Rock Engineering Course UiTM

Chapter 5.Tunnel and Underground Structure

(Refer to Appendix #4 also)























Tunnel and Underground Structures UiTM























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction























1. Introduction
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2. General Issues
2.1 Approach to Tunnel Design and Construction











































2. General Issues
2.2 Rock as a Construction Material




















2.3 Teamwork in Design





















2. General Issues




















2.4 The Process of Design and Implementation





















2. General Issues




















3.1 Principles of Tunnel Formation





















3. Concept of Tunneling




















3.1 Principles of Tunnel Formation





















3. Concept of Tunneling




















3.2 Mechanism of Ground Support




















3. Concept of Tunneling




















3.2 Mechanism of Ground Support




















3. Concept of Tunneling



















3.3 Sequence of Tunnel Design




















3. Concept of Tunneling



















4.1 Stresses Around a Circular Opening in a Biaxial Stress
Field




















4. Elastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) Kirsch equation, 1898



















4.2 Stresses Around a Circular Opening in a Uniaxial Stress
Field







































4. Elastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) Kirsch equation, 1898

4.3 Stresses Around a Circular Opening in a Hydrostatic
Stress Field







































4. Elastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) Kirsch equation, 1898
5.1 Stress and Displacement Theory







































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) S.K.Sharan, 2003
Perfectly plastic
Brittle-plastic
Stress field at infinity
Elastic region
Elastic region
a
5.1 Stress and Displacement Theory







































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) S.K.Sharan, 2003
5.1 Stress and Displacement Theory







































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) S.K.Sharan, 2003
5.1 Stress and Displacement Theory







































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) S.K.Sharan, 2003

5.2 Ground Reaction Curve (Convergence Confinement
Method)







































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) C.Carranza Torres and
C. Fairhurst,2000

5.2 Ground Reaction Curve (Convergence Confinement
Method)







































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) C.Carranza Torres and
C. Fairhurst,2000

5.2 Ground Reaction Curve (Convergence Confinement
Method)







































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) C.Carranza Torres and
C. Fairhurst,2000

5.2 Ground Reaction Curve (Convergence Confinement
Method)







































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) C.Carranza Torres and
C. Fairhurst,2000
5.3 Support Characteristic Curve (Convergence Confinement
Method)





































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) P.P.Oresta, 2002
5.3 Support Characteristic Curve (Convergence Confinement
Method)





































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) P.P.Oresta, 2002
5.3 Support Characteristic Curve (Convergence Confinement
Method)





































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) P.P.Oresta, 2002
5.3 Support Characteristic Curve (Convergence Confinement
Method)





































5.Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Tunnel Ref) P.P.Oresta, 2002
6.1 Definition of NATM





































6. New Austrian Tunneling Method
6.2 Basic Principles of NATM





































6. Principle of NATM






































6. Principle of NATM
6.3 NATM as a Design Philosophy
6.4 NATM as a Construction Method
6.5 Determination of Optimal Support Time





































6. Principle of NATM
6.6 Construction of NATM





































6. Principle of NATM
7.1 Introduction





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
Figure 5: (Left) Explotraary adit (Right) Deformed lining from the numerical analysis (after swelling)
7.2 Visco-elastic tunnel behavior





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
7.2 Visco-elastic tunnel behavior





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
7.2 Visco-elastic tunnel behavior





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
7.2 Visco-elastic tunnel behavior





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
7.2 Visco-elastic tunnel behavior





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
7.3 Visco-plastic tunnel behavior





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
7.3 Visco-plastic tunnel behavior





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
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7.4 Modeling of elastic visco plastic model





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
7.4 Modeling of elastic visco plastic model





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior
7.4 Modeling of elastic visco plastic model





































7. Time-Dependent Tunnel Behavior