Ch.

1
Sec. 1 Body Organization
& Homeostasis
levels of organization
in body
cells
tissues
organs
organ systems
Cell Size and Scale
Cell Types
Bone
Cell
Muscle
Cell
Nerve
Cell
Cartilage
Cell
Blood
Cell
Small
Intestine
Cell
CELL
STRUCTURES
(organelles)
cell
membrane
nucleus cytoplasm
Cell Membrane

forms outside boundary of cell
Nucleus
control center- directs cells
activities

The nuclei can be seen in the
photograph of human cheek cells below.
Cytoplasm
clear, jellylike substance
contains organelles
4 basic
types
of tissues
muscle
tissue
nerve
tissue
connective
tissue
epithelial
tissue
4 basic
types
of tissues
muscle
tissue
nerve
tissue
connective
tissue
epithelial
tissue
movement
Contracts&
shortens
4 basic
types
of tissues
muscle
tissue
nerve
tissue
connective
tissue
epithelial
tissue

Movement
Contracts &
shortens

Directs & controls
movement

Carries messages
back & forth
from brain
4 basic
types
of tissues
muscle
tissue
nerve
tissue
connective
tissue
epithelial
tissue
Movement
Contracts &
shortens

Directs & controls
movement

Carries messages
back & forth
from brain
Connects &
supports
4 basic
types
of tissues
muscle
tissue
nerve
tissue
connective
tissue
epithelial
tissue
movement
Contracts&
shortens
Directs & controls
movement

Carries messages
back & forth
from brain
Connects &
supports
Covers body surfaces
in & out

Absorbs &
releases chemicals
Bone & fat
Tissues
An organ is a structure that is made
of different kinds of tissue.
Your stomach, heart, brain, and lungs
are all organs.
Each organ in your body is
part of an organ system.
Your heart is part of your
circulatory system, which
carries oxygen and other
materials throughout the
body.

Besides the heart, blood
vessels are organs in the
circulatory system.
organ
systems
Circulatory System
FUNCTIONS
carries needed
materials to body cells
carries wastes away
from body
helps fight disease
homeostasis
process by which an organisms
internal environment is kept stable in
spite of changes in external
environment

examples:
1. internal body temp.= 37 degrees
Celsius no matter outside temp.
2. perspiring on a hot day
Maintaining Homeostasis Regardless of the surrounding temperature, your body
temperature remains fairly constant at about 37C. Sweating and shivering help regulate
your body temperature.
stress
reaction of your body & mind
to threatening, challenging or
disturbing events
disrupts homeostasis
Cell Membrane

surrounds cytoplasm
allows water, oxygen & other
materials to pass in & out of cells
Nucleus
cells command center
contains cell's DNA (genetic code)

Cytoplasm
material between nucleus & cell
membrane
contains organelles & nutrients
List the 4 levels of organization in the human
body. Give an example of each level.
cell- bone cell
tissue- muscle tissue
organ- heart
organ system- circulatory system
What are the 4 types of tissue found in the
human body? What is the general function of
each type?
muscle tissue= movement
nerve tissue= carries messages
between the brain and other parts of the
body
connective tissue= provides support
and connects all parts of the body
epithelial tissue= covers surfaces of
body; absorbs & releases substances
Describe the structure of an animal cell.
The cell membrane forms the outside
boundary of the cell.
Inside the cell membrane is the
nucleus, the control center of the cell.
The area between the nucleus and cell
membrane is the cytoplasm, which
contains important cell structures.
What systems of the body are involved when
you prepare a sandwich and then eat it?

skeletal system
nervous system
muscular system
circulatory system
digestive system
What is homeostasis ?
process by which an organisms
internal environment is kept stable
in spite of changes in external
environment
examples:
1. internal body temp = 37 degrees
Celsius no matter outside temp.
2. perspiring on a hot day
What is stress? How does it
affect homeostasis?
reaction of your body & mind
to threatening, challenging or
disturbing events
upsets homeostasis