MIRPUR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Engine
Lubrication S!te"!
TOPIC
Group Members
Muhammad Usman Shahid 10-ME-112
Syed Mustafa aider 10-ME-12!
"a#ar $bbas 10-ME-1%1
$&ais $hmed 'a#a 10-ME-1%(
MIRPUR UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Meaning of lubrication

Friction - is created when there is relative motion between two

surfaces

Lubrication is use of a material between surfaces to reduce

friction

Any material used is called a lubricant

Two main methods

1. Hydrodynamic lubrication

Also called complete or full flow

ccurs when two surfaces are completed separated by a fluid film

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Types of Lubricant - !hysical
2. Boundary lubrication
Occurs when Hydrodynamic lubrication fails.
By adsorption or chemical reaction

Li"uid

Typical lubricants are li"uid#fluids

Mineral oil or synthetic oils

$olid

%raphite& Mo$'

$emi solid

%reases

%ases

Atomised ' stro(e oils

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)educing friction

)educing wear

$ealing power

Absorbing shoc(

*leaning

*ooling
Functions of Lubrication Oil
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L+,)-*AT-.
$/$T0M
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!urpose of Lubrication $ystem

)ubri*ate
Reduces Friction by creating a thin fi+m(Clearance)
between moving parts Bearings and journals)
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!urpose of Lubrication $ystem

Sea+s
!he oil helps form a gastight
seal between piston rings
and cylinder walls
Reduces Blow-By)
"nternal oil lea# blow$by% will
result in BLUE SMOKE at the
tale pipe.
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!urpose of Lubrication $ystem

C+eans
&s it circulates through the engine' the oil pic#s up metal
particles and carbon' and brings them bac# down to the pan.
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!urpose of Lubrication $ystem

Coo+s
(ic#s up heat when moving through the engine and then
drops into the cooler oil pan' giving up some of this heat.
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!urpose of Lubrication $ystem

$bsorbs sho*,
)hen heavy loads are imposed on the bearings' the oil
helps to cushion the load.

$bsorbs Contaminants
!he additives in oil helps in absorbing the contaminants
that enter the lubrication system.
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1-$*$-T/
*iscosity is a measure of oil+s resistance to flow.

& low viscosity oil is thin and flows easily

& high viscosity oil is thic# and flows

slowly.

&s oil heats up it becomes more

viscous Becoes t!in)
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1-$*$-T/

"f the oil is too thin!as "ery low "iscosity) it will be forced
out from between the moving parts' resulting in rapid wear.

"f the oil is too thic#!as "ery !ig! "iscosity) it will flow very
slowly to engine parts' especially when the engine and the oil
are cold' resulting in rapid wear.
-is*osity Inde. is the measure of how much the viscosity of
an oil changes with temperature. 2, )%
*iscosity number is set by S$E (Society o# $utooti"e
Engineers)
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1-$*$-T/

Sin/+e 0is*osity oi+s -&. /)' -&. 0,) )inter% and

-&. 2,' -&.1, 2 -ummer%

Mu+tip+e 0is*osity oi+s -&. 0,)$1,.

!his means that the oil is same as -&. 0,) when cold
and -&.1, when hot.
!he higher the number the higher the viscosityt!ic%ness) of oil.
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!roperties of oil

Corrosion and 'ust Inhibitor1 3isplaces water from

metal surfaces' to prevent corrosion.

2oamin/ 'esistan*e1 Rotating cran#shaft tends to cause

bubbles Foa) in the oil and bubbles in oil will reduce the
effectiveness of oil to lubricate.

Syntheti* Oi+s1 4ade by chemical process and do not

necessarily come from petroleum.
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$ervice )ating of il
S$3 S43 SC3 S53677S8
S$ and S4 oils are not recommended for use in today+s
&utomobile engines.
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!arts
Oi+ Pumps 3riven by camshaft' cran#shaft Rarely
re&uild &y an auto tec!nician)

Rotor (ump('wo star s!a(ed rotors

(u(s t!e oil)

5ear oil (ump

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!arts
Oi+ Pan
-tores the oil and helps in cooling the oil
(an gas#et splits if over tightened.
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!arts
Pressure 'e+ief -a+0e to prevent the buildup of high
(ressure Causes t!e oil #ilter to &ulge) &ut not a coon
(ro&le)*
Good oi+ pressure is
90-:0 psi
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!arts
Oi+ Pressure Indi*ator

Light or a 5auge
!he light turns on or gauge reads low when
the pressure drops below 0,psi.
Common *auses of +o& oi+ pressure are1

)o& oi+ +e0e+

;orn out pump

Low oil pressure -afety system will shuts down the car by
cutting the ignition -ystem(S(ar%)*

Good oi+ pressure is 90-:0 psi7

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!arts
Oi+ 2i+ter filters the oil
-ome particles are too small for the filter E+ement((a(er
in t!e #ilter % to trap.
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!arts
Oi+ Ga++eries
5e+i0er the oi+ to top
end and returnin/ it
To the oi+ pan7
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!arts
Positi0e Cran,*ase 0enti+ation -a+0e

Po++ution pre0ention

4+o&-by ba*, into the inta,e

Pre0ent s+ud/e in the en/ine7

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!arts
Oi+ Pressure sendin/ unit electrically sends the
signal to the Light or 5auge mounted on the dash.
"f the wires get shorted the light will come on or
the gauge will read high.
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-L *HA.%0

E0ery %000<m

( months
"gnoring regular oil change intervals will shorten
engine life and performance.
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An #ue!tion re$ate% to
t&e!e !$i%e!'
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