SCADA DCS AND PLC

INTRODUCTION
SCADA DCS and PLC based automation
systems are available

Selection depends on factors like type of process
industry, scale of production etc
PLC
Programmable Logic Controller
PLC is a digital computer designed for
multiple inputs and output arrangements,
extended temperature ranges, immunity to
electrical noise, and resistance to vibration
and impact
Speed and accuracy of the operation can be
greatly enhanced using plc.
PLC INPUTS AND OUTPUTS
process can be automated using a PLC.

Proximity Sensors Motor
Limit Switches Actuators
Pressure Switches Pumps

PLC APPLICATIONS
Robots manufacturing and control
Car park control
Train control station system
Food processing
Materials handling
Machine tools
Conveyer system etc.
PLC ADVANTAGES
Reliability.
Flexibility in programming and
reprogramming.
High speed of operation.

PLC DISADVANTAGES

Limited design

Fixed Circuit Operations.

SCADA
SCADA stands for Supervisory Control And Data
Acquisition
As the name indicates, it is not a full control system,
but rather focuses on the supervisory level
purely software package that is positioned on top of
hardware to which it is interfaced, in general via
Programmable Logic Controllers (PLC's), or other
commercial hardware modules
I/O channels of several 100 thousands I/O's
Distributed control system (DCS)
DCS is a system of dividing plant or process control into
several areas of responsibility, each managed by its
own
controller, with the whole system connected to form a
single entity, usually by means of communication buses.

The entire system of controllers is connected by
networks for
communication and monitoring.

The entire system of controllers is connected by
networks
for communication and monitoring.
The DCS is a control system which collects the
data from the field and decides what to do with
them. Data from the field can either be stored for
future reference, used for simple process control,
use in conjunction with data from another part of
the plant for advanced control strategies
DCS ADVANTAGES
Control function is distributed among multiple
CPUs (Field Control Stations). Hence failure of
one FCS does not affect the entire plant.

Redundancy is available at various levels.

Information regarding the process is presented to
the user in various formats
SCADA & DCS APPLICATIONS
Electrical power grids and electrical generation
plants

Manufacturing

Oil and Gas Industry

PLC AND DCS
PLC DCS
Used for low loop
count
Typical performance
100 PID loops/sec
Manual
documentation

Large engineering
effort required in case
of expansion
Used for high loop
count
Typical performance
1000 PID loops/sec
Automatic
documentation
Less engineering
effort required in case
of expansion

PLC DCS
Simple operating
interface
Ladder logic used to
configure
Value of individual
component
manufactured very
less

Sophisticated
operating interface
Use function block
diagram to configure
Value of individual
component
manufactured not
very less


PLC DCS
Down time results in
loss of production
Return to steady state
production after an
outage is short

Operators primary
role is to handle
exceptions
Down time results in
loss of production
and can results
damage of process
equipment
Return to steady state
production after an
outage is not short
Operators role is to
keep process in target
performance range

DCS AND SCADA
DCS SCADA
Distributed control
systems
Costly
Used in control level
DCS is process state
driven
choice for installations
that are limited to a
small locale,
Supervisory Control
And Data Acquisition
Less Costly
Used in supervisory
level
is event driven
preferred when the
entire system is
spread across a much
larger geographic
location
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