Robbins et al.

, Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition

2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Chap 3
Planning
Defining the organizations goals,
establishing an overall strategy,
and developing a hierarchy of
plans to achieve goals
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Reduces the
Impact of Change
Provides
Direction
Minimizes Waste
and Redundancy
Sets Standards to
Facilitate
Control
Reasons
for Planning
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Technopreneruship (WBB10102)
Levels of Goals/Plans

Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Criticisms of
Formal
Planning
May Create
Rigidity
Cant Replace Intuition
and Creativity
Cant Be Done in a
Dynamic Environment
Focus on Todays
Competition
Reinforces
Success
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Does Planning Improve
Performance?
Financial results
Environmental concerns
Quality and implementation
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Objectives Time Frame Scope
How Do Strategic and Tactical
Plans Differ?
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
The Time Frame of Planning
Short-Term
Plans
Long-Term
Plans
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Specific Plans











Directional Plans
Clear
General
Low
High
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Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Single-Use
vs. Standing Plans
Unique
Situations
Ongoing
Operations
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Organizational
Objectives
Divisional
Objectives
Departmental
Objectives
Individual
Objectives
What Is Management by Objectives?
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Common Elements of MBO
Goal specificity
Participative decision making
Set time period
Performance feedback
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
More Difficult
Goals Lead
To Higher
Performance
Does MBO
Work?
Specific Goals
Lead to
Better Results

Support from
Top
Management
Is Critical
Participation
Is Key
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Employees Setting Objectives
Identify key job tasks
Set specific and challenging goals
Encourage active participation
Prioritize goals
Build in feedback
Link rewards to goal attainment
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Problems with MBO
Efforts directed primarily toward output
Encourage individual rather than team
efforts
Goals may discourage efforts for
continuous improvement
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Identify Current
Mission, Objectives
& Strategy
The Strategic
Management Process
Reassess
Mission

Strategies
Evaluate
Results
1
Analyze
Resources
Note
Weaknesses
and Strengths
Analyze
Environment
Note
Threats and
Opportunities
2 3
4 5
6
7 & 8
9
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Starting the
Process
Strategies Mission
Objectives
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Competitive
Intelligence
Environmental
Scanning
Analyzing the
Environment
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
SWOT
Analysis
Threats Opportunities
Weaknesses
Strengths
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Identifying Opportunities
Opportunities in
the Environment
Organizations
Resources
Organizations
Opportunities
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Determining A
Business-Level Strategy
Differentiation
Cost
Leadership
Focus
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.
Benchmarking
Quality As
A Strategic
Weapon
ISO 9000 and
ISO 14000
Six Sigma
Robbins et al., Fundamentals of Management, 4th Canadian Edition
2005 Pearson Education Canada, Inc.