CHAPTER 5

BEDDING, LINEN AND

UNIFORMS
HHB3013 CHILD CARE CENTRE OPERATIONS
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TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOMES
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After reading this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Identify the necessary equipment that will meet
child, adult and service area needs
2. List criteria for choosing equipment
3. Describe a system for managing equipment
INTRODUCTION
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Your personality will be reflected in the physical
environment you create as you strive to meet the needs
of the children
Creating rich learning environments that are replete
with abundant opportunities for children to be actively
involved with age- appropriate and individually
appropriate materials requires thoughtful, careful
selection of classroom equipment and supplies.
Staff members are able to do their assigned jobs more
efficiently and comfortably when they work in
adequately equipped environments
Bed Components
Foundation - The foundation is the bottom component of the sleep set, which is
designed to support the mattress. The foundation absorbs the weight and stress
placed on the bed and is a very important element in all beds. Foundations are
traditionally built of wood but are also available in a variety of metals.
Headboard - The headboard of the bed does not specifically serve any purpose.
Although they are an attractive element in the overall appearance of your bed,
the headboard does not change the way you sleep. There are many headboard
designs and models, which can enhance the aesthetics of your bedroom.
Bed Frame - Bed frames are designed to stabilize and support your sleep set.
Traditionally, bed frames are made of wood or metal and are available in a
number of sizes and designs. Bed frames can be used for all bed sizes including
twin beds, double beds, queen size beds, king size beds and California king size
beds.
Bed Risers - Bed risers are used to make the bed higher. When it comes to
convenience, higher beds are better than lower beds especially for individuals
suffering from joint problems. These also add a unique element to the overall
appearance of your bedroom.
Bed Sizes
Twin bed: also called a single bed is the smallest sized bed available. A twin bed measures 39" wide by
75" long. This twin bed provides the sleeper with 39 inches of space. Due to its small size twin beds
can fit easily into small rooms such as children's bedrooms and guest rooms. Twin sized bedding is
also the cheapest available and there is a large selection to choose from. Twin sized beds are most
commonly used as a child's bed as it is too short for many adults.
Double bed: also called a full size measures 54" wide by 75" long. Double beds can accommodate two
people however each sleeper only has 27 inches of space (smaller than a twin). For this reason many
couples find a double bed too narrow and too short to sleep comfortably. However, a single person may
find a double bed to be a good fit. This is another bed better suited to smaller rooms or those on a
tighter budget; both the bed and bedding are affordable.
Queen bed: this is a popular sized bed as it provides more sleep space than a double and is more
affordable than a king. Queen sized beds measure 60 wide by 80 long and provides each sleeper with
30 inches of space. 10% to 25% smaller than king size beds. A queen bed may be found in a room of
any rate category; some hotels do not distinguish between queen beds and double bed. This is the
most common size with bed manufacturers and every style of bed can be found in a queen size.
King bed: also referred to as a standard king or eastern king, this is the largest sized bed measuring
76" wide by 80" long. A king size bed is normally the largest size bedding available and is
approximately the same size as two twin beds viewed side by side. One or two king size beds are
commonly provided in a deluxe room or suite. A king size bed may not fit up the stairs or in smaller
bedrooms, the bedding is the most expensive and it requires three pillows or two specialty king sized
pillows.
California king bed: also called the western king. This variation of the king sized bed is designed for
taller people. The California king measures 72" wide by 84" long. However, where length is gained, the
width is lost, so each sleeper has 36 inches of space. Again, this is a large bed and it may not fit easily
up the stairs or in smaller rooms. Bedding is also expensive and hard to find. However, it is abundantly
available on the west coast, where this size of bed is popular.
Mattress Types
Innerspring Mattresses - Innerspring
mattresses provide maximum support
and firmness to the user. If you feel like
the mattress you have now does not give
you the support you need, you may want
to consider switching to an innerspring
mattress. Innerspring mattresses are
constructed like a sandwich, with
insulating material and padding on both
sides of a coil unit. Design of the coil unit
is important in mattress construction.
The resiliency, temper, number of turns
in each coil, gauge of steel in individual
springs, and the manner in which the
springs are tied are of great importance
in evaluating the quality of an
innerspring mattress. Good mattresses
have a layer of tough insulation to
separate padding from springs. Good
quality innerspring mattresses should
last for more than 10 years.
Figure: Innerspring mattresses.

