POWER PLANT ENGINEERING

UNIT:III
DIESEL POWER PLANT
Department of Mechanical Engineering
CMR College of Engineering & Technology
Hyderabad
INTRODUCTION
Diesel power plants are installed in the following situations.
Supply of coal and water is not avail in sufficient quantity
Power is to be generated in small quantity.
Standby sets are required for emergency purposes in hospitals, telephone
exchanges, radio stations and cinemas.
Diesel power plants in the range of 2 to 50 MW capacities are used.
Demands for diesel power plants are increased for electric power
generation because of difficulties in construction of new hydraulic plants
and enlargement of old hydro plants.
Long term planning required for the development of hydro and thermal
plants.
Diesel power plants used for electric generation are more reliable and long
lived piece of equipment compared with other types of plants.

IC Engines
IC Engines
IC Engines Parts
Cylinder
Cylinder Head
Piston.
Piston Rings
Gudgeon Pin
Connecting Rod
Crank Shaft:
Crank
Engine Bearing
Crankcase
Flywheel
Governor
Valves
Fuel Pump
Fuel Injector
Combustion chamber
The four-stroke cycle

Suction Stroke: With the
movement of the piston
from TDC to BDC during
the stroke the inlet valve
opens and air at
atmosphere pressure is
drawn inside the engine
cylinder. The exhaust
valve is closed and
represented by the line 5-1
in the P-V diagram.

The four-stroke cycle Diesel Engine
Compression Stroke: The air drawn at atmosphere pressure during the
suction stroke is compressed to high pressure and temperature (35 bars &
600 C) as the piston moves from BDC to TDC. This operation is
represented by 1-2 in the diagram. Both inlet and exhaust vales do not
open during this stroke.
Working/Expansion Stroke: As the piston
starts moving from TDC a metered quantity
of fuel is injected into the hot compressed air
in the fine sprays by the fuel injector and the
fuel starts burning at constant pressure shown
by the line 2-3 in the diagram. The hot gases
of the cylinder expand adiabatically to the
point 4, thus doing work on the piston shown
as 3-4 in the diagram.
Exhaust Stroke: The piston moves BDC to TDC then exhaust gases
escape to the atmosphere through the exhaust valve. When the piston
reaches the TDC the exhaust valve closes and the cycle is completed and
this is represented by the line 1-5 in the diagram.
The two-stroke cycle Diesel Engine
The cylinder L is connected to the closed crank chamber
C.C. During the upward stroke of the piston M, The gases
in L are compressed and at the same time fresh air enters
the crank chamber through the valve V.

The two-stroke cycle Diesel Engine
When the piston moves downward, V closes and air in the crank chamber
is compressed. The piston is moving upwards and is compressed the air
which was previously been supplied to L and before piston reaches the
TDC the fuel injector supplies fuel to the engine cylinder.

Ignition of fuel takes place due to high temperature of air and gases escape
through this port. The transfer port is uncovered immediately and the
compressed air from the crank chamber flows into the cylinder and is
deflected upwards by the hump provided on the head of the piston.

The piston again moving from BDC to TDC and the air gets compressed
when the exhaust port and transfer ports are covered by the piston, thus the
cycle is repeated.
IC Engine Types
According to cycle of operation:
i) Two stroke ii) Four stroke
According to cycle of combustion:
i) Auto cycle ii) Diesel cycle iii) Dual combustion cycle
According to arrangement of cylinders:
i) Horizontal Engine ii) Vertical Engine
iii) V-type Engine iv) Radial Engine
According to their use :
i) Stationary Engine ii) Portable Engine iii) Marine Engine
iv) Automobile Engine v) Aero Engine
According to fuel used:
i) Oil Engine ii) Petrol Engine
iii) Gas Engine iv) Kerosene Engine
According to the speed of the engine used:
i) Low Speed Engine ii) Medium Speed iii) High Speed Engine
IC Engine Types
According to method of Ignition:
i) Spark Ignition Engine ii) Compression Ignition Engine
According to method of Cooling:
i) Air Cooled Engine ii) Water Cooled Engine
According to method of Governing:
i) Hit and Miss Governed Engine ii) Quality Governed Engine
iii) Quantity Governed Engine
According to Valve Arrangement:
i) Over Head Valve Engine ii) L-Head Valve Engine
iii) T-Head Valve Engine iv) F-Head Valve Engine
According to Number of Cylinders:
i) Single Cylinder Engine ii) Multi Cylinder Engine

IC Engine Types
Diesel Plant Layout
Diesel Plant Layout with Auxiliaries
Diesel Plant Layout with Auxiliaries
Diesel Plant Auxiliaries
Engine
Air Intake System
Exhaust System
Fuel System
Cooling System
Lubrication System
Engine Starting System
Governing System
Air Intake System
Exhaust System
Fuel System
Types of Fuel Injection System
Common Rail Injection System
Types of Fuel Injection System
Types of Fuel Injection System
Cooling System
Liquid Cooling System
Liquid Cooling System
Liquid Cooling System
Liquid Cooling System
Lubrication System