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The Old South


A Presentation for American Studies
Akhmad Alfan Rahadi
125110107111017
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Modern Day South
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The Old South
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South Uniqueness

Consists of Appalachian Mountain Range, Mississippi River
and Swamp

Rural and Agricultural nature, and its One Crop System,
(only plants cotton or tobacco)

Pre-bourgeois/pre modern society and Widespread Use of
Slave Labor

There are four presidents from Virginia: Washington,
Jefferson, Madison and Monroe.
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Early South (18th century)


The Predominant Culture Started by the migration of early british
colonist in 17th century. In Virginia, Maryland, Carolinas and
Georgia

Populated by British, Irish and Scottish Immigrants. The majority
were indentured servants, who gained freedom after enough work to
pay off their passage to America.

The wealthier immigrants, paid their way received land grants
known as headrights, to encourage settlement.

African slaves were brought to work in plantation agriculture
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Old South (Antebellum south) (19th century)

It means Pre(ante) War(bellum), pre civil war era.

Also Means either the slave states that existed in 1776 (Virginia,
Delaware, Maryland, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina), or
all the slave states before 1860 (Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama,
Florida, Mississippi, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Texas.)

Populated by aristocratic, chivalrous planters and elegant womenfolk.
The rest are african slaves and native americans.

Central for agricultural industry of Cotton and Tobacco.
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Slavery in United States of America
Both South And North were practicing slavery in
the 19th century. The difference is that the north
practiced wage slavery and the south practiced
chattel slavery (people literally become the
property of others).

In the development, the modern northerners
started to leave slavery, and move to wage labour.
They then condemn slavery. They became the
abolitionist.

The historian James M. McPherson defines an
abolitionist "as one who before the Civil War had
agitated for the immediate, unconditional, and
total abolition of slavery in the United States."

Following the Revolutionary War, Northern states
abolished slavery, beginning with the 1777
constitution of Vermont, followed by
Pennsylvania's gradual emancipation act in 1780.
Other states with more of an economic interest in
slaves, such as New York and New Jersey, also
passed gradual emancipation laws, but by 1804,
all the northern states had abolished it.


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South And Slavery

Cotton became dominant in the lower South
after 1800. After the invention of the cotton gin,
short staple cotton could be grown more widely.
This led to an explosion of cotton cultivation,
especially in the frontier uplands of Georgia,
Alabama and other parts of the Deep South, as
well as riverfront areas of the Mississippi Delta.

Slavery in america began in the early 17th Century and continued to be practiced for the next 250
years by the colonies and states .

As an industrial central for cotton and tobacco slaves were considered as practical solution for
labor demand

In the 1860 presidential election, Republicans, led by Abraham Lincoln, opposed the expansion of
slavery into United States' territories. Lincoln won, but before his inauguration on March 4, 1861,
seven slave states with cotton-based economies formed the Confederacy. This led the south to war
against the north


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Civil war:

Started from April 12, 1861 May 10, 1865
(by declaration)

Slavery
States' rights
Sectionalism
Territorial crisis
National elections
Lincoln Elections
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Sectionalism in the South
Sectionalism in 1800s America refers to the different life styles, social
structures, customs, and political values of the North, South and West. It means
loyalty to the interests of one's own region or section of the country, rather
than to the country as a whole. It is often a precursor to separatism

It increased steadily in 18001850 as the North, industrialized, urbanized and
built prosperous factories, while the South concentrated on plantation
agriculture based on slave labor, together with subsistence farming for the
poor whites.

Southerners defended slavery by claiming that Northern factory workers
toiled under worse conditions and were not cared for by their employers.
Defenders of slavery referred to factory workers as the white slaves of the
North.

It also because of the argument over the interpretation of the Constitution
from 1789 to 1801.
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End Of the Old South
The last Confederate surrender occurred on
November 6, 1865, when the Confederate warship
CSS Shenandoah surrendered at Liverpool,
England.

President Andrew Johnson formally declared the
end of the war on August 20, 1866, thus ended the
story of the Old South or Slave South.
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The
End

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