Mattress Types
Foam Mattresses - Foam mattresses are
found in two types of materials (latex
foam and urethane. Latex foam is slab of
100 percent pure rubber, formed in one
of two types of molds- pin core (small)
holes or honeycomb (larger hole
pattern). The advantage of foam over
regular innerspring mattresses is that
foam is no allergenic, less expensive, and
easier to roll up for storage. Foam,
however, does not have the longevity of
innerspring mattresses. They were not
well received initially because they
leaked, the water had to be heated, they
required special (and costly) sheets, and
they were prohibitively heavy for some
multistory structures.

Figure: Foam mattresses.
Mattress Types
Box springs - are like
shock absorbers. They
cushion the weight and
sleep movements of the
sleeper and provide a large
portion of the experienced
sleep comfort. The best test
for a set of box springs is to
stretch out on it and see if
you experience firm
support in all areas of the
body.
Figure: Box Springs
Mattress Types
Air Mattresses - Air mattresses are designed to
relieve discomfort due to back or joint pain. If you
wake up with sore back muscles and aching joints,
an air mattress may accommodate to your needs
perfectly.
Memory Foam Mattresses - Memory foam
mattresses are great for individuals who suffer
from allergies. This type of mattress eliminates
allergens, providing you with cleaner air to sleep
and get the rest you need.


Mattress Sizes
Twin - Twin size mattresses are also known as single mattresses and are the
smallest size of mattress available.
Double - Double mattresses are average size and are big enough to fit two
grown adults. Double mattresses are usually the size you will find in the hotel
rooms with two beds. These are the second smallest in size.
Queen - Queen sized mattresses are bigger than average and provide more than
enough room for two fully-grown adults. They are the second largest size of
mattresses available.
King - King sized mattresses are the largest form of mattress on the market and
provide enough room for two grown adults and possibly one or two children.
This is the type of bed you will find in hotel suites.
Extended - Extended mattresses are designed for individuals who are tall and
need a mattress that is extra long. It is important to note that when you
purchase an extended mattress it will be longer, but the material added to the
length will be lost in the width.
Bed Frames

Bed frames are necessary for reinforcing the stability and support of the sleep
set.
Bed frames are made of metal or wood.

1. Metal is the general term for bed frames made of lightweight steel.
2. These frames are durable, offer strong foundation support and are very
affordable.
3. Lower cost or discount metal bed frames often require self-assembly, however
most kits don't require the use of tools. Look for kits with locking mechanisms,
as they will more strongly secure the corners and rails.
4. Also, king size frames and queen size frames should have a center support
beam. Bed frames with 1 or inch side angle rails offer more flexibility in the
headboard and footboard attachment.

Foldaway Bed
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A foldaway bed with mattress that is neatly folding, compact when folded,
comfortable and strong, lightweight and easy to carry or wheel along when
folded. Mattress folds with the beds for easy storage. Strong steel weldmesh base.
When folded measures 113cms. High X 92 cms. Wide X 32cms. Thick. Bed size is
193 cm. long X 92 cm. wide X 37 cm. high. Mattress size is 193 cm. long X 92 cm.
wide X 10cm. thick
Snuggle Bed
Soothing lullaby and womb sounds by
pediasleep.com with 5-level volume control
New comfort mesh liner designed for softness,
increased airflow and decreased heat buildup for
baby
Soft led nightlight enables quick and easy checks on
baby throughout the night
Sturdy vented walls with soft quilted cover with
mesh panels for increased airflow
0-4 months or until baby begins to pushup or
rollover

