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Chapter 12
Economic Prosperity
Life began to improve toward the end of
the Middle Ages
New farming technology produced more
food
There was a new emphasis on learning.
By the 15th century cities reemerge in Italy
Trade increased as a result of the
crusades
A new interest in Greek and Roman
civilizations came from contact with
Byzantine and Muslim cultures
Increased trade led to a new middle class
of wealthy merchants and artisans.
Patrons provided financial support for
the arts
Lorenzo de Medici was a wealthy merchant
and famous patron
The Roman Catholic Church also funded
many artists’ work
The Renaissance was a time of rebirth of
Renaissance art and literature after the Dark Ages in
Europe.
Geniuses like Leonardo Da Vinci studied a
1. What did humanists variety of subjects including art and
focus on rather than anatomy.
religious subjects of the
Middle Ages?
2. The Bonfire of Vanities
involved destroying
humanist books and art
in effort to _________.
3. Why was Leonardo
considered a
“Renaissance Man”?
4. How were
Michelangelo’s
sculptures like those of
the ancient Greeks?
5. How was Raphael’s
view of the Madonna
different from
Michelangelo’s?
Middle Ages vs.
Renaissance
Focus of The Middle Ages:
Religious matters and the
afterlife
Warfare and danger
New Renaissance Ideals:
Artists began to focus on
secular (worldly) things in
addition to religious subjects.
Humanism:
Human experiences and
achievements were
celebrated during this time
Stability and learning replaced
warfare and illiteracy.
Leonardo Da Vinci
Ceiling of
the
Sistine
Chapel
(1508-
1512)
Raphael
Painter most known for the
School of Athens (below, 1510-
1511) and the Transfiguration
(right, 1516-1520 completed after
his death by Giulio Romano)
Northern Renaissance
Over time the
Renaissance spread
to northern Europe.
Around 1439 Johann
Gutenberg invented
the printing press:
Increased literacy
Spread ideas faster
Cheaper and easier
Albrecht Durer is
known as the German
Leonardo
He studied art in Italy
and took the
movement back to
Germany
War is delightful to those who