DATA PROCESSING

SYSTEMS

All Rights Reserved:

ATENEO COMPUTER SCIENCE CENTER
Ateneo de Davao University
Outline
 Data Processing System (DPS)
 Data, Information, Programs
 Definition and Objective of DPS
 Elements of a DPS
 Types of data processing systems

 Electronic Data Processing System (EDPS)

 3 Components of an EDPS
 Advantages/Disadvantages of an EDPS
Data
 are facts, set of symbols to represent
objects, events, activities and quantities.
 Basic Forms of Data:
 Text  consist of standard alphabetic, numeric
and special characters.
 Graphics  still pictures such as drawings, graphs,
images and illustrations.
 Audio  any type of sound.
 Video  consist of motion pictures.
Information
 data that has been processed into a
meaningful form.
 4 characteristics:
 Relevant
 Complete

 Accurate

 Timely
Relevant - Information must pertain to the
problem at hand.

Complete - Partial information is often worse

than no information.

Accurate - Erroneous information might lead

to disastrous decisions
Current - Decisions are often based on the
latest information available, but
what was a fact yesterday might
no longer be one today.
Programs
 set of instructions that tells the
computer how to process the data to
produce information that the user
wants.
 Instructions that causes the computer
to perform specific actions.
Data Processing System
 Data – are facts, set of symbols to represent
objects, events, activities and quantities.
 Process – the execution of various operations on
data to convert it to a form which is meaningful.
 System – a collection of components that interact
to serve a common goal.
 Objective:
 To convert raw data into information that can be
used in decision making
Elements of a DPS
1. Input
 collection of data/information and conversion into a
form acceptable for processing.
1. Processing
 application of operations that convert data into a
meaningful form.
1. Output
 the form that is acceptable to the user for analysis
or as input for a second cycle.
1. Storage
 the medium where you can keep both data and
information for future reference or retrieval.
Types of Data Processing
1. Manual Data Processing
 is done by people with or without the aid of
machines. These machines are typewriters,
calculator, adding machine, etc..
1. Electronic Data Processing
 is done exclusively by machines with minimal
human supervision. Electronic devices are
used such as computers to produce
information.
 Electronic Data Processing
 3 Components
1. Hardware – physical components

– physical equipment in a computing environment.

1. Software – conceptual components

– machine codes and computer programs.

– built from planning and knowledge.

1. Peopleware – human components

– personnel involved in the system.

– highly specialized personnel with computer skills.

Physical Components:
HARDWARE
For INPUT:
 Keyboard

 Mouse

 Video cam
Physical Components:
HARDWARE

For PROCESS:
 SYSTEM UNIT
 CPU

 memory

 disk drives
Physical Components:
HARDWARE

For OUTPUT:
•Display (soft-copy)
•Printer (hard-copy)
•Multi-media speakers
Physical Components:
HARDWARE
For STORAGE:
 floppy disks

 fixed disk

 CD

 CD RW
 Conceptual Components:
SOFTWARE
 Systems Software
 Computer programs that enable application programs to run
on a given set of hardware.

a. Operating System - the main collection of systems software

that enables the computer system to manage the resources
under its control.
b. Personal Operating System - MS-DOS & PCDOS
c. Network Operating Systems - an operating system that
enables the network administrator in an organization to
control network tasks.
d. Language Translators - systems software that converts
applications programs into a machine language.
 Conceptual Components:
SOFTWARE
 Applications Software
 Computer programs that provide tools for performing
the type of work that people require computer systems
to do; commonly called applications programs or
applications.

a. Productivity Software – a computer programs such as

word processors and spreadsheets, designed to make
workers more productive in their jobs.
b. Entertainment Software – a computer program that
plays movies, music and games.
c. Educational Software – a computer program that aids
on education such as tutorials.
 Areas of the EDP Department
 SYSTEMS AND PROCEDURES
– defining and developing the system which will be
implemented on the company’s hardware.
– design of systems, impetus for designing new systems.
– serves as the liaison between users and the other
departments.

* Systems Analyst
 planning and design of new applications
* Programmer Analyst
 programming and designing a system
 Areas of the EDP Department

 PROGRAMMING AREA
– responsible for all programming activities.
– updating and maintaining systems which have already
been programmed.
– advisers to SYSTEMS & PROCEDURES area on any
programming area that might occur in systems design.

* Applications Programmers
* Maintenance Programmers
* System Programmers
 Areas of the EDP Department
* Applications Programmers
 They are provided with the requirements of a job
and are asked to develop logic and then code,
debug and document a program
* Maintenance Programmers
 Responsible for revising, amending or updating
existing programs. They are the “trouble shooters”
(finding and fixing errors in existing software)
* System Programmers
 They are highly skilled programmers which are
responsible for maximizing the overall efficiency of
a computer system
 Areas of the EDP Department

 OPERATIONS
– controls all of the day-to-day activities which take
place within the data processing department.

* Data Preparation Staff

* Computer Operator
* File Librarian
* Auditor
* Database Administrator
 Areas of the EDP Department

 Data Preparation Staff

 Converts data into codes (coding clerk)
 Converts data into a form said to be
computer readable (data encoders)
* Computer Operator
* Prepares data for processing
* File Librarian
 Takes care of the inventory of records,
disks and other file media (issues,
receipts and storage of files)
Areas of the EDP Department

 Auditor
 Accounting and computer specialists who
are responsible for assessing the
effectiveness and efficiency of the
computer system
* Data Base Administrator
 Responsible for organizing a large volume
of data such as the database of an
organization
 Advantages and
Disadvantages of the EDP
System:
ADVANTAGES
 increased speed
 improved accuracy and reliability

 more effective control (error-checking,

reports)
 reduced cost

 storage capacity

 improved quality
 DISADVANTAGES
 relatively high cost of equipment
 cost and difficulty of systems design
and programming
 channelling of work
 problems of conversion from a manual
system to an electronic one
 security problems