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AGRICULTURE EXTENSION
SYSTEM IN PUNJAB,
PAKISTAN
DR. IJAZ ASHRAF
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PRESENTATION CONSIST ON
ORGANIZATIONAL SET UP & CORE
FUNCTIONS
SYSTEM OF AGRICULTURE EXTENSION
PRESENT SYSTEM
AGRICULTURE STRATEGY
INTERVENTIONS
FUTURE VISION
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Adaptive research and pre-service/in service
training.
Preparation of production technology of major
crops.
Fixing of area and production targets.
Preparation of provincial level development
projects.
Interaction with provincial and federal
governments.
Interaction with research wing.
Provincial Level
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Amendments in agriculture laws and
provincial level implementation.
Overview the district level activities.
Planning and testing new strategies for
transfer of technology.
Service matters of provincial cadres.
Provincial Level(Contd.)
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Achievement of area and production targets
Implementation of production technology
Conducting village level trainings.
Implementation of approved projects
District Level
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Preparation of district level projects.
Implementation of agriculture laws
Participation in review meetings called
by provincial authorities
Feed back on researchable problems
District Level(Contd.)
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Role of EDOs
EDO is the in charge of different
agricultural department at district level like
Agricultural Extension, Livestock,
Fisheries, Forests, Soil Conservation, Soil
Fertility and water management. The EDO
is responsible to the District Coordination
Officer (DCO) who is answerable to the
elected District Nazim
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Role of DOAs
To supervise the agricultural extension
activities at district level
To plan extension activities
To monitoring the extension activities
To develop link with provincial government
To coordinate with private sector

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Role of DDOs
To supervise the agricultural extension
activities at tehsil level
To plan extension activities
To monitoring the extension activities
To develop link with district government
To compile data




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Role of AOs
AO is the frontline worker
The AOs conduct farmers training
Collect/compile information from markaz
Make contact with rural people
To implement all type of extension
activities at markaz level
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PRESENT SYSTEM
OF
AGRICULTURE
EXTENSION
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Extension Research Farmer
Technology
Feed back
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COMPONENTS
1. Technology Package Development
2. Farmer Education / Training
3. Feed Back / Monitoring
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1.1 Production Technology Package
Development
Respective research institute and Adaptive
Research prepare the draft. (L- 1 1.5 )
A committee chaired by DGA (Ext. & AR)
approves the draft.
The draft presented to Crop Management Group
(CMG) by DGA (Ext. & AR).
The Production Technology approved by CMG
chaired by Secretary/Minister Agri.

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1.2 TRAINING OF THE TRAINERS BEFORE
START OF EVERY CROP SEASON
Having the package prepared training
starts
One master trainer in every district
The master trainers trained by
resource persons from research wing
The master trainers train the trainers

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Training of farmers by Trainers
Agriculture Officers, DDOA(Ext.) and
DOA(Ext.) act as trainers.
Phases for Training and the portion of
Technology package to be covered in
every phase decided at provincial
level. (L- 2-2.37)
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1.3 Training of farmers by Trainers
Villages allotted to every trainer by DOA
(Ext.)
Detailed village wise schedule of trainings
worked out
Audio visual aids used and literature
distributed
Focus on small farmers
Farmers encouraged to ask questions
Concerned FA informs the farmers one day
earlier
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1.4 Monitoring of Training Program
Monitoring by the monitors deployed
from research wing by Secretary
Agriculture.
Monitors selected from the same crop
discipline.
Monitors also guide the field staff if they
are stuck.
The working groups meet on
weekly/fortnightly basis.
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1.5 Reinforcement of Training Messages
Reinforced through TV and Radio
The programs according to the season
and crop stage
Transmissions amended in view of
change in weather
Forecast of pest and weather

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ADAPTIVE RESEARCH
Main Objectives
To identify farmers problems
To compile the list of suggested trial topics arising
from problems faced.
To evaluate and demonstrate existing extension
recommendations
To develop & devise site specific improved
production technology.
To maintain effective linkage between extension
and research.

(L- 1.1)
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To develop production plan and technologies for
the extension staff
To test and evaluate new innovations in
Agriculture
To monitor the progress of project, Rejuvenation
of Fruit Orchards Phase-II
To update the website www.agripunjab.gov.pk
developed by Agriculture Extension Wing
To conduct outreach trials at farmers fields
To facilitate federal and provincial research
institutes for layout of their trials at A.R. Farms
ACTIVITIES
(L- 1.2)
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Site specific research on crops like
Wheat, Cotton, Rice, Pulses and Oilseeds
depending upon its socio-economic
importance in all Agro-ecological zones
To target the week linkages and their
solution for increasing crop productivity
To introduce modern innovation in order
to enhance net income of the farmer

