Complement and Cytokines

Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo

Department of Clinical Microbiology
Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University

Suggested eadings
! "#$% ! "#$" ! "#$"

&he Complement
Subject:
' Complement Definition
' Complement Activation
' Complement eceptor
' Complement egulation (rotein
' Complement )ffectors

Complement Definition
'
Complement* A group of serum and cell membrane
proteins that interact with one another and with other
molecules of innate and adaptive immunity to carry out
key effector functions leading to pathogen recognition
and elimination* +Owen, Punt, & Stranford, 2013,
'
Complement* A set of plasma proteins that act together
as a defense against pathogens in e-tracellular
spaces* &he pathogen becomes coated with
complement proteins that facilitate its removal by
phagocytes and that can also kill certain pathogens
directly* Activation of the complement system can be
initiated in several different ways* +Murphy, 2012,

(athways of complement activation


(roteins .nvolved in the
Complement System


C$/ mannose0binding lectin/ and ficolin*

C$ binding to the
Fc portions of
.gM and .g1


&he Classical (athway of Complement Activation


MAC Formation

&he three main classes of complement
activity in the service of host defense

.nitiation of the lectin
pathway

&he initiation of the alternative pathway of complement*
+d,


eceptors that bind complement components

Complement eceptors +C,


&he eceptors C%a and C2a

(athways of opsoni3ation of apoptotic
cells by complement


(roteins involved in the regulation of complement activity

&he regulation of complement activity


4verview of the complement pathways

&he Cytokines
Subject :
'
Cytokines Definition
'
Cytokines Activation
'
Cytokines eceptor
'
Cytokines Signaling &ransductions
'
Chemokines

Cytokines Definition
'
Cytokines* Any of numerous secreted/ low0
molecular0weight proteins that regulate the
intensity and duration of the immune response by
e-erting a variety of ef ects on lymphocytes and
other immune cells that e-press the appropriate
receptor*+Owen, Punt, & Stranford, 2013,
'
Cytokines* Any small protein made by a cell that
affects the behavior of other cells* Cytokines
made by lymphocytes are often called
interleukins +abbreviated .5,* Cytokines act via
specific cytokine receptors on the cells that they
affect* +Murphy, 2012,

6iology of Cytokines

Cytokines Action

Cytokine
Attributes


Cascade .nduction

Cytokines
7etwork

Si- Cytokines Families

Structure of cytokine receptors

Structure of cytokine sub unit receptors

&he .50$ Family of Cytokine eceptors

&he .50$ Family of
Cytokine eceptors
Signaling

Cytokines Structure
Four0 alpha heli-s

Structure of
.50" and its
receptor

&he three forms of the .50" receptor


.nteractions between cytokine0specific subunits
and a common signal0transducing subunit of the
gamma0chain family of cytokine receptors*

.F70gamma
.F70gamma and eceptors


S&A& and 8A9 interaction with selected
cytokine receptors during signal
transduction

Members of the &7F ligand and receptor
superfamily

&7F Signaling



)-pression and known functions of
members of the e-tended .50$: receptor family

&he .50$: family of cytokines
and their associated receptors*

.50$: Signaling


Chemokines Signal &ransduction

Chemokin ;
5eukocytes Migration

Steps in e-travasation +Diapedesis,

Multistep leukocyte0endothelial interactions
mediating leukocyte recruitment into tissues*

Chemokine eceptors on .mmune Cells

Chemokine receptor control of leukocyte
trafficking

Sitokin dan espons .mun

oles of cytokines in innate immunity to
microbes

5ocal and systemic actions of cytokines
in inflammation

(roperties of &<$/ &<"/ and &<$:
subsets of CD=+ helper & cells

Function of
&<$

Function of
&<"

Function of
&<$:

Cytokines Assay

&herapeutic Cytokines


Summary
'
Cytokines> Cell to Cell Communication
'
Atribute> pleiomorphic/ redundancy/
antagonist / synergy/ cascade induction
'
Famili> .nterleukin/ <ematopoietic/
Chemokines/ &7F/ .F7
'
Clinical Function> Marker/ (redictor/
Diagnosis/ &herapeutic of Disease/ anti0
Disease