Bed Frames Wood Bed Frame
1. Offer the same stability and support of metal bed frames,
but are more aesthetically pleasing. Matching the wood
bed frames with the headboard and other furniture
provides consistency throughout the bedroom. However,
the type of wood selected will depend on the room decor,
lighting and humidity levels. Another attractive option is
iron bed frames, which have a timeless, elegant look.
2. Extra length is added in order to fit comfortably for those
who are too tall for normal sized beds. Frames designed
for smaller areas will often have a sleek, minimalist
design so as not to take up too much room.
3. Most bed frame manufacturing companies offer some
form of warranty on their bedding products. Bed frames
are usually subject to a 10 year warranty incase it
becomes damaged or falls apart. A bed framing company
who refuses to provide a warranty on their products is
probably not worth considering.
Foundation and Box Spring

The foundation is the bottom component of the sleep set
and it supports the mattress.
The foundation absorbs the stress and weight placed on the
bed - it's comparable to the shocks of a car.
Traditionally, bed foundations are built of wood and those
incorporating springs are known as a box spring.
Springs provide "give," which allows your body weight to be
more evenly distributed. Today there are multiple
foundation types available serving various support needs.
.

The posture box foundation is a wooden frame with a flat top, which is covered with
fabric to match the mattress. This style of foundation does not include springs and tends
to absorb mattress weight less effectively. These foundations are usually low-cost and as a
result, they have a shorter lifespan. The semi-flex grid foundation is a wooden frame with
a rigid metal wire grid suspended above support slats. This foundation is firm and
provides minimal "give" in supporting the mattress.
The foam foundation is made of dense foam. This foam foundation is used to support a
foam mattress only. This foundation distributes mattress weight evenly, prolonging the
mattress life.
The coil spring foundation is also known as a box spring since it uses a system of spring
coils to support the mattress. The cone-shaped coils are made of heavy-gauge wire to
absorb mattress weight in a uniform manner. This foundation provides a high level of
support and has a softer feel than spring less foundations. A coil spring foundation can
have a slight side-to-side sway under sudden movements.
The modular grid or torsion grid foundation is considered to provide the best mattress
support. Heavy-gauge square coils are attached to a wooden frame containing many
support slats. The square coils evenly absorb and distribute weight torsion, resulting in a
long lasting mattress. Modular grid foundations are common with top quality sleep sets.
Types of Foundation and Box Spring
Care and Maintenance of Beds.

The better-quality mattress covers are made of
vinyl materials and are stain resistant, non-
allergenic, flame retardant, as well as being
moisture proof.
A washable mattress pad that is also non-allergenic
and flame retardant is placed above the mattress
cover.
Inspections can then reveal whether or not a
particular mattress has been rotated.
Turning the mattress every 4 months
Pillows

Pillows are essential for providing proper neck alignment, shoulder alignment and support
while we sleep. Like a mattress, a pillow that does not provide proper support will result in
discomfort, which in turn disrupts sleep. For this reason it is essential to have the proper pillow
firmness level to support your sleep position, the ideal pillow filling materials, the proper
pillow size for your bed size and it should be is designed to accommodate any special needs.
The price of pillows depends highly on the style, size and make of the pillow. Down pillows
generally cost more because of the quality of the pillow filling. Likewise, body pillows will cost
considerably more than most throw pillows because of the size and the amount of material
required in making the pillow. Choose your pillow very carefully. The pillows you choose will
have a great impact on the quality of sleep you receive. Getting quality sleep is important in
maintaining great mental, physical and emotional health.

1. Pillow Firmness - The firmness of your pillow will affect your head and neck muscles. If you do
not have the appropriate level of firmness for your body requirements, you will wake up with
sore neck muscles and headaches.
2. Pillow Filling Materials - There are many materials that can be used to fill a pillow. Down
pillows are the softest type of pillow on the market, but other materials such as foam, latex and
polyester will provide you with the neck and head support you need for a comfortable sleep.
3. Pillow Sizes - There are a number of sizes of pillows on the market right now. Throw pillows are
smaller pillows usually used for decorating.
MANAGING LINEN SUPPLY
Managing linen supply effectively involves;
1. Obtaining the appropriate linens for the size and
category of the property, whether through
purchase or rental
2. Calculating linen demand
3. Establishing proper inventory controls
4. Setting up a workable system of distribution
5. Creating a replacement schedule
DURABILITY

The longevity and cost effectiveness of linens
depends to great extend on their durability. The
executive housekeeper must consider the following
when assessing durability
Fabric construction
The weight of the fabric
How strong the fabric is
How much surface wear the fabric can stand

Linen Size
Size is another important factor in sheets selection.
Sheets are available in this standard sizes:
Twin 72 wide inches by 104 inches long, a size
used more commonly in residence
Halls and an increasingly small percentage of
holder U.S and overseas hotels
Double 81 inches wide by 104 inches long
Queen 90 inches wide by 115 inches long
King 108 inches wide by 115 inches long
TRACKING UNIFORM INVENTORY

The one for one-trade soil uniforms for clean ones provide a
built in daily check of uniforms inventory. After all uniforms
are issued for a particular shift, the uniforms attendant will
be able to tally key inventory information including:
How many total uniforms were issued
How many uniforms required repair
How many uniforms represents biohazard maybe
temporary and permanently out of inventory
How many uniforms were condemned
CREATING A REPLACEMENT SCHEDULE

Using inventory reports, the linens controller or the
executive housekeeper can track usage patent and
determine when the linen inventory needs to be
replenished.
Under ordinary circumstances and with proper laundering
and handling, most sheets that are used daily will last 2 or 3
years.
If sheets rag out well before days, the executive
housekeeper should review laundry procedures, check
chutes for loose metal that maybe tearing sheets, and
schedule a meeting with the vendor to discuss the problem

STOCKING LINEN

There are three basic approaches, with myriad refinements, to stocking
linen .One is to place all linen in a central room where carts are
restocked a second is to stock the carts in floor linen rooms. The third is
to stock the attendants carts directly.
The central linen room system, each room attendant brings his or her
shift. Rolling carts filled with clean bed linen and towels are taken to the
central linen room, usually during the shift, although this could be
assigned during the graveyard shift. Then, the attendant carts are
cleaned and restocked with linens and guest supplies for next days
This system has several advantages:
All linens are in a central area
All carts have the same amount of linens

BLANKETS

The key factor to consider when selecting blankets is:
1. Warmth = in hot climates, a light covering maybe warm enough
2. Weight = a lighter blanket is usually less constricting and more comfortable
3. Moisture = the construction and fibers should be porous and / or absorbent
enough to transmit any moisture buildup to the surrounding air so the blanket
does not feel wet or clammy.

WEAVE a blanket is made in much the same way as a fabric sheet. The following
are the most common weaves for blanket.

TYPE there are basic types of blankets commonly used in hotels:
1. Standard blankets are manufacture with tight construction and napped on both
sides. Needle punch and electronics blankets with large pockets
2. Sheets blankets are used for any conditioned evenings and as extra covers for
clod winter nights. Their tight construction makes them less porous than
blankets with large pockets.



BATH LINEN
A few deluxe hotels offer specially towels such as huck
towels, small hand towels made of carded cotton,
rayon or a combination of both. Huck towels
sometimes require ironing. Some upscale hotels use
towels with velvety plush on one side and looped
terry on the other
Before purchasing, the executive housekeeper should
test a sample spread for wash ability.
Wash one spread in mild detergent, using warm water
and avoiding bleach
Dry the spread in a low heat and slow tumbling cycle.
Compare the spread to other new spreads that have
not been washed. Acceptable shrinkage is 2 percent.
Examine the spread for color fitness.
If the spread is quilted check to see whether the
quilting are easily broken or if the filler is breaking
up.
Different Type of Towel

There are varieties of terry towels most of which can
be manufactured in qualities and yarn as per listed:
Hydro Fill (super absorbent), Anti Bacterial, Anti Static,
Soil Repellent, and Fire Retarded.
Different types of towel
Solid Dyed
Jacquard
Painted
Embroidery
Zero Twist
Yarn Dyed
Beach Towels
Kitchen Towel
Fancy Towels
Bed Sheet

Bed Sets, Bed in a Bag,
Comforters both knitted
and woven from T-120 to
T-420.

Type of Bed sheet:
1. Solid Dyed
2. Printed
3. Embroidery