Slide title

In CAPITALS
50 pt



Slide subtitle
32 pt


DCN solutions
AXX 9100 CONNECT
AXX 9200 EDGE
AXX 9300 METRO
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EXA / Christian Olsen
Scope
This presentation provides a brief overview for the DCN
features implemented in AXX products.

It focus on main features, planning and what is the best
practice for DCN configuration when combining the different
AXX products in a network.
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Introduction
AXX 9200 EDGE and AXX 9100 CONNECT have two different options for
software based DCN IP routing.

The IP Numbered is the default option and requires an IP address configured
on each interface (IF). In other words acting as a common IP router.

The second option is the IP Unnumbered router, which only requires one IP
address per NE. Selecting the router system mode is a strategic choice,
which must be configured from CLI as the first step during initial configuration.

AXX 9300 METRO has only one router and Unnumbered and Numbered
interfaces can be configured individually per point-to-point channel. In
addition one VLAN can be IP addressed for in-band management.

Next slides provides a feature overview for each of the products and what
options that can be combined when running IP Numbered and IP
Unnumbered.
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DCN feature overview
DCN feature description
AXX 9100 CONNECT R.1.0 & AXX 9200 EDGE R.2.1 AXX 9300 METRO R.1.0
IP Numbered mode IP Unnumbered mode - - -
Ethernet management port (MNGT-port) X (10 Base T) X (10 Base T) X (10/100 Base T)
PPP over DCC-R (D1-D3) X X X
PPP over DCC-M (D4-D12) X X X
IP over HDLC DCC-R (Proprietary used for old AXX products) X N/A Not supported
IP over HDLC DCC-R (Proprietary used for old AXX products) X N/A Not supported
PPP over L1CC 192 kbps (Proprietary DCC-R equivalent
transported through L1 Ethernet over SDH connection)
X X X
(only unnumbered)
PPP over L1CC 576 kbps (Proprietary DCC-M equivalent
transported through L1 Ethernet over SDH connection)
X
(N/A for Connect)
X
(N/A for Connect)
X
(only unnumbered)
IP addressed LAN- and/or WAN-ports X N/A Not supported
Management VLAN X Not supported X
IP over OSI tunneling (MNGT-port and DCC) X
(Enabled by license)
Not supported Not supported
OSI routing (ES-IS, L1 IS-IS, L2 IS-IS) X
(Enabled by license)
Not supported Not supported
Static IP routing X X X
OSPF II X X X
Opaque LSAs (OSPF) for auto-discovery of network topology
for End-to-End management (SDH connections)
Not supported X X
RIP v1/v2 X Not supported Not supported
DCC Transparency (Tunnelling) X (SW HDLC 16- &
32-bit framing)
X (SW HDLC 16- & 32-
bit framing)
X
(HW - XC OH)
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AXX 9100 CONNECT AND AXX 9200 EDGE
System mode IP Numbered
0..1
Management
IP layer (IP routing)
VLAN
ID range 1-4000
L2 LAN/WAN MNGT Port L1CC
PPP PPP OSI
IP/OSI adaption
L2 LAN/WAN
HDLC
DCC
Enabled by license
OSPF II RIP v1/v2
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AXX 9100 CONNECT AND AXX 9200 EDGE
System mode IP Unnumbered
0..1
Management
IP layer (IP routing)
L2 LAN/WAN MNGT Port L1CC
PPP PPP OSI
L2 LAN/WAN
HDLC
DCC
Enabled by license
OSPF II RIP v1/v2
VLAN
ID range 1-4000
IP/OSI adaption
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AXX 9300 METRO
0..1
Management
IP layer (IP routing)
L2 LAN/WAN MNGT Port L1CC
PPP PPP OSI
L2 LAN/WAN
HDLC
DCC
Enabled by license
OSPF II RIP v1/v2
VLAN
One ID within range 1-4095
Only Unnumbered
IP/OSI adaption
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DCN Block Diagram : IP over MNGT port
Processor

MII PCI HDLC
Management Port

SDH Termination

DCC
Policer
LAN Ports (L2)
Policer
Policer
Policer
Policer
Ethernet Mapper
Policer
Ethernet Mapper
Ethernet
Switch
Policer
LAN Ports (L1)
Ethernet Mapper
STM-n
STM-n
Ethernet
Switch
Ethernet
Crossbar
Management Traffic
WAN Ports (L2)
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DCN Block Diagram: IP over DCC
Processor

MII PCI HDLC
Management Port

SDH Termination

DCC
Policer
LAN Ports (L2)
Policer
Policer
Policer
Policer
Ethernet Mapper
Policer
Ethernet Mapper
Ethernet
Switch
Policer
LAN Ports (L1)
Ethernet Mapper
STM-n
STM-n
Ethernet
Switch
Ethernet
Crossbar
Management Traffic
WAN Ports (L2)
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DCN Block Diagram : IP over VLAN (in-band)
Processor

MII PCI HDLC
Management Port

SDH Termination

DCC
Policer
LAN Ports (L2)
Policer
Policer
Policer
Policer
Ethernet Mapper
Policer
Ethernet Mapper
Ethernet
Switch
Policer
LAN Ports (L1)
Ethernet Mapper
STM-n
STM-n
Ethernet
Switch
Ethernet
Crossbar
Management Traffic
User Traffic
WAN Ports (L2)
Management connectivity
can be obtained through ports
having membership to the
VLAN. All L2 Ethernet LAN- and
WAN-ports can have membership
to one or more VLANs.
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L1CC - management over L1 Ethernet-port (in-band)
L1CC - Layer 1 Communication channel
L1CC is a simulated DCC mapped into a VCG (Ethernet over SDH).
L1CC can be used if the node is equipped with an Ethernet module,
which supports Ethernet over SDH.
L1CC is only applicable for Ethernet LAN-ports operating in layer 1
mode.
L1CC may be used for both FE- and GE-ports.
L1CC can be configured for two different speeds. Both DCC equivalents
can be used, i.e. 192 kbit/s and 576 kbit/s.
L1CC is proprietary, and requires an AXX NE at both end terminations.
The LAN-port being used for L1CC communication can still be used for
other needs. E.g. customer traffic. The management traffic being
transported through L1CC will get highest priority. E.g. if one single VC-
12 is configured for L1 Ethernet over SDH and the L1CC mode is set to
576 kbps, then the service for other purposes will not be guaranteed
more than 1,40 Mbps.
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DCN Block Diagram : L1CC IP over L1 port (in-band)
Processor

MII PCI HDLC
Management Port

SDH Termination

DCC
Policer
LAN Ports (L2)
Policer
Policer
Policer
Policer
Ethernet Mapper
Policer
Ethernet Mapper
Ethernet
Switch
Policer
LAN Ports (L1)
Ethernet Mapper
STM-n
STM-n
Ethernet
Switch
Ethernet
Crossbar
Management Traffic
User Traffic
WAN Ports (L2)
Highest priority.
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IP Numbered
IP Numbered is common IP routing, which means that all
interfaces (IFs) in use must have an IP address within a unique IP
segment to communicate.

System mode IP Numbered must be used for IP over OSI.

IP Numbered must be used for AXX 9100 CONNECT and AXX
9200 EDGE to use IP in-band by means of Management VLAN.

AXX 9300 METRO can combine Unnumbered and Numbered
interfaces using the same router.
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IP Numbered Introduction
Each physical connection between routers is configured with a unique IP address within the
same IP segment.
IP Numbered was the first router mode supported by AXX products.
Due to historical reasons IP Numbered is the default router system mode for AXX 9100 and
AXX 9200.
AXX 9300 can configure IP Numbered and IP Unnumbered individually per interface.
Each IP address reachable from TMN may be used for configuration management. A
solution in TMN makes it possible to simultaneously monitor all IP addresses to a given NE.
OSPF or RIP may be used for dynamic routing.
R2
Subnet 30.0.0.0
Interface #2
IP: 30.0.0.1 / 24
R1
Subnet 10.0.0.0
Interface #1
IP: 10.0.0.1 / 24
IP/Management port
IP/DCC
IP/OSI
IP/L1CC
IP/LAN-ports
IP/WAN-ports
IP/VLAN
Subnet 20.0.0.0
Interface #1
IP: 20.0.0.1 / 24
Interface #2
IP: 20.0.0.2 / 24
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IP Numbered - IP over OSI tunnelling
AXX 9100 CONNECT AND AXX 9200 EDGE
The OSI stack communicates with the IP
layer through a single logical IP interface,
referred to as the OSI interface. The OSI
interface is identified (as any other IP
interface in AXX 9100 CONNECT AND
AXX 9200 EDGE by an ifIndex.
DCC DCC
MANAGEMENT
IP
MNGT
OSI interface
OSI circuit
OSI
The interface between the Management
Port or a DCC and the OSI stack is referred
to as an OSI circuit.

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IP Numbered - OSI Gateway and OSI NE
The equipement connected to the
IP LAN, i.e. AXX NE#1 is referred
to as the OSI Gateway. The
others are referred to as OSI NEs.

For AXXTMN, AXX NE#1 (the
OSI GW) appears as a regular IP
router providing access to the
subnet where AXX NE#2, and
AXX NE#3 are located.
AXX
TMN
IP DCN
10.0.0.0 / 24
AXX NE #1
AXX NE #2 AXX NE #3
NE
GW
NE
3
rd
Party NE
3
rd
Party NE
IP tunnels
20.0.0.0 / 24
20.0.0.1
20.0.0.2 20.0.0.3
10.0.0.1
10.0.0.100
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IP Numbered - OSI GW vs. OSI NE Functionality
The OSI stack must know where to send CNLP traffic, i.e.
the destination NSAP address. There are distinct
approaches for NE and GW.
An OSI NE always sends CLNP traffic to its gateway (GW).
Therefore, a NE must be configured both with its own NSAP
address, and the NSAP address of its GW.
An OSI GW is able to dynamically build an Address Mapper table
(AMT) containing a mapping between IP address and NSAP
address for the OSI NEs. To enable the GW to dynamically build its
AMT, each NE sends periodically Hello messages to its configured
GW.
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IP Unnumbered Background
The IP Unnumbered concept allows a system to provide IP processing
on a serial interface or in general a point-to-point without assigning it an
explicit IP address.
The IP Unnumbered interface can borrow the IP address of another
interface already configured on the system/router.
L1 communication channel (L1CC) and PPP in DCC are point-to-point
links and may be used for IP Unnumbered.
R2
Subnet 192.168.20.0
Interface #1
unnumbered
Interface #2
IP: 192.168.20.21 / 24
R1
Subnet 192.168.10.0
Interface #1
IP: 192.168.10.12 / 24
Serial interfaces
(point-to-point)
Interface #2
unnumbered
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IP Unnumbered: One subnet
Proxy ARP enables one LAN-connected NE to respond to the ARP request for NEs not
connected to the LAN.
Proxy ARP is enabled per default on the NEs, i.e. it does not require any user configuration.
Typically used in small ring topologies (sub-rings) and/or CPEs connected to a central
consolidation unit. E.g. AXX 9100 connected to AXX 9300.

AXX NE #4
AXX NE #2
AXX NE #1 AXX NE #3
STM-n Ring
AXX
TMN
MNGT Port: 30.0.0.1
Gateway=Disbled
MNGT Port: 30.0.0.2
Gateway=Disbled
PPP/DCC and/or L1CC
MNGT Port: 30.0.0.4
Gateway=Disabled
MNGT Port: 30.0.0.3
Gateway=Enabled
IP: 30.0.0.10 / 8
Def. GW: 30.0.0.3
All the nodes are on
the same subnet,
(30.0.0.0 subnet)
Proxy ARP is
required on AXX NE#3

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IP Unnumbered solution Unique subnets per node
For AXX DCN solution, IP unnumbered interfaces always point to the Managment Port.
OSPF can be enabled to update routing tables dynamically.
Running each node in unique segments allow OSPF routing on management ports and
more gateway network elements (GNEs).
AXX NE #4
AXX NE #2
AXX NE #1
AXX NE #3 STM-n Ring
AXX
TMN
MNGT Port: 10.0.0.1
Gateway=Enabled
MNGT Port: 20.0.0.1
Gateway=Enabled
PPP/DCC
MNGT Port: 40.0.0.1
Gateway=Enabled
MNGT Port: 30.0.0.1
Gateway=Enabled
IP: 30.0.0.10 / 8
Def. GW: 30.0.0.3
PPP/DCC
L1CC
L1CC
3
rd
Party NE
3
rd
Party NE
DCC communication
for the 3
rd
party NEs
may be transparently
tunnelled through AXX
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Design rules and limitations
Point-to-Point channels (P-t-P)
The P-t-P channels share the available capacity in each node.
L1CC 192 kbps=DCC-R
L1CC 576 kbps=DCC-M

Maximum DCC / L1CC per node and modules:
Each traffic module may terminate up to 8xDCC-R/L1CC-192 kbps.
Each traffic module may terminate up to 4xDCC-M/L1CC-576 kbps.
Absolute upper limitation on the number of active DCC/L1CC-channels is 48.
Only L1CC-192 kbps is supported by AXX 9100 CONNECT.
OSI encapsulation can not be enabled for more than 8xDCC-M channels per node.
Management VLAN
One Management VLAN for AXX 9300 METRO. VLAN ID range 1-4095.
All VLANs configured on AXX 9100 CONNECT and AXX 9200 EDGE may be IP addressed
and serve as a Management VLAN. VLAN ID range 1-4000.
The Management Port can not obtain VLAN membership.
OSI Routing
Max 50 IS routers (L1/L2)
IP over OSI Gateway may terminate up to 32 remote NEs.
No redundant IP over OSI Gateway option

IP Routing
128 routing table entries
Max 50 nodes in an OSPF area
1024 LSA entries
OSPF can not be activated for management port on nodes, which have Gateway=disabled.
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Best practice of DCN solutions for the AXX portfolio
DCN feature description
AXX 9100 CONNECT R.1.0 & AXX 9200 EDGE R.2.1 AXX 9300 METRO R.1.0
IP Numbered mode IP Unnumbered mode - - -
Ethernet management port (MNGT-port) X (10 Base T) X (10 Base T) X (10/100 Base T)
PPP over DCC-R (D1-D3) X X X
PPP over DCC-M (D4-D12) X X X
IP over HDLC DCC-R (Proprietary used for old AXX products) X N/A Not supported
IP over HDLC DCC-R (Proprietary used for old AXX products) X N/A Not supported
PPP over L1CC 192 kbps (Proprietary DCC-R equivalent
transported through L1 Ethernet over SDH connection)
X X X
(only unnumbered)
PPP over L1CC 576 kbps (Proprietary DCC-M equivalent
transported through L1 Ethernet over SDH connection)
X
(N/A for AXX 9100)
X
(N/A for AXX 9100)
X
(only unnumbered)
IP addressed LAN- and/or WAN-ports X N/A Not supported
Management VLAN X Not supported X
IP over OSI tunneling (MNGT-port and DCC) X
(Enabled by license)
Not supported Not supported
OSI routing (ES-IS, L1 IS-IS, L2 IS-IS) X
(Enabled by license)
Not supported Not supported
Static IP routing X X X
OSPF II X X X
Opaque LSAs (OSPF) for auto-discovery of network topology
for End-to-End management (SDH connections)
Not supported X X
RIP v1/v2 X Not supported Not supported
DCC Transparency (Tunnelling) X (SW HDLC 16- &
32-bit framing)
X (SW HDLC 16- & 32-
bit framing)
X
(HW - XC OH)