Scheduling

It is a detailed day to day Planning

- Which work centres will do will which job ?
- When should operation start and end ?
- Sequence of operations on equipment ?
- Who has to do ?
Repetitive operations like mass production,
scheduling is not a major issue
Job type production system is more concerned
with day-to-day scheduling
Scheduling
It is one of most complex tasks of operations
management

Complexity is in view of :
Usage of several resources simultaneously
Different capacities and capabilities of machine
Different skills of operators
Constraints on sequencing

Scheduling
Forward Scheduling : Starts with the order and
schedules each operation that must be
completed forward in time
Backward Scheduling : Starts with Due date
and schedules the required operations in
reverse sequence. It tells when a order to be
started to complete in time
In MRP, backward scheduling is done

Pre-production Planning
Design the product in customer order
Plan the operations the product must pass
through ..... this is the routing plan
Work moves between operations on a move
ticket
M.S Ramaiah School of Advanced Studies - Bangalore
Input-Output Control
Input-output control identifies problems such as
insufficient or excessive capacity or any issues
that prevents the order from being completed
on time.
Its precept is that planned work input to should
never exceed planned work output
Input-output control report compares planned
and actual input, planned and actual output,
and planned and actual WIP in each time period
I/O control helps either to reduce input at
bottlenecks or increase capacity

M.S Ramaiah School of Advanced Studies - Bangalore
Controlling Changeover Costs
Changeover costs - costs of changing a
processing step in a production system over
from one job to another
Changing machine settings
Getting job instructions
Changing material
Changing tools
Usually, jobs should be processed in a
sequence that minimizes changeover costs
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Priority Rules for Job Sequencing
1. First-come, first-served (FCFS)
2. Shortest operating time (SOT)
3. Earliest due date first (DDate)
4. Slack time remaining (STR) first
5. Slack time remaining per operation (STR/OP)

Priority Rules for Job Sequencing
(Continued)
6. Critical ratio (CR)


7. Last come, first served (LCFS)
8. Random order or whim
remaining days of Number
date) Current - date (Due
CR