Caryll Tayo

A decimal denotes two meanings. It

may refer to a system of numeration
using base 10.
It also refers to a particular form
used in writing the fraction.

Example
fraction = 3/10
decimal point = 0.3


Decimal point or Separatrix


To separate the negative and
positive exponents of the base.

Example
Negative to Positive
= 10
-1
or 1/10

= 10
-2
or 1/100
If you have the numeral 1,453, it can be
written in expanded form as:

1453 = 1(10
3
) + 4(10
2
) + 5(10
1
) +
3(10
0
)

Example

425.137 = 4(10
2
) + 2(10
1
) + 5(10
0
) +
1(10
-1
) + 3(10
-2
) +7(10
-3
)
= 4(10
2
) + 2(10
1
) + 5(10
0
) +
1(1/10) + 3(1/100) +7(1/1000)













Take note:
the place value of the last digit is
read and the decimal point is read
as and.
Mariyah Blaisa Alley A. Tapia
To convert a Decimal to a Fraction
follow these steps:


It is important that you know the place
value of a number in converting decimals
to fractions.

Step 1: Multiply each number to its place
value.


Step 2: Add

Step 3: Simplify (or reduce) the fraction

Step 1: Multiply each number to its place
value.
0.75= 7(1/10) + 5(1/100)
= 7/10 + 5/100
Step 2: Add
0.75= (70+5)/100
= 75/100
Step 3: Simplify
0.75= 3/4
Example: Express 0.75 as a fraction
Note: 75/100 is called
a decimal fraction and
3/4 is called a common
fraction !
To convert a Fraction to a Decimal
follow these steps:

Step 1: Find a number you can multiply

by the denominator to make it 10, or 100, or
1000, or any 1 followed by zeros.

Step 2: Multiply both numerator and

denominator by that number.

Step 3: Then write down just the

numerator, putting the decimal point in
the correct spot (one space from the right
hand side for every zero in the bottom number)
Step 1: Since we dont have any number to multiply
to the denominator to make it 10, we multiply the
denominator by 25 to make it 100
4 x 25 = 100

Step 2: Multiply numerator and denominator by 25:
3/4 = (3 x 25) / (4 x 25 )
= 75 / 100

Step 3: Write down 75 with the decimal point 2
spaces from the right (because 100 has 2 zeros)

3/4 = 0.75


Example 1: Express 3/4 as a Decimal
Step 1: There is no way to multiply 3 to become 10 or
100 or any "1 followed by zeros", but we can calculate
an approximate decimal by choosing to multiply by,
say, 333

Step 2: Multiply numerator and denominator by 333:
1/3= (1 x 333)/ (3 x 333)
= 333 / 999

Step 3: Now, 999 is nearly 1,000, so let us write down
333 with the decimal point 3 spaces from the right
(because 1,000 has 3 zeros)
1/3= (1 x 333)/ (3 x 333)
= 0.333
Emie Grace V. Moting
A decimal that ends at one point and
does not go on forever.

It's a decimal with a finite number of
digits.

Also, fractions whose denominators are
integral power of 10.
3/10= 0.3
9/100= 0.09
= 0.5
= 0.75
A decimal number that has digits
that repeat forever or decimal that is
infinite.
Can be express as the ratio of 2
integers.
Also, fractions in which a digit
follows a pattern in a regular interval
when its operation is performed.
1/3= 0.33333...
2/7= 0.285714...
2/11= 0.1818...
5/6= 83333...
77/600 = 0.128333...
Could not be expressed as
fractions.

A decimal number that
continues infinitely, or
without end.
0. 3576...
0.17213...
3.1415926...
Decimal representation of
any irrational number, having
the property that no sequence of
digits is repeated regularly.
0.123145872
0.732050808
2.449489743
Non-terminating and non-
repeating decimals are
irrational numbers since they
can not be expressed as the
ratio of two integers.
Mariyah Blaisa Alley A. Tapia
To Multiply decimals numbers:
Ex.: 0.4 (2.8)= 1.12
Just multiply the numbers, then count the number of
decimal places.
To DIVIDE decimal numbers:

1. Move the decimal point in the divisor so that it becomes
a whole number.
2. Move the decimal point in the dividend the same
number of places to the right
3. Divide as if working with whole numbers. Write the
decimal point in the answer directly above the decimal
point in the dividend.
Addition rules
Examples:
Add the following numbers: 2.046, 0.658 and 1.39.
Line up the decimals, fill in any needed zero, and
add the columns.
Subtract the following numbers: 10.8 - 3.52

Line up the decimals, fill in any needed
zeros and subtract the columns.
Armi Christine Joy R. Baloyo
It is a way of writing
numbers that are too big or
too small to be conveniently
written in decimal form.
1.) All non-zero digits are
signifcant

123.4

There are four significant figures
2.) All zeros between two non-
zero digits are signifcant.

10054

There are five signifcant
figures.
3.) All zeros to the left of an
expressed decimal point are
significant.

10000

There are five significant
figures.
4.) All zeros after a decimal
point and to the left of a non-
zero digit are not significant.

0.000000123

Has only three significant
figures.

5.) All zeros to the right of a
decimal point and to the right
of non-zero digit are
signifcant.

0.04100

Has four significant figures.
Round the number to its desired
signifcant figures, usually 3 or 4.

Place the decimal point so that there
will be mainly one digit from the left.

Multiply it with the integral power of
10.
Count the number of decimal
places from the original position
to the new position to determine
the power of 10.

Note:
The power will be positive if the
movement of the decimal point is from the
right to the left.
The power is negative if the movement
of the decimal point is from the left to the
right.

a.) 12400000000 m = 1.24 x 10
10
m
b.) 0.000000172 km = 1.72 x 10
-7
km
c.) 4789000000000 ft = 4.78 x 10
12
ft
= 4.789 x 10
12
ft
d.) 0.00076438 = 7.64 x 10
-4
hectare
= 7.644 x 10
-4
hectare
Emie Grace V. Moting
Addition, Subtraction,
Multiplication and Division
of Scientific Notation
In adding or subtracting scientific
notation, it is important that the
exponents must be the same.

You must express the numbers as the
same power of 10. This will often involve
changing the decimal place of the
coefficient.
Equation:
(N x 10
x
) + (M x 10
x
) = (N + M) x 10
x


The first step, if necessary, is to change one
of the numbers so that both numbers have
the same exponential value.

Then add the N and M numbers together
and affix the common integral powers of ten.


Adding With the Same
Exponent

(3.45 x 10
3
) + (6.11 x 10
3
)
3.45 + 6.11 = 9.56
= 9.56 x 10
3




Adding With Different Exponents


(4.12 x 10
6
) + (3.94 x 10
4
)
(412 x 10
4
) + (3.94 x 10
4
)
412 + 3.94 = 415.94
= 415.94 x 10
4
to 4.15 x 10
6
(proper form)

Equation:
(N x 10
x
) (M x 10
x
) = (N M) x 10
x

The first step, if necessary, is to change
one of the numbers so that both numbers
have the same exponential value.

Then subtract the N and M numbers
together and affix the common integral
powers of ten.






Subtracting With the Same
Exponent

(8.96 x 10
7
) (3.41 x 10
7
)
8.96 3.41 = 5.55
= 5.55 x 10
7

Subtracting With Different
Exponents

(4.23 x 10
3
) (9.56 x 10
2
)
(42.3 x 10
2
) (9.56 x 10
2
)
42.3 9.56 = 32.74
= 32.74 x 10
2
to 3.27 x 10
3
(proper form)


To multiply, simply find the product
of the numbers, then add the
exponents.

Equation:
(n x 10
a
) (m x 10
b
) = (n m) x 10
a+b


(2.4 x 10
2
) (5.5 x 10
4
) = ?
[2.4 x 5.5 = 13.2]; [2 + (-4)= -2]
= 13.2 x 10
-2
to 1.3 x 10
- 1


To divide, find the quotient of the
number and subtract the exponents.

Equation
(n x 10
a
) / (m x 10
b
) = (n / m) x 10
a-b

(3.3 x 10
6
) / (9.1 x 10
8
) = ?
[3.3 / 9.1 = .36]; [-6 (-8) = 2]
= .36 x 10
2
to 3.6 x 10
1


http://www.mathsisfun.com
http://www.virtualnerd.com
http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Basic_Math_for_Adults/D
ecimals
http://home.comcast.net/~frankhanson2/Notation.htm
http://www.sparknotes.com/math/algebra1/scientificno
tation/section1.rhtml
http://www.mathsrevision.net/gcse-maths-
revision/number/decimal-numbers
http://www.regentsprep.org/regents/math/algebra/ao2/
scientificlesson.htm
Basic Mathematics book