K8 - Ethics in E-Health

Ethics in e-Health
Bioethics and Humaniora Division

Medical Education Unit
Faculty of Medicine
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Telecare ( care from a distance )
One of the fastest technological developments
in healthcare, especially in home care
BHP Division - Faculty of Medicine USU.
Direct patient care
therecipient is remote from the clinician,
or nurse
Use communication media
A whole range of care activities:
monitoring, diagnosing,
prescribing medical treatment,
giving instructions for self-care,
or offering various forms of support.
The developments are mainly stimulate
by two factors :
the shortage of staff in home care
the commercial interest of
the electronics industry
Advantages:
to be the opportunity for quality improvement
and the increase of patients autonomy
The normative questions
concerning telecare concern
The changes of form of care

will cause in care arrangements and
care relationships
The basic philosophical question:
what exactly can and will be transported
through the electronic networks
connecting patients and caregivers?:
information, or also other elements of care,
such as attention, seriousness, involvement,
and even treatment
To what extent will the electronic network
not only function as a communication
channel, but also modify the content and
meaning of what passes between
patient and professional,
and thus become an actor on its own?
A second question is what the consequences
of telecare will be for the responsibilities and
liabilities of the parties involved
To what extent will professional caregivers
be responsible for the safety and quality
of telecare arrangements
(including the provision of information),
and how and when may they be liable
for adverse events due to its use?
A second question is what the consequences
of telecare will be for the responsibilities and
liabilities of the parties involved
What responsibility will patients and families
get when telecare is provided and
to what extent must they bear
the consequences of their (possible) mistakes?
Vision
The internet is changing how people
receive health information and health care
The goal of the e-Health Code of Ethics:
to ensure that people worldwide
can confidently and with full understanding
of known risks realize the potential
of the internet in managing their own health
and the health of those in their care
The internet has the potential to
revolutionize healthcare by
providing unprecedented access to
information as well as health products and
services on "e-health sites."
Vision
Health information includes information
for staying well, preventing and
managing disease, and making other decisions
related to health and health care.
The organizations and individuals
that provide health information
on the internet have special, strong obligations
Health and health care
are critically important to people
to be trustworthy, provide high quality content,
protect users' privacy, and adhere to standards
of best practices for online commerce and
online professional services in health care
It includes information for making decisions
about health products and health services
e- Health
It may be in the form of data, text, audio,
and/or video.

It may involve enhancements through
programming and interactivity.
1. Candor & Trustworthiness
People who use the internet for
health-related purposes must have sufficient
information to make
fully informed decisions about
the integrity of content and
the potential for bias
e- Health
1. Candor & Trustworthiness
People may not realize that personal
information may be collected
when they use the Internet

People may not understand that declining to
provide personal data may affect the
information or services they receive
e- Health
2. Quality
People who use the internet
for health-related purposes need credible,
well-supported information
in order to make prudent decisions

People who use the internet
for health-related purposes need to be able
to judge the credibility of content
e- Health
3. Informed Consent, Privacy &
Confidentiality
To make prudent decisions about whether
to provide personal information online,
especially information about
their health status, people need to know what
information is being gathered
and why
e- Health
3. Informed Consent, Privacy &
Confidentiality
The personal information that
may be gathered by a health-related site
is often intimate and highly sensitive

People must be able to trust that
any personal information they provide
will be kept confidential and secure
e- Health
4. Best Commercial Practices
Transparency
Truthfulness
Privacy
e- Health

5. Best Practices for Provision
of Health Care on the Internet
by Health Care Professionals

Professional Standards
The Professional-Patient Relationship
e- Health
It is important for the consumer, to understand
that e-health Web sites have different
purposes or functions and that some may be
more appropriate than others
focus on providing services for
the health industry
provide patient health and medical content
sell medical products and services
Because of the large numbers
and variety of e-health sites
Many sites serve multiple functions such
as providing consumer information,
hosting on-line support groups and
providing business support services.
e- Health sites
CONCLUSION
Ethical aspect in e-health must be considered
as a corner stone in
e-health application in health services system
the most reliable way to check the accuracy
of health information and to obtain sound
medical advice whether from the internet or
elsewhere: the patient can discuss it with a
licensed medical professional.
CONCLUSION
The e-health world is still very much
a consumer-beware environment
Identifying appropriate e-health sites
is not an easy task for most consumers
Health professionals play an important role
in helping patients with this issue
The tools mentioned here are designed
to help make the selection process easier
for both the patient and
the patients healthcare provider
CONCLUSION
It is important to remember that,
while the internet is a powerful tool to obtain
information about health and medicine,
it should be considered as only one
of many different resources

Online information should not be used
as a complete substitute for seeking
medical diagnosis and treatment
from a licensed health care professional.
Finally, all question may arise concerning
the liability of manufacturers and importers
of devices and software, not only for hidden
defects but also for inadequate information.
These question necessitate a legal analysis,
next to the moral analysis.
CONCLUSION

K8 - Ethics in E-Health

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Ethics in e-Health

Bioethics and Humaniora Division

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