Macro Educational Planning

CED 217 report

Paula Bianca Z. Ferrer
Micro vs Macro
micro :extremely small.

Example: "the economy's performance at
the micro level."

macro: large-scale; overall.

Example: "the analysis of social events at
the macro level"
Educational planning at the
national and sub-national levels
Recognizing the need for adequate and
effective planning to pursue development
efforts, the Philippine government has
adopted the strategy of integrated
planning and management.

For this reason, planning mechanisms at
the national and sub-national levels were
established according to the Department
of Education.

Planning Mechanisms
National level
On the national level, the National
Economic and Development Authority
(NEDA) has been created as mandated by
the Constitution to assume the central role
of coordinating planning at the aggregate
level and overall program implementation.
NEDA
NEDA is charged with the task of planning
and overseeing government development
programs. It also coordinates development
policies and monitors project activities.
Provincial Development Council
This council is responsible for the
development of the province, chaired by
the Provincial Governor. Members include
the Provincial Superintendent of schools
and the heads of the other government
agencies or sectors in the province.

Municipal Development Council
At the municipal level, the Municipal
Development Council has been organized.
Chaired by the Municipal Mayor, this
council is responsible for the development
of the town. The members are the District
Supervisor, the MLGCD Municipal
Development Officers and the local heads
of the other sectors.

The Educational planning
process at the national and sub-
national levels
Each sector is responsible in the
preparation of plans to be integrated into
the national/ regional/provincial/city and/or
municipal development plans, depending
on the location and/or level.
The education plan, like those of other
sectors, constitutes only one component in
these development plans, so that the
education sector continuously coordinates
horizontally and vertically with the other
sectors.
Horizontal coordination and linkages mean
that the educational system works with
other agencies/sectors in the
region/provinces, etc. to formulate the
plans.
On the other hand, vertical coordination
and linkages mean that all the
principals/school heads prepare and
submit their plans to the school division;
division to regional office to the Planning
Service, DepEd. Subsequently, the
DepEds plan becomes a part of the
National Development Plan.

In preparing the educational plans, the
DepEd Planning Service coordinates with
all DepEds offices, bureau, agencies,
units and centers, and down to the
regional, division, district and institutional
offices. The plans, programs and projects
prepared by these offices are submitted to
the Planning Service for analysis and
integration in the National Plan of the
DepEd.
The final draft of the DepEd plan is
submitted to the Education Secretary for
approval. Then the Plan is submitted to
the NEDA and to the Budget Commission
for approval and integration to the overall
National Development Plan.
On the regional level, the counterpart of
the Planning Service Office is the Planning
Unit, headed by the Assistant Regional
Director, Planning units have been
organized on the regional level in view of
the present emphasis on countryside
development with its increasing demands
in the planning operation of the region.

Purpose of educational planning
on a national and sub-national
level
Effective and adequate educational
planning will enable policymakers and
other agencies concerned to:

Identify emerging problems sooner and
better;
Propose several options to consider;
Evaluate the feasibility, pros, and cons of
all alternatives.

Challenges to Planning in the
National and Sub-national levels
Lack of efficient communication and
coordination between concerned
agencies;
Insufficient job opportunities for graduates
leading to unemployment and
underemployment; also 'labor mismatch
Rising costs vs income
Demand in excess of capacity
etc..
Planning as a Step-by-Step
Process
Assessment of Needs and Problems
National Philosophy or Aspirations
Goals and Objectives
Policies
Programming
Sectoral or Regional Planning and
Programming
Project Planning and Implementation
Results and Evaluation

Issues as basis for defining
planning strategy
Elementary education
Efficiency
Management
Regional disparities
Quality
Finance
Issues as basis for defining
planning strategy
Secondary education
Role of the private sector
Quality Improvement
Quantitative expansion
Regional disparities
Efficiency
Finance
Issues as basis for defining
planning strategy
Technical and vocational education
Coordination, planning and management
Responsiveness to change/manpower
match
Quantitative output
Quality
Role of the private sector
Finance
Issues as basis for defining
planning strategy
Higher education
Rationalization
Management
Relationship to manpower needs
Quality
Finance
Issues as basis for defining
planning strategy
Non-formal education
Coordination
Quality
Finance
~Fin~
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