Microprocessor

socket
Southbridge
chipset
Northbridge
CMOS Battery
Memory slots
ROM Chip
Expansion
slots
ATX Power
Connector
IDE Socket
FDD Socket
AGP Slot
System Panel
Connector
Parts of Motherboard
ROM chip
- The chip or IC which contains and stores critical
programs such as the program that boots the computer and
BIOS.
Parts of Motherboard
Pronounced rahm, acronym for read-only memory, computer memory
on which data has been prerecorded. Once data has been written onto a
ROM chip, it cannot be removed and can only be read.

Unlike main memory (RAM), ROM retains its contents even when the
computer is turned off. ROM is referred to as being nonvolatile, whereas
RAM is volatile.

Most personal computers contain a small amount of ROM that stores
critical programs such as the program that boots the computer. In
addition, ROMs are used extensively in calculators and peripheral
devices such as laser printers, whose fonts are often stored in ROMs.
ROM
AGP Slot
- Accelerated Graphics Port supports 1.5 V
- Slot refers to a unit of space in a motherboard that supports
AGP cards and it yields a throughput rate of 266 MBps.

Parts of Motherboard
Expansion Slot (PCI or ISA)
- A socket on the motherboard that accepts an expansion card.
* PCI Peripheral Component Interconnect is a high-speed connection for
devices including modems, sound cards, LAN cards etc. It can run at clock
speeds of 33 or 66 MHz. At 32 bits and 33 MHz, it yields a throughput rate
of 133 MBps.

Parts of Motherboard
FDD Connector/Socket
- A socket for Floppy Disk Drive cable connector or interface.
Parts of Motherboard
Southbridge
- is the chip that controls all of the computers I/O functions, such as USB,
audio, serial, the system BIOS, the ISA bus, the interrupt controller and the IDE
channels. In other words, all of the functions of a processor except memory, PCI and
AGP. They do not normally come with a heat sink.
Parts of Motherboard
Southbridge
chipset
Northbridge
- a Chip that connects to a CPU to memory, the PCI bus, Level 2 cache and
AGP activities. The Northbridge chips communicate with the CPU through the FSB.
Parts of Motherboard
Northbridge
System Panel Connector
- This connector accommodates several front panel functions
a. System Power LED
b. HDD Activity
c. ATX Power Switch
d. Reset Switch
Parts of Motherboard

IDE Connector Socket (Intelligent Drive Electronics or Integrated Drive Electronics)
- A socket for IDE Cable connector/interface


IDE Socket
Parts of Motherboard
ATX Power Connector Socket
- A socket for the ATX Power Supply Cable Connector.
Parts of Motherboard
Parts of Motherboard
AT Power Connector Socket
Microprocessor Socket
- is the connector that interfaces between a computer's motherboard and
the processor itself. Earlier CPU sockets and processors are built around
the Pin Grid Array (PGA) architecture, in which the pins on the underside
of the processor are inserted into the socket, usually with zero insertion
force (ZIF) to aid installation. Today, most of the sockets used are built
with Land Grid Array (LGA) architecture. Processors used in this
architecture are sometimes termed as Pin less.


Parts of Motherboard
Socket 2 Socket 478 Socket 370 Socket LGA775 Slot mount
Memory Slots
- Slots for the memory modules (RAM) also called
memory banks
Parts of Motherboard
CMOS Battery
- CMOS & Clock Backup batteries perform the same function in desktop
and laptop computers: when the computer is turned off, the battery
maintains the time and date, thus insuring their accuracy when the system
is once again restarted. More importantly, the battery saves the
computers BIOS setup configuration, which allows the system to efficiently
reboot once it is restarted.
Parts of Motherboard
Com port
Serial port
p/s 2
Keyboard
port
Mouse
port
Parallel port
printer
Blue line in
Pink mic
Lime line out
Firewire interface
USB interface
LAN port
Parts of Motherboard
Rear Panel I/O
Good Luck Safety Precaution
T h a n k Y o u
Follow these safety precaution
when installing motherboard

Wear a grounding strap attached
to a grounded device to avoid
damage from static electricity

Discharge static electricity by
touching the metal of a safely
grounded object before working on
the motherboard.

Leave the components in the
static proof bags they came in.

Hold all circuit boards by the
edges.