SLEEPING DISORDERS(SOMNIPATHY)

- Is a medical disorder of the sleep

patterns of a person or animal. Some
sleep disoders are serious enough to
interfere with normal physical, mental
and emotional functioning.
- Circadian Rhythm is a roughly 24-
hour cycle in the biochemical,
physiological or behavioral processes
of living entities.
COMMON CAUSES OF SLEEP DISORDERS:
Anxiety
Pain
Environmental noise
Various drugs- many drugs can affect the
ratio of the various stages of sleep, thus
affecting the overall quality of sleep
Drug withdrawal can lead to loss of ability to
get to sleep and can last for several days
to weeks
COMMON SLEEP DISORDERS:
1. Snoring and Sleep Apnea: snoring
is not a disorder in and of itself, but it
can be a symptom of deeper
problems. Snoring may seem benign,
but it may represent a difficulty in
keeping the throat open while one
sleeps. It has a more serious
companion, sleep apnea.
Sleep apnea is a chronic medical condition
where the affected person repeatedly stops
breathing during sleep. These episodes last
10 seconds or more and cause oxygen
levels in the blood to drop. It can be caused
by obstruction of the upper airway, resulting
in obstructive sleep apnea, or by a failure of
the brain to initiate a breath, called central
sleep apnea. It can cause and worsen other
medical condition, including hypertension,
heart failure, and diabetes.
2. Insomnia
An inability to obtain a sufficient
amount of sleep to feel rested and
can be characterized either by
difficulty falling or staying asleep. It
is the most common sleep disorder,
with many potential causes
3. Bruxism
involuntarily grinding or clenching
of the teeth while sleeping

4. Hypopnea syndrome
Abnormally shallow breathing or
slow respiratory rate while sleeping
5. Night terror, Pavor nocturnus/sleep
terror disorder
abrupt awakening from sleep
with behavior consistent with terror
6. Periodic limb movement disorder
(PLMD)
Sudden involuntary movement
of arms and/or legs during sleep, for
example kicking the legs. Also known
as nocturnal myoclonus.


7. Sleepwalking or somnambulism
Engaging in activities that are
normally associated with
wakefulness (such as eating or
dressing), which may include
walking, without the conscious
knowledge of the subject.
8. Nocturia
A frequent need to get up and go
to the bathroom to urinate at night. It
differs from Enuresis, or bed-wetting,
in which the person does not arouse
from sleep, but the bladder
nevertheless empties.
9. Sleep paralysis
Characterized by a temporary
inability to move while transitioning
from sleep to wakefulness, such as
when falling asleep or waking up. It
may be frightening as one may seem
to be awake, but unable to move.
10. Jet lag
A temporary condition caused by
rapid travel across time zones as
may occur with jet trips and may
leave an individual experiencing
fatigue, insomnia, nausea, or other
symptoms as a result of the internal
circadian rhythm, or body clock,
being misaligned with local time.