Mendel’s Experiments

 Contents:
 1)Contribution of Mendel
 2)Pea plant experiment
 3)Dominant
 4)Recessive
 5)mendel’s law of segregation
 6)Allele
 7)Mendel law of Independent
Assortment
The Contribution of
Mendel

 Demonstrated that
inherited
characteristics are
carried by discrete
units that are re-
assorted in each
generation.
 Pea Plant Experiment
 Performed
experimental crosses
with pure bred pea
plants
Pea Plant Experiment
 Discovered that first generation offspring
all showed only one of two alternative
traits.
 Example: Pure breeding tall crossed with
pure breeding short produced ALL tall.
MENDEL’S SEVEN F1 CROSSES ON PEA PLANTS
Pea Plant Experiment

 Mendel allowed first generation offspring

to self-pollinate.
 Discovered that the trait which had
disappeared in the first generation
reappeared in ¼ of the plants in the
second generation.
 Example: Self-fertilizing tall plants
produced ¾ tall plants and ¼ short plants
Dominant
 Characteristics that
appeared in the entire
F1 generation and 75%
of the F2 or “second
filial” generation

 “Overshadows”
recessive traits
Recessive
 Characteristics that
did not appear in the
F1 generation, but
reappeared in 25%
of the F2 generation

 Is “overshadowed”
by dominant trait
 Mendel’s Law of
Segregation
 The hypothesis that every individual carries
pairs of factors for each trait and that the
members of the pair separate during the
formation of gametes
Alleles
 The different forms of a gene.
 Chromosomes are made up of DNA
 DNA is made up of genes
 Genes are made up of alleles
 Example of Gene:
 gene for flower color
 Example of Allele:
 purple or white version of the gene
A pair of homologous chromosomes. Each chromosome carries
a gene for a trait, eye color. The chromosome on the left carries
the allele for brown eyes, whereas the chromosome on the right
carries the allele for blue eyes. During meiosis, each homolog
will go to a different cell; the genes will segregate.

Which allele does this gamete Which allele does this gamete
carry? carry?
The Principle of
Independent
Assortment
 Of all possible allele combinations, only
one of the alleles for the given trait can
be passed to the offspring and it is done
completely at random.
Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.
 THE END
 Prepared by* Rifat Ali Kheshgi
 Student at *NWFP Agricultural
University Peshawar Pakistan
 Cell* 03139556067

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