2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.

Cisco Public
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 1
Living in a Network
Centric World
Network Fundamentals Chapter 1
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Chapter 1 2 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Objectives
How networks impact our daily lives.
The role of data networking in the human network.
Identify the key components of any data network.
Identify the opportunities and challenges posed by
converged networks.
The characteristics of network architectures: fault
tolerance, scalability, quality of service and security.
Install and use Internet Relay Chat (IRC) clients and a
Wiki server.
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Chapter 1 3 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
How Networks Impact Daily Life
The benefits of instantaneous communication and how
it supports and improves our lives.


.

Check your bank balance
and pay bills electronically
Receive and send e-mail,
or make an Internet phone
call,...
Obtain health information
and nutritional advice from
experts all over the world,
and post to a forum to share
related health or treatment
information.
Post and share your
photographs, home videos,
and experiences with friends
or with the world.
...
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Chapter 1 4 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
How Networks Impact Daily Life
The characteristics and purpose of popular
communication media such as, IM, Wikis , Blogs,
Podcasting, and Collaboration Tools
Instant messaging
Real time communication
between 2 or more
people based on typed text
Weblogs (Blogs)
Web pages created
by an individual
Podcasting
Website that contains
audio files available
for downloading
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 5 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
E-learning:
Courses delivered using network or Internet
resources
Multiplied the resources available to students many
times over
Online courses can contain voice, data, and video,
and are available to the students at any time from any
place
Online discussion groups and message boards
enable a student to collaborate with the instructor, with
other students in the class, or even with students
across the world.
How Networks Impact Daily Life
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Chapter 1 6 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
How Networks Impact Daily Life
The Cisco Networking Academy Program, which offers this
course, is an example of a global online learning experience
Courseware
Collaboration
Administration
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Chapter 1 7 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
How Networks Impact Daily Life
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Chapter 1 8 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Online courseware and delivery offer many benefits to
businesses. Among the benefits are:
Current and accurate training materials.
Availability of training to a wide audience.
Consistent quality of instruction.
Cost reduction.
How Networks Impact Daily Life
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Chapter 1 9 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
How Networks Impact Daily Life
Communication over a network changes the way we work
Remote
Access
Multiple
Resources
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Chapter 1 10 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
How Networks Impact Daily Life
Communication over a network supports the way we play
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 11 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Data Networking Role, Components, and
Challenges
Basic characteristics of communication
Rules or agreements are 1
st
established
Important information may need a confirmation
Various modes of communication may impact the
effectiveness of getting the message across.
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Data Networking Role, Components, and
Challenges
The role of data networking in communications

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Chapter 1 13 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Data Networking Role, Components, and
Challenges
Four elements of a network
Rules
Governs how messages
flow across network
Medium
This is how the devices
are connected together
Messages
Information that travels
over the medium
Devices
These are used to
communicate with one
another
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Chapter 1 14 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Data Networking Role, Components, and
Challenges
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 15 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Data Networking Role, Components, and
Challenges
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Chapter 1 16 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Data Networking Role, Components, and
Challenges
Converged network
A type of network that can carry voice, video & data over
the same network

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Chapter 1 17 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
Four characteristics that are addressed by network
architecture design
Fault tolerance
Scalability
Quality of service
Security
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 18 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
Four characteristics that are addressed by network
architecture design
Fault tolerance
Scalability
Quality of service
Security
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 19 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
Four characteristics that are addressed by network
architecture design
Fault tolerance
Scalability
Quality of service
Security
ITE PC v4.0
Chapter 1 20 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
Four characteristics that are addressed by network
architecture design
Fault tolerance
Scalability
Quality of service
Security
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Chapter 1 21 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
Circuit Switched Connection-oriented Networks
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Network Architecture Characteristics
Packet Switched Connectionless Networks - helps
improve the resiliency and fault tolerance of the Internet
architecture
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Chapter 1 23 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
Characteristics of the Internet that help it scale to meet
user demand
Hierarchical:
Tier-1 ISP: provide national and International connections
Tier-2 ISP: provide regional services
Tier-3 ISP: the local providers of services directly to end users
Common standards
Common protocols




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Network Architecture Characteristics
QoS (Quality of Service) mechanisms work to ensure
quality of service for applications that require it.

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Chapter 1 25 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
Queuing packets: the factors that necessitate Quality of
Service and the mechanisms necessary to ensure it

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Chapter 1 26 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
QoS strategy for a given type of traffic
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Chapter 1 27 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
Networks must be secure!
Network outage that prevents
communications and transactions
occurring, with consequent loss of
business
Misdirection and loss of
personal or business funds
Company intellectual property
(research ideas, patents or designs)
that is stolen and used by a
competitor
Customer contract details that
become known to competitors or
made public, resulting in a loss of
market confidence in the business
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Chapter 1 28 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Architecture Characteristics
Basic measures to secure data networks
Ensure confidentiality through use of
User authentication
Data encryption
Maintain communication integrity through use of
Digital signatures
Ensure availability through use of
Firewalls
Redundant network architecture
System without a single
point of failure

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Chapter 1 29 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Summary
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Chapter 1 30 2007 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Public