Dr. M. P.

Trivedi
(M.Com. LLB, M.Phil, PhD)
Associate Professor
B. J. Vanijya Mahavidyalaya, Vallabh Vidyanagar
M-9375974050
Ashok Gaur
(M.Com, B.Ed, M.Phil, M.A, NET, SET)
Assistant Professor
B. J. Vanijya Mahavidyalaya, Vallabh Vidyanagar
M-9409491392
E-Mail: shk_gaur@yahoo.com

Abstract
E-Governance is not meant only for introducing or using
technological tools, it fundamentally strives to bring
about a change in mindset and work culture to integrate
government processes and functions to serve the citizens
better
With the advent of Information Communication
Technologies (ICT), governance has entered into the new
sphere of globalization.
This paper focuses on how e-governance brings good
governance and how e-governance is changing the work
culture among government. This paper also attempts to
present a case for E-Governance initiative by Indian
Government
Introduction
Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, former President of India, has
visualized e-Governance in the Indian context to
mean:A transparent smart e-Governance with
seamless access, secure and authentic flow of
information crossing the interdepartmental barrier
and providing a fair and unbiased service to the
citizen.
E-Governance is thus a wider concept than e-
Government, which is the use of ICTs in the
dissemination of services of government.
Evolution of E-Governance

Global shifts towards increased deployment of IT by
governments emerged in the nineties; with the advent of
the World Wide Web (WWW).The technology as well as e-
governance initiatives have come a long way since then.
The concept of e-Governance has its origins in India during
the seventies with a focus on development of in-house
government applications in the areas of defense, economic
monitoring, planning and the deployment of IT to manage
data intensive functions related to elections, census, tax
administration etc. The efforts of the National Informatics
Center (NIC) to connect all the district headquarters
during the eighties was a very significant development.

Phase I Presence: This first phase calls for making the
intentions and objectives of the government known.
Development of an inclusive government website, or a network
of sites dedicated to different ministries and departments would
set the stage for further advancements.
Phase II Interaction: This phase would allow for basic
interaction with the government. Besides hosting search engines
on the sites for easy navigation, information detailing social
records and job application forms for the public, permit and
license documentation for businesses and census details,
submission of requests and approvals to the centre by local
government officers would have to be provided.
Phase III Transaction: This phase onwards would signify
direct interaction of the government and relevant entities. Phase
IV Transformation: This final phase would strive to achieve
the true vision of e-Governance.


Phases of E-Governance



Types of Interactions in e-Governance

G2G (Government to Government) In this case, Information
and Communications Technology is used not only to
restructure the governmental processes involved in the
functioning of government entities but also to increase the
flow of information and services within and between different
entities.
G2C (Government to Citizens) In this case, an interface is
created between the government and citizens which enables
the citizens to benefit from efficient delivery of a large range of
public services.
G2B (Government to Business) Here, e-Governance tools are
used to aid the business community providers of goods and
services to seamlessly interact with the government.
G2E (Government to Employees) This interaction is a two-
way process between the organization and the employee.



Better access to information and quality services for
citizens: ICT would make available timely and reliable
information on various aspects of governance.
Simplicity, efficiency and accountability in the
government: The end result would be simplification of
the functioning of government, enhanced decision
making abilities and increased efficiency across
government
Simplicity, efficiency and accountability in the
government: Rapid growth of communications
technology and its adoption in governance would help in
bringing government machinery to the doorsteps of the
citizens
E-Governance and Good Governance



The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP), takes a holistic view of
e-Governance initiatives across the country, integrating them into a
collective vision, a shared cause.
The Government approved the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP),
comprising of 27 Mission Mode Projects and 8 components, on May
18, 2006.
In the year 2011, 4 projects - Health, Education, PDS and Posts were
introduced to make the list of 27 MMPs to 31Mission Mode Projects
(MMPs).
The existing or ongoing projects in the MMP category, being
implemented by various Central Ministries, States, and State
Departments would be suitably augmented and enhanced to align
with the objectives of NeGP
The major core infrastructure components are State Data Centres
(SDCs), State Wide Area Networks (S.W.A.N), Common Services
Centres (CSCs) and middleware gateways i.e National e-
Governance Service Delivery Gateway (NSDG), State e-
Governance Service Delivery Gateway (SSDG), and Mobile e-
Governance Service Delivery Gateway (MSDG).

E-Governance Initiatives in India




products and services supported by NIC to the e-governance in India
AGMARKNET:
BHUIYAN - Land Records Computerisation:
ePOST:
Examination Results Portal
Gyandoot e-Governance Project
JUDIS
Passport Website:
RuralBazar:
Value Added Tax (VAT):
Public Grievances:
Rural Services
Police:
Social Services
Public Information
NEWS Services :
Agriculture sector: Speeds
Commercial : Taxation
Government: Electronic
E-Governance Initiatives in India









E-Governance Challenges

The biggest challenge of deploying e-governance is not technology but
change management.
Change management is important not only in terms of cultural change but
also in terms of changing operations and processes workflow that the
automated environment will introduce.
The key challenges with electronic governance are not technology or internet
issues but organizational issues like Redefining rules and procedures,
Information transparency, Legal issues, Infrastructure, Skill and awareness,
Access to right information ,Interdepartmental collaboration, Tendency to
resist the change in work culture
Assessment of local needs and customizing e-Governance solutions to meet
those needs
Connectivity
Content (local content based on local language)
Building Human Capacities
e-Commerce
Sustainability
Trust
Resistance to change
Digital Divide
Cost
Privacy and Security



Issues in the e-governance
implementation
Application software
The three step method is proposed
Where are we
Where we want to go
How do we get there



Future Trends
Bright and prosperous future.
Government of every nations spends a good part of its GDP in e-
Governance
Future e-Governance research agendas can be built around
future visions for government and society
The framework itself needs assessment and validation
E-Governance or electronic governance is basically the
application of Information and Communications Technology to
the processes of Government functioning in order to bring about
Simple, Moral, Accountable, Responsive and Transparent
(SMART) governance. According to an officer from NIC, success
factors of e-Gov projects -10% Technology, 60% Process ,20%
Change Management, Rest is luck.
Conclusion
With the rapid explosion of internet technology in the world
in the last few years there is need to think where we will be
and we want to be in the future.
With the time grows new technology will come and develop at
a rapid pace.
The countries that are faster in adopting the technology have
started reaping the benefits already.
The government managers should quickly learn to use
technology-fueled management tools for administrative
efficiency and use them for a more value added service to the
citizen.
Several hindrances like delay in project implementation,
spiraling cost, financial feasibility and financial sustainability
along with technical bottlenecks and Integration with
Government departments and states.


Thank you