Main Focus of Research
(L- 1.3)
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Parachute technology in rice
Testing of exotic rice verities to grab more export
share in international market.
Dry sowing with coulter and runner type drills in
wheat.
High plant population test in cotton
(variety CIM 497)
Tunnel technology for off-seasons vegetables.
Site specific studies on sugar beet for its
adaptability.
Intercropping of wheat with compatible crop in
Barani areas to increase net return
New Interventions
(L- 1.4)
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Locations
Headquarter: Lahore
A.R.Farms Sheikhupura,
Gujranwala
Sargodha, Chakwal,
Vehari, Karor (Layyah),
D.G.Khan & R.Y.Khan
A.R.Stations Faisalabad, Mianwali
Sialikot, Attock, Sahiwal
and Bahawalnagar
(L- 1.5)
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Maize
(1)
(L 2.12)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Maize Crop (Spring)
PHASE
Only One
PERIOD
Ist Jan to 15 Feb (Spring Maize)
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
1. Land preparation
2. Timely sowing
3. Selection of varieties/hybrids
4. Quality seed & seed rate
5. Weed control
6. Balanced use of fertilizer
7. Irrigation at critical stages
(L 2.13)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Maize Crop (Barani areas)
PHASE
Only One
PERIOD
Ist Jan to 15 Feb (Spring Maize)
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
1. Soil moisture conservation
2. Land preparation
3. Timely sowing
4. Selection of varieties
5. Quality seed & seed rate
6. Balanced use of fertilizer
(L 2.14)
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Cotton
(6)
(L 2.15)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Cotton Crop
PHASE
Ist
PERIOD
1st Dec. to 15th Feb.
(Fixed Schedule)
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
Uprooting of cotton sticks,
its disposal and grazing by
sheep. Ploughing of
unploughed cotton fields.
(L 2.16)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Cotton Crop.(Contd.)
PHASE 2nd
PERIOD
16 Feb. to 31st March (Fixed
Schedule)
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
Discouraging off season
cotton sowing.
(L 2.17)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Cotton Crop.(Contd.)
PHASE
3rd
PERIOD
16 April to 31st May
(Fixed Schedule)
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
Cotton Agronomy, varieties,
seed treatment, seed rate,
weed control, thinning,
irrigation, fertilizer etc.
(L 2.18)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Cotton Crop.(Contd.)
PHASE
4th
PERIOD
1st June to 15th July
(Fixed Schedule)
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
1. Identification of cotton
pests and diseases.
2. Pest management.
3. Pest scouting.
4. Control of sucking pests.
5. Control of bollworms
6. Helicoverpa Management
(L 2.19)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Cotton Crop.(Contd.)
PHASE
5th
PERIOD
17th July to 15th October
(Flexible Schedule)
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
1. Pest Management.
2. Pest scouting.
3. Control of sucking pest.
4. Control of boll worms.
(L 2.20)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Cotton Crop.(Contd.)
PHASE
6th
PERIOD
16th Oct. to 30th Oct.
(Fixed Schedule)
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
Cotton
contamination
(L 2.21)
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Sugar cane
(2)
(L 2.22)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Sugarcane Crop
PHASE
Ist
PERIOD
1st Jan to 15th Feb
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS

1. Land preparation
2. Sowing method
3. Selection of varieties
4. Seed treatment & rate
5. Water at critical stages.
6. Balanced fertilizer
7. Control of weeds
8. Control of insect pest and
diseases.
(L 2.23)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Sugarcane Crop.(Contd.)
PHASE
2nd
PERIOD 16 April. to 31
st
May
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
1. Fertilizer application
2. Irrigation.
3. Plant protection
(L 2.24)
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Rice crop
(2)
(L 2.25)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Rice Crop
PHASE
Ist
PERIOD
1st April to 15 May (Core area)
16 April to 30 May (Non-core area)
POINTS
OF
EMPHASIS
(Under normal
supply of
water)
1. Land preparation
2. Selection of varieties
3. Seed rate and treatment
4. Nursery sowing(not before 20
th
May)
5. Nursery treatment
6. Transplantation time
7. Plant population
8. Balanced use of fertilizer at
proper time
9. Weeds control with chemicals
10. Application of zinc sulphate
(L 2.26)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Rice Crop(Contd.)
PHASE Ist
PERIOD
1st April to 15 May (Core area)
16 April to 30 May (Non-core area)
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
(Under water
shortage
situation)
1. Puddling only for three days.
2. Weed control with chemicals.
3. Standing water only for 15 days.
4. Plant population 100,000 hills
per acre after 15
th
July.

(L 2.27)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Rice Crop.(Contd.)
PHASE
2nd
PERIOD 20th July to 31st August
POINTS
OF
EMPHASIS

1. Transplanting time (Basmati
varieties)
2. Plant population
3. Balanced use of fertilizer at
proper time
4. Zinc application
5. Weed control with chemicals
6. Control of insect pests and
diseases
(L 2.28)
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Citrus
(L 2.34)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Citrus Crop
PHASE Ist
PERIOD 15 Nov. to 31 Dec.
POINTS OF
EMPHASIS
1. FYM application
2. Balanced use of fertilizer
3. Inter culture
4. Weed control.
5. Plant protection
(L 2.35)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Citrus Crop (Contd.)
PHASE
2nd
PERIOD
Ist Jan. to 15 Feb..
POINTS
OF
EMPHASIS
1. Irrigation
2. Balanced use of fertilizer
3. Plant protection
4. Pruning
(L 2.36)
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SCHEDULE OF FARMER TRAINING
Citrus Crop (Contd.)
PHASE
3rd
PERIOD
Ist June to 15 July
POINTS
OF
EMPHASIS
1. Irrigation
2. Spray of Bordeaux
mixture
3. Replacement of lures
(L 2.37)
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