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1

Transient Simulations (Restart/Shut-in) Using


CSMFlow
Govind Hegde
September 3
rd
, 2014
2
Restart/Shut-in Simulations Plan
The ultimate goal is to simulate steady state simulations,
followed by a shut-in, followed by a restart and then
attain steady state production again.
We are starting off with the simplest case of a restart
case
Currently facing some problems designing the
simulations using the Hydrodynamic Slug Flow model.


3
Restart Simulations
Previous simulations:
We have an initial U
SG(initial)
, U
SL(initial)
at the inlet of the flowline
U
M
= U
SG(initial)
+ U
SL(initial)
throughout the simulations
U
SG
, U
SL
change during simulation, but U
M
is constant
throughout
Hence, since gas-liquid slip U
S
(H
L
) depends only on the U
M
, it is
a constant function of H
L

4
Restart Simulations
Restart quiescent system with U
M
= 3 m/s, U
SL
= 2 m/s





At time t = 0, fluids in all cells have zero velocity
U
S
(H
L
) = 0



Time = 0 (Initial Conditions)
x = 1 x = 2 x = 3 x = i x = n-2 x = n-1 x = n
x = 0
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
5
Restart Simulations
When we begin the restart simulation, the first cell has
U
M
= source U
M
How do we determine the U
M
of the intermediate cells in
order to calculate slip velocity?
In other words, how does the fluid entering the first cell
travel along the flowline
First timestep (dt=1s), Time = 1s
x = 1 x = 2 x = 3 x = i x = n-2 x = n-1 x = n
x = 0
U
M
= 3
U
SL
= 2
U
M
= ?
U
SL
= ?
U
M
= ?
U
SL
= ?
U
M
= ?
U
SL
= ?
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
U
M
= 0
U
SL
= 0
Restart quiescent system with U
M
= 3 m/s, U
SL
= 2 m/s
6
Restart Simulations: Possible Solution
Is it fine to assume that the liquid travels with constant
velocity U
SL
= 2

(or U
M
= 3?), such that the liquid travels
along the line with that velocity like a wave front, and
hence updating the cell to U
M
= 3?
According to this, if the front is assumed to propagate at
liquid superficial velocity, the third and fourth cells will
have U
M
= 3 in the 2
nd
time step.
Timestep = t, dt = 1 s
x = 1 x = 2 x = 3 x = i x = n-2 x = n-1 x = n
x = 0
U
M
= 3 U
M
= ? U
M
= ? U
M
= ? U
M
= 0 U
M
= 0 U
M
= 0
7
Restart Simulations: Questions
Is it fine to assume a constant propagation of wave front
as in the previous slide?
If not, is there a better way of doing this in order to
represent the restart case in a better way?
What other considerations do we have to keep in mind
while simulating restart cases (since we do not consider
pressure and temperature effect on flow) ?

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