Dr. S.A. Ashraf Ali M.D. D.M.

Cardiologist
Shifa Jeddah Polyclinic
Occupational Stress
Management
Stress and Strain in Physics

Eustress = Optimal Stress
Distress = Abnormal Stress
Eustress and Distress

Stress Illness Relationship

Yerkes-Dodson Curve
Coined by Hans Selye
(1907-1982)
Highly Diverse Stimuli
result in Common Changes
in an organism
Historical Aspect

Unpleasant Stimulus which is
beyond the coping Capability
of an Individual
Definition of Stress
The brave feel the same
fear as cowards but, react
differently
The hardy feel the same
stress as the Vulnerable
but, react differently
Fear and Stress Analogy

Daily Stress is more
detrimental cumulatively
than Life Events
Acute Stress vs Chronic Stress

The stress by itself does not
cause illness but, the reaction
to the stress does
Stress and Illness

Bodily Symptoms of Stress
Hypertension
Stroke
Heart Attack
Peptic Ulcer
Migraine
Stress and Illness
Tension Headache
Allergies, Asthma
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Cancer
Backache
Stress and Illness Contd..
Obesity
Miscarriages
Sports Injuries
Cardiomyopathy
Stress and Illness Contd..

Mismanagement of Stress
Healthy Diet
Regular, Adequate Aerobics
Maintain Ideal Weight
Eliminate Negative Traits
Nurture Positive Traits
Healthy Life Style
Unhealthy Food
Unhealthy Food
Unhealthy Food
Unhealthy Food
Unhealthy Food
Unhealthy Food
Unhealthy Food
Whole Grain Food
Green Salads
Fresh Vegetables
Greens
Fruits
Low Fat Dairy Products
Healthy Diet
Happiness
Optimism
Morality
Gratitude
Forgiveness
Positive Traits
Humility
Self-Control
Generosity
Patience
Perseverance
Positive Traits Contd..
Pessimism
Fear
Gloominess
Frustration
Feeling of Insecurity
Negative Traits
Cognitive Appraisal
Self-Observation
Cognitive Restructuring
Relaxation Training
Time Management
Problem Solving
Cognitive Behavior Therapy
Meditation
Biofeedback
Exercise, Games
Auto Suggestion
Pastime

Relaxation Techniques
Thought Stopping
Systematic Desensitization
Spirituality
Community Service
Group Activities
Stress Management
Physical Danger
Poor Working Conditions
Work Overload
Time Pressures
Poor wages
Sources of Work Stress
Role Ambiguity
Role Conflict
Responsibility to People
Responsibility to Superiors

Role in Organization
With Boss
Superiors
Colleagues
Subordinates
Delegation of Responsibility
Work Relationship
Underpromotion
Overpromotion
Lack of Job Security
Market Instability
Global Recession
Career Development
Nil or little Participation in
Decision Making
Office Politics
Lack of effective
Consultation
Class Divide
Organizational Climate
Smoking
Escapist Drinking
Absenteeism
Depression
Marital Disharmony
Symptoms of Occupational
Stress
Hypertension
High Cholesterol
Aggravation of Diabetes
Heart Attack
Sleeping Disorder
Symptoms Contd..
Work Supervision
Health check up
Counselling
Incentives
Education

Occpational Stress
Management
Negotiation
Mediation
Arbitration
Cooperation
Conciliation
Conflict Resolution
Grant me the serenity to
accept the things I can not
change, the courage to
change the things I can and
the wisdom to know the
difference
Serenity Prayer