tellurium has a larger atomic mass

than iodine, so Tellurium should go under Br..
Telluriums properties dont match up with that
group.
The properties match if you switch the elements,
so Mendeleev placed Iodine after Tellurium.
Result:

Properties are more important

than atomic mass when arranging the elements.

Periodic Table
Al

and Si Mendeleev was ready to place

Arsenic, and the next available spot was under
Aluminum. Arsenics properties did not
match that group or the group containing
Silicon, so Mendeleev left two blank spaces
and placed Arsenic after them.

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Result:

Mendeleev predicted that two new

elements would be discovered in the future to
fit in those spots. He also predicted their
properties based on his arrangement.
They were discovered years later- his predictions
were surprisingly accurate!

Periodic Table

New Additions

Since Mendeleevs time, other elements have

been added to the periodic table.
Noble Gases (Group 18)- the first 3 were
discovered by William Ramsay (very hard
because they are inert, dont react with anything)
Lanthanides and Actinides- placed at the bottom
of the table by Glenn Seaborg
Many lab-created (synthetic) elements have been
added at the bottom of the table

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Atomic Number and Atomic Mass

Atomic number increases by 1 for each

element. Increases down and to the right.
Atomic mass also increases down and to the
right. (These numbers are already on the
table.)

Periodic Table
The periodic table
can be separated into
three main sections:

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Soft, can be cut with a knife,

1 valence electron, react
violently with water

Periodic Table

H- explosive, flammable
Na- heart health
K- salt substitute, bananas
Fr- radioactive

Periodic Table

Same properties as group

one but not as strong
Have two valence electrons

Periodic Table

Mg- white fireworks,

flashbulbs
Ca- bones, teeth, hair
Ba- stomach testing

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Cr- chrome
Fe- steel, hemoglobin
Ni- coins, base metal
Cu- pennies, pipes, wire
Zn- galvanizing
Ag- ornamental, jewelry
Au- ornamental, jewelry, money
Hg- thermometer, toxic

Periodic Table
F- toothpaste
Cl- cleans water systems, pools,
bleach
Br- medications
I- antiseptic (cleans germs from
cuts)

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Dissolve in water and alcohol,
form salts with groups 1 and
2, great cleaning agents,
seven valence electrons,
most reactive elements on
the periodic table

Periodic Table

Stable, unreactive
gases, eight
valence electrons

Periodic Table

He- balloons
Ne- lights, signs
Ar- light bulbs
Rn- radioactive gas

Periodic Table

Inner transition elements, Rare earth elements,

Lanthanides and Actinides
Many of the top row are used in electronics,
bottom row is mostly radioactive

Periodic Table

Important elements

C- makes up living things

N- atmosphere, plants, explosives
O- air, rocks, most common element on Earth
Si- computer chips
P- glow in the dark, fertilizers, DNA
S- smelly, medications
As- poison
Sn- antique
Pb- old paint, solder, bullets

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Periodic Table

Periodic Table