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A network connects hardware devices through physical or logical connections to allow information exchange. Networks use a mix of computer hardware and software. They provide benefits like cost and time savings, increased efficiency, and allowing connections without structural or geographic barriers. A network can be a local, metropolitan, or wide area network depending on the distance covered. Common communication channels include coaxial cable, twisted pair, fiber optics, microwave, and satellite.
A network connects hardware devices through physical or logical connections to allow information exchange. Networks use a mix of computer hardware and software. They provide benefits like cost and time savings, increased efficiency, and allowing connections without structural or geographic barriers. A network can be a local, metropolitan, or wide area network depending on the distance covered. Common communication channels include coaxial cable, twisted pair, fiber optics, microwave, and satellite.
A network connects hardware devices through physical or logical connections to allow information exchange. Networks use a mix of computer hardware and software. They provide benefits like cost and time savings, increased efficiency, and allowing connections without structural or geographic barriers. A network can be a local, metropolitan, or wide area network depending on the distance covered. Common communication channels include coaxial cable, twisted pair, fiber optics, microwave, and satellite.
A network is a set of hardware devices connected together, either
physically or logically to allow them to exchange information. Networks are built with a mix of computer hardware and computer software. Objective Device Sharing Data Exchange Benefit Cost Saving Time Saving Increase Efficiency No Structural Barrier No Geographical Barrier Types of Network Local Area Network Distance 0 to 2KM radius or within a campus Metropolitan Area Network Distance 2 to 10 KM radius or within a city Wide Area Network Distance more than 10 KM radius or beyond a city Topology Star
Bus
Ring
Mesh Communication Channel Co-axial Cable * 300 BPS - 10 MBPS * Less Cost Twisted Pair * 56 KBPS - 200 MBPS Fiber Optics 500 KBPS - 6.4 TBPS Highly Technical Microwave 256 KBPS - 100 MBPS Costly Line of Sight Problem Satellite * 256 KBPS - 100 MBPS * Sender can receive the data to cross check
Network Tools and Components Host Node NIC Modem Hub and Switch AP Bridge Gateway Router Backbone ISP Firewall Classification of Networking
Class A For Very Big Organizations IP Address From 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 Class B For Medium Organizations IP Address From 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255 Class C For Small Organizations IP Address From 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255 Class D For Multicast IP Address From 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255 Class E Reserved IP Address From 240.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255
Network Technology Intranet Intranet is a private computer network used by companies for employees. It is only accessible within a limited area, thus increasing the security of the network Ex: Organization network Extranet Extranets are basically intranets between a company and its as well as suppliers and customers who must login. Ex: Access of data from other branch, corporate data etc. Internet Maximum users, open for public, any general connection VPN A Virtual Private Network based on Internet with a private tunnel to pass the data from source to destination. It is highly secured. Typically used in Banking DNS Domain Name System. A database to store the web and IP address DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Used to assign automatic IP addresses to the systems
Network Architecture Client Server Distributed A Network Model Router Intranet Server Intranet Server The Internet Fire wall Fire wall Router Internet Switch Switch Telecommunications Strategic Capabilities Overcome Geographic Barriers: Capture information about business transactions from remote locations. Overcome Time Barriers: Provide information to remote locations immediately after it is requested. Overcome Cost Barriers: Reduce the cost of more traditional means of communications. Overcome Structural Barriers: Support linkages for competitive advantage. A Telecommunications network model COMPUTERS TERMINALS Input / output devices COMMUNICATIONS CHANNELS Co-axial Cable, Twisted Pair Cable, Fiber Optics, Microwave, Satellite PROCESSORS: Modems, multiplexers, front-end processors COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE OS, Network Monitor System, Dialup software, Middleware etc. Trends in Telecommunications
More electronic commerce, enterprise collaboration, online business operations and strategic advantage in markets More vendors, carriers, alliances, and network services, accelerated by deregulation & Internet growth Extensive Internet, interconnected local & global digital networks, improved transmission channels Industry Trends Technology Trends Application Trends Telecommunication network components and alternatives Telecommunication media/Channel Telecommunication processors Hub Switch Router Gateways Telecommunication software Network Operating System Telecommunications Monitor Middleware Network Management Software Telecommunication network